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1
Content available Risk Management in Air Navigation Services
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EN
The need to develop and adopt legal standards for safety management was identified at the Conference of General Directors of Civil Aviation dedicated to the global strategy of aviation safety (Montreal, March 20-22, 2006) and additionally supported by the recommendations of the Safety Conference (Montreal, March 29 - April 1, 2010). The year 2006 saw the introduction of issues related to the safety management system to the Convention’s annexes. The existing fundamental rules related to SMS were included in the annexes: 1 - Personnel licensing, 6 - Operation of Aircraft, 8 - Airworthiness of Aircraft, 11 - Air Traffic Services, 13 - Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation, and 14 - Aerodromes. In addition, due to the dynamic development of aviation and, at the same time, the growing need to create the highest standards in the field of safety management systems, the Air Navigation Commission established the Safety Management Panel (SMP) to develop the content of Annex 19. After several years of reconciliation and consultation, this document was finally adopted by the ICAO Council in 2013. It has become the ipso facto document that provides the basis for creating an effective safety management system, as it is compatible and also adapted to the most effective practices indicated in the ICAO Doc 9859 Safety Management Manual. Annex 19 sets out the responsibility of States, the safety management system and the collection of information related to safety. The National Civil Aviation Safety Programme and the structure of this system were also dealt with. The whole idea is to support states in the process of hazard identification and risk management. The purpose of the article was: to highlight selected elements of the risk management process in a practical dimension, to present the principles for assessing the degree of risk by an air navigation service provider, and to identify ways of improving this process. Searching for an answer to the main research problem contributed to achieving this goal. The research problem was expressed in the form of a question: How does the air navigation service provider manage the risk under the air traffic safety management system in order to achieve compliance with regulatory requirements and to achieve the assumed parameters (indicators) in the area of safety? With regard to the main research problem, the following research hypotheses were formulated: 1. I believe that an air navigation service provider undertakes an assessment of the degree of possible danger in civil aviation to identify hazards in air traffic as part of a safety management system. 2. I suppose that the air navigation service provider manages the risk in a manner consistent with the provisions of law and by using procedures included in normative documents.
EN
This paper was written to show the important process in safety system for enterprises - workers 'awareness. It is a new component of management process at the company. The key target of the management is to reduce a number of accidents. But its most important task, in long term, is to create an efficient safety culture. Components of Awareness Management are: company health and safety strategy, trainings, programmes and tasks that allow changing behaviours of workers, communication system, audit and other control methods of workers' jobs. Moreover the simple scheme of building of the safety strategy in the enterprise was presented too. In a production plant the hygiene and safety management system as a whole is based on the continuous improvement concept i.e. plan, do, check, act (the Deming cycle). In the paper, the steelworks was used like a study case. The health and safety management system is crucial in the management of a steelworks plant. It affects both economic (work efficiency growth) and social factors (employees satisfaction). A safe workplace (with a low accident rate) contributes to profit growth and competitiveness of a company. An important objective of health and safety management is to minimize the number of accidents and prevent them by identifying and eliminating the most dangerous spots on the site. Health and safety at work is a set of legal regulations and research, organizational and technical measures aimed at the creation of such working environment that would not expose a worker's health or life to the hazards present in the work place. In its strategy a modern steelworks plant should take into account health and safety issues. The safety policy along with the hygiene and safety management system should be an integral part of its management process. Each worker's activities should be realized properly (according to instructions, procedures and other documents). The establishment of the health and safety management system requires a safety policy and builds the workers' awareness. The protection of employees' health is the key elements of modern management in the enterprises because employees and their engagement build the market organization. A safe workplace (with a low accident rate) contributes to profit growth and competitiveness of a company. The health and safety policy is also a marketing tool for the company to have better position on the market.
3
Content available remote Zarządzanie bezpieczeństwem i środowiskiem
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PL
W artykule przedstawiono problematykę zarządzania bezpieczeństwem i środowiskiem jako podstawowy kierunek działalności Katedry ROZ-8. Zwrócono uwagę na związek między bezpieczeństwem i środowiskiem. Omówiono działalności dydaktyczną i naukową Katedry Zarządzania Środowiskiem i Bezpieczeństwem w zakresie naukowym i dydaktycznym oraz przedstawiono jej misję, którą jest ochrona życia, zdrowia, mienia i środowiska.
EN
The article presents problems of the environmental and safety management as fundamental activity of Department of Environmental and Safety Management. There are discussed science problems and didactic activities and the mission of the Department. Our mission is life, health, property and environmental protection.
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Content available remote Safety management and event-based safety culture assessment
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The absence of any requirements for safety management in German nuclear regulations resulted in the need to develop regulatory guidance in which the requirements for safety management systems are systematically compiled and was issued in 2004. In this context, also safety culture has to be assessed. For that purpose a single method has been developed on the assumption that root cause analyses of incidents or occurrences in nuclear power plants give indications of deficiencies in safety culture. An example of the application of this method will be shown.
PL
Zarząd Katowickiego Holdingu Węglowego SA, realizując politykę dostosowania do warunków rynkowych, wprowadził w swoim przedsiębiorstwie normy z serii ISO 9000, ISO 14000 oraz serii PN N 18000. W roku 2004 zintegrowano systemy serii ISO 9000 i ISO 14000, a w roku 2005 nastąpiło zintegrowanie istniejącego systemu zarządzania bezpieczeństwem. KHW SA jest prekursorem wdrożenia tych systemów w przemyśle wydobywczym węgla kamiennego i jako pierwszy przystąpił do ich integracji. W artykule omówiono korzyści z funkcjonowania Zintegrowanego Systemu, dzięki któremu poprawiono jakość zarządzania produkcją, uwzględniającego wszelkie zasady ochrony śro-dowiska oraz bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy.
EN
The Managerial Board of Katowice Coal Holding, realising a policy of adjustment to market conditions, implemented within the company standards of the series ISO 9000, ISO 14000 and the series PNN 18000. In 2004 an integrated system of the series ISO 9000 and ISO 14000, and in 2005 integration of the existing safety management system. The Katowice Coal Holding is a forerunner in implementation of these systems in hard coal industry and started their integration as the first one. The article discuses advantages of functioning of the Integrated System thanks to which the quality of production management has been improved taking into account all principles of environment protection and work safety and hygiene.
EN
The paper presents an algorithm of recommended waterway parameters determination based on relationships derived from actual empirical research (a combination of PIANC and Canadian methods). These relationships are mostly discontinuous functions (e.g.: of ship type variable, speed, method of determining the position, etc.), which can be approximated by continuous spline functions. Application built in the C# allows determining the recommended minimum width of the waterway, width increase due to the accuracy of the vessel positioning method, and the radius of waterway bends for the five input variables of the ship and from ten to sixteen input variables of the area.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono algorytm wyznaczenia zalecanych parametrów toru wodnego oparty o pozyskane z badań rzeczywistych zależności empiryczne (kombinacja metody PIANC i kanadyjskiej). Zależności te są przeważnie funkcjami nieciągłymi (np. zmiennej typu statku, prędkości, metody określenia pozycji itd.), które można aproksymować ciągłymi funkcjami sklejanymi. Zbudowana aplikacja w środowisku C# umożliwia wyznaczenie zalecanej minimalnej szerokości toru, powiększenia szerokości ze względu na dokładność okre-ślenia pozycji statku oraz promienia łuku zakola dla pięciu zmiennych wejściowych statku i od dziesięciu do szesnastu zmiennych wejściowych akwenu.
EN
The paper presents a method of recommended waterway parameters determination, based on modified relationships derived from actual empirical research - the authors’ combination of PIANC and Canadian deterministic methods and stochastic relationships). These relationships are mostly discontinuous functions (e.g. of ship type variable, speed, method of determining the position, etc.), which can be approximated by continuous spline functions. Application built in C# allows determining the recommended minimum width of the waterway, the width increase due to the accuracy of the vessel positioning method, and the minimum radius of waterway bends. The results can be further utilized in the Decision Support System for Water Transport Safety.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza prowadząca do określenia modelu i koniecznych wymagań systemu zarządzania bezpieczeństwem procesowym, który odnosi się do sprawy zapobiegania poważnym awariom przemysłowym.Podstawą do wyspecyfikowania powyższych wymagań były: - przepisy nowej Ustawy Prawo Ochrony Środowiska; - wytyczne Dyrektywy 96/82/EC z 9 grudnia 1996 (tzw. Seveso II), na których wzorowano się przygotowując polskie przepisy w zakresie poważnych awarii; - oczekiwania różnych zainteresowanych stron; - elementy normatywnych systemów zarządzania jakością, ochroną środowiska oraz bezpieczeństwem zawodowym i higieną pracy.
EN
A subject of the paper is the analysis leading to the determination of a model and necessary requirements of the process safety management system, which refers to the problems of prevention of major hazards. A basis for the specification of the above requirements were: - regulations of the new Law of Environmental Protection, which obliges the operator of hazardous establishment to develop and implement a safety system being part of a general management system; - mainlines of Directive 96/82/EC of 9 December 1996 (the so-called. Seveso II), which were the basis for preparing Polish regulations on major hazards; - expectations of different stakeholders: - managers of the mayor risk plant, people exposed to potential consequences of a serious failure, organs adjudicating on admittance of economic activity and control bodies, investors, representatives of banks and insurance companies, experts in management and safety; -elements of standard management systems of duality, environmental protection, occupational health and safety.
9
Content available Developing procedures for hazard identification
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EN
The reliable operation of critical infrastructure has a direct impact on the energy security of country. Due to the complexity and vastness of such system it is exposed to various types of events that could lead to failure. These risks may result directly from the operation and also be the result of external factors. Especially dangerous are the undesirable events with incidental character or unlikely events that constitute a serious threat to people and the environment and resulting in significant loss.
EN
In petroleum operations, the safety management and the uncertainty management have traditionally been completely separated functions. The two disciplines are to large extent based on different scientific pillars and it has been difficult to obtain an integrated approach. However, the recent introduction of risk perspectives highlighting the uncertainty component of risk has provided an improved basis for development of such an approach. By seeing risk as the two-dimensional concept covering events and consequences on the one hand side and uncertainties on the other, the content and boundaries of risk assessments are changed. The gap between the two disciplines can to large extent be bridged. The purpose of the present paper is to present and discuss an integrated framework for these disciplines and traditions, based on this risk perspective. An example is included to show the practical implications of the framework.
PL
Przedstawiono korzyści wynikające ze stosowania procedur, instrukcji i list kontrolnych zalecanych przez Kodeks ISM. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na błędy pojawiające się w tych dokumentach oraz zaproponowano rozwiązanie eliminujące to zjawisko.
EN
The advantages of using the procedures, instructions and check lists recommended by the ISM Code are presented in the paper. Special attention was paid to errors appearing in those documents. A solution is proposed to eliminate such errors.
EN
Safety and quality management are very important elements of managing production and service processes. It is important not only to manage in itself, but above all to constantly improve processes and constantly strive for excellence. However, continuous improvement of the organization is one of the key principles of quality management, it states that improvement can be obtained from the analysis of existing processes or measurement results. In this paper the level of occupational health and safety in european enterprises providing transport and logistics services in terms of quality management principles. On the basis of the presented results it was found that in large enterprises safety management principles are respected, while in small and medium enterprises the level of safety does not look very promising. An interesting phenomenon was observed in the case of micro-enterprises (family businesses). Research shows that employees know and adhere to the safety principle, but they do not see too much change in improving the level of safety.
13
Content available remote The ship’s dynamic under keel clearance as an element of port safety management
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EN
The safety of a ship manoeuvring within a port area mainly depends on its under keel clearance. In many cases there is a need to accommodate ships larger than those the port has been designed for. This can be achieved by modernizing some components of port water areas or by changing operating conditions. This article will examine the components of some methods of under keel clearance determination. Their verification has been proposed.
EN
This study addresses the issues of water management safety management in the context of shaping the appropriate level of municipal services in Poland, related to quality standards and the availability of water resources for enterprises and the local community. The literature review presents examples of activities concerning the evaluation of the quality and availability of groundwater and their suitability for domestic and commercial use in the world. The key parameters of water intended for human consumption, which affect its quality, have been selected based on the literature and the Polish standards set out in the regulation. On this basis, appropriate parameters for case-study research were selected. In the following, the analytical methods and tools used to assess water quality were characterized. In the case study example, the analysis of water parameters from selected three different intakes in 2015-2017 (Tęczowa, Stodoły and GPW Rybnik-Północ) was performed and the functioning and role of the internal Water and Sewage Laboratory in the safety management of water economy in the water and sewerage company has been presented.
EN
In the analysis of the operation of critical infrastructure systems it is important to perform the analysis of the safety of the operation. The daily operation of such systems is inherently associated with the occurrence of various types of random undesirable events. Therefore, in the paper the methods used in the analysis of the risk of threats in critical infrastructure systems within the Baltic Sea, were presented.
16
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The issue of the information safety management in enterprises was characterized. The research of literature was conducted with the aim to present different defini-tions of the concept of information. The importance and the role of information for enterprises was defined. The approach of organizational units to the process of establishment of the safety management information system was presented. The role and importance of risk management and the estimation of risk in the information safety process was determined and the threats resulting from the use of social networking websites were discussed. It was attempted to find the reasons for the passive approach of enterprises to ensure the safety of information. It was shown that enterprises prefer savings over the safety of information and they often make investments in a situation when the information is already lost or another incident occurred that adversely affected their operation.
17
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EN
Risk management is an activity which integrates recognition of risk, risk assessment, developing strategies to manage it, and mitigation of risk using managerial resources. Some traditional risk managements are focused on risks stemming from physical or legal causes (e.g. natural disasters or fires, accidents, death). Financial risk management, on the other hand, focuses on risks that can be managed using traded financial instruments. Objective of risk management is to reduce different risks related to a pre-selected domain to an acceptable. It may refer to numerous types of threats caused by environment, technology, humans, organizations and politics. The paper describes the different steps in the risk management process which methods are used in the different steps, and provides some examples for risk and safety management.
18
Content available Safety Management in a Relationship-Oriented Culture
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EN
A relationship-oriented culture predominates in the Greater China region, where it is more important than in Western countries. Some characteristics of this culture influence strongly the organizational structure and interactions among members in an organization. This study aimed to explore the possible influence of relationships on safety management in relationship-oriented cultures. We hypothesized that organizational factors (management involvement and harmonious relationships) within a relationship-oriented culture would influence supervisory work (ongoing monitoring and task instructions), the reporting system (selective reporting), and teamwork (team communication and co-ordination) in safety management at a group level, which would in turn influence individual reliance complacency, risk awareness, and practices. We distributed a safety climate questionnaire to the employees of Taiwanese high-risk industries. The results of structural equation modeling supported the hypothesis. This article also discusses the findings and implications for safety improvement in countries with a relationship-oriented culture.
PL
W pracy podjęto problem zagrożeń w procesie eksploatacji dźwignic na obiektach oceanotechnicznych. Na przykładzie żurawi przeładunkowych instalowanych na platformach wiertniczych omówiono zagadnienie zarządzania bezpieczeństwem eksploatacyjnym. Sformułowano tezę, że szczególną rolę w utrzymaniu poziomu bezpieczeństwa pełni człowiek. Na przykładzie danych statystycznych określono typowe przyczyny wypadków oraz ich możliwe konsekwencje tak w zakresie strat ludzkich, jak i materialnych. Przedstawiono obszary działań prowadzących do ograniczania strat.
EN
In this work the problem of exploitation safety management of offshore cranes was taken under consideration. The statement that the exceptional meaning as far as keeping the safety level is concerned is addressed to the human factor was formulated. Using the examples of statistical data the typical causes of accidents and their possible consequences were determined equally in range of human and material loses. The areas of activities leading to minimization of the loses were presented.
20
Content available Safety management in the age of internet threats
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EN
Contemporary world brings people more and more dangers. Creation of the Internet made it even easier to harm other users without consequences. However we still can do something about it. We can learn how to protect ourselves in the network. That is why it is so important to disseminate the main goals of safety management while using Internet. The paper presents main dangers awaiting for network users – both the youngest and the older ones, such as cyberbullying or phishing. The authors also point to the more frequent Internet addiction. The main goal of this paper is to indicate on how the on-line safety management should look like and how people can protect themselves from the dangers, of which they are sometimes even not aware. Children and adults shall be educated about the dangers in the Internet, and how to avoid them. Only then will they know, how to properly manage their on-line safety.
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