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The reaction of tomato plants carrying Mi-1 gene to different inoculation densities of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949

100%

Ozalp T. , Mistanoglu I. , Devran Z.

nr 2

The response of the Mi-1 gene to different densities of Meloidogyne incognita race 2 was investigated under controlled conditions. Susceptible and resistant tomato seedlings were inoculated with 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 1000, 2000, 5000 and 10 000 second-stage juveniles of M. incognita. Plants were uprooted 8 weeks after inoculation and the numbers of egg masses and galls on the roots, and second-stage juveniles in 100 g soil per pot were counted. In susceptible plants, there was a correlation between the number of egg masses on roots until 2000 J2 inoculum densities. In resistant plants, when inoculum densities increased, the number of egg masses and galls also increased. The reproduction factor ratio was >1 in the susceptible plant and <1 in the resistant plant. The data showed that the 5000 J2 inoculum was a critical limit, and 10 000 J2s were above threshold for resistant plants. The data indicate that densities of M. incognita can seriously affect the performance of the Mi-1 gene.

Use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria [PGPR] and soil organic amendments for the management of root diseases complex of uridbean

80%

Siddiqui I. A. , Shaukat S. S. , Ehteshamul-Haque S.

2001

tom 54

nr 1

Efficacy of two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa-5 and IE-2) and aBacillus subtilis isolate alone or in conjunction with neem cake or Datura fastuosa was tested for the management of three soilborne root-infecting fungi including Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani and the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica on uridbean. Biocontrol bacteria used in combination with either neem cake or D. fastuosa gave better control of the root-rot and root-knot infection with the enhancement of growth of uridbean compared to the use of either component alone. Neem cake 1 % w/w mixed with P. aeruginosa strain lE-2 caused greatest inhibition of the root-knot development due to M.javanica. P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis used with organic amendment also increased Bradyrhizobium-nodules in the root system.

Skuteczność dwóch szczepów Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa-5 i IE-2) oraz izolatu B. subtilis użytego osobno lub łącznie z makuchami nasion drzew Azadirachta indica lub Datura fastuosa badano w stosunku do trzech chorobotwórczych grzybów przeżywających w glebie (Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani i Rhizoctonia solani ) oraz nicienia Meloidogyne javanica na roślinach Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper. Biologiczne zwalczanie bakteriami użytymi łącznie z makuchami A. indica lub D. fastuosa bardziej skutecznie ograniczały porażenie korzeni, a jednocześnie bardziej nasilały wzrost roślin V. mungo w porównaniu do zabiegów, w których użyto je osobno. 1 % makuchu A. indica zmieszany z bakterią P. aeruginosa szczep IE-2 powodował najsilniejsze zahamowanie rozwoju guzowatości korzeni powodowanego przez M. javamca. P. aeruginosa i B. subtilis zwiększały występowanie brodawek Bradyrhizobium na systemie korzeniowym V. mungo.

Growth and yield responses of fifteen cucumber cultivars to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita)

61%

Mukhtar T. , Kayani M. Z.

tom 18

nr 3

Root-knot nematodes have become a grave menace to the lucrative production of cucumber throughout the world. These nematodes are mainly controlled by applying nematicides, but their use is often associated with hazards. Alternatively, the use of nematode resistant cultivars is considered to be innocuous and economically feasible. For their fitness as nematode-suppressive crops, the reduction in growth and yield parameters of these cultivars must be assessed. As there is little documented data about the effects of Meloidogyne incognita on the damage of cucumber, therefore, in the present study, the effects of M. incognita were evaluated on growth and yield parameters of fifteen cucumber cultivars. M. incognita significantly negatively affected the growth and yield parameters of all the cucumber cultivars. Shoot and root lengths and shoot weights of all the cultivars were significantly reduced as a result of nematode infection. Maximum reductions in these parameters were recorded in highly susceptible cultivars followed by susceptible ones, while the reductions were minimal in resistant followed by moderately resistant cultivars. On the contrary, the infection by M. incognita resulted in an increase in root weights of all the cultivars. The increase was found to be the maximum in highly susceptible cultivars followed by susceptible and moderately susceptible cultivars. Likewise, the minimum increase was observed in the resistant cultivars followed by moderately resistant cultivars. Similarly, significant variations in yield parameters among fifteen cucumber cultivars were also recorded as a result of M. incognita infection. In the case of highly susceptible cultivars, the reductions in yield parameters were maximum, whereas the reductions in resistant and moderately resistant cultivars were found to be minimum. As cultivars Long Green, Marketmore, Pioneer-II, Dynasty and Summer Green experienced no significant damage compared to susceptible cucumber cultivars and therefore, they are approved for cultivation in nematode infested soils.