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1

An osteometric study on recent roe deer [Capreolus capreolus L., 1758]

100%

Wustinger J. , Galli J. , Rozpedek W.

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tom 64

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nr 2

97-100

EN

The analysis of the data shows that the growth of roe deer from the eastern part of Greater Poland (Wielkopolska) is very similar to that of specimens from other areas in Poland. A comparison with excavated bone material revealed only slight and fluctuating differences. The roe deer from the areas to the west of Poland are larger and those from the areas to the east of the country are the largest.

2

Onchocerca skrjabini Ruchljadev, 1964, a new parasite of roe deer in Poland

100%

Demiaszkiewicz A. W.

Acta Parasitologica

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1992

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tom 37

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nr 1

EN

Onchocerca skrjabini was found beneath the visceral peritoneum of a roe deer shot in the Borecka Forest. This nematode so far has been observed in red deer and reindeer, hence the roe deer constitutes a new host for this species, recorded in Polish territory for the first time. The morphology of nematodes found in roe deer is described.

3

Growth of European roe deer: patterns and rates

88%

Portier C. , Duncan P. , Gaillard J. M. , Guillon N. , Sempere A. J.

Acta Theriologica

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2000

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tom 45

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nr 1

EN

The aim of this study was to describe the pattern and rates of growth of roe deer fawns up to the age of weaning. Eighteen fawns of Capreolus capreolus (Linnaeus, 1758) raised by their mothers in enclosures grew at decelerating rates after birth, with a monomolecular rather than sigmoid pattern. Bottle rearing modified profoundly the natural pattern of growth, but these fawns caught up with mother-reared fawns by weaning (about six months). There was no evidence for differential investment by the mothers in male and female offspring. Most mother-reared fawns showed an initial, near-linear phase in their first month (10/12 individuals). During this period milk provides all, or nearly all the nutrients; the rates of growth were high (145 g/day), and close to the value observed in a highly productive wild population. The decelerating rate of growth may be a consequence of allocation of resources to movement as these "hider" young become more active; and the monomolecular pattern may be commoner among ungulates than is currently realised.

4

A roe deer from the Pliocene of Hidalgo, central Mexico

75%

Jimenez-Hidalgo E. , Bravo-Cuevas V. M.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2015

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tom 60

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nr 4

EN

Mexican Pliocene cervids are very poorly known. We report on new fossil material of the roe deer Capreolus constantini recovered from the Pliocene Atotonilco El Grande Formation of Santa Maria Amajac, Hidalgo (central Mexico). The specimens were collected from a series of layers of friable to moderately indurated polymictic conglomerate supported by a sandstone-tuffaceous-calcareous matrix. This species was formerly known only from the late Pliocene of Udunga, Russia, thus implying a dispersal event to North America around 4.0 Ma. This cervid is one of the very small number of mammals recorded from the poorly sampled Pliocene temperate deposits of Mexico.

5

The nematode community in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from southern Poland

75%

Kowal J. , Nosal P. , Kornas S. , Basiaga M. , Wajdzik M. , Lesiak M. , Cywicka D.

Annals of Parasitology

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2016

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tom 62

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nr Suppl.

6

The occurrence and distribution of field ecotype of roe-deer in Poland

75%

Kaluzinski J.

Acta Theriologica

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1974

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tom 19

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nr 14-25

7

Enamel Thickness Differs between Field and Forest European Roe Deer Capreolus capreolus

75%

Demesko J. , Kurek M. , Podlaszczuk P. , Markowski J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2020

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tom Vol. 68, nr 1

100--107

EN

Dental enamel is the hardest tissue of the mammalian body, consisting of 96-98% inorganic compound. As the dentition is functionally adapted to diet and feeding behaviour, relative differences in enamel thickness can reflect dietary adaptations. We hypothesize that differences in enamel thickness are related to adaptation for diet associated with habitat quality dwelling of European roe deer Capreolus capreolus. To test this hypothesis, 49 first permanent left lower molars were extracted from the mandible of roe deer (from Lithuania – 28 and Poland – 21 molars) inhabiting two type of habitats: field and forest. The linear thickness of total enamel (mean value of enamel thickness measured at three different points) was found to differ between the roe deer from the field and forest habitats, irrespective of age, with the animals of field ecotype tend to have thinner enamel (F(1,26) = 6.845, P = 0.025). This suggests that there is an adaptation in enamel thickness to various types of diet in the field and forest habitat. On the other hand, roe deer from the field habitat can be also more exposed to stress, due to the lower possibility to hide or are more vulnerable to potential threats. More frequent exposure to stress can significantly disrupt ameloblasts secretion and thus affect the thickness of the enamel.

8

Primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma in roe deer - a case report

75%

Bednarski M. , Wimonc M. , Kolenda R. , Wleklinski E. , Krol D. , Houszka M.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2019

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tom 75

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nr 06

EN

Lung adenocarcinoma develops after the neoplastic transformation of pneumocytes or bronchial epithelium. It is chronic and slowly progressive in nature and the clinical signs are only seen in cases that have developed tumours of considerable size. There has been no report of lung adenocarcinoma in game animals. This case study reports a lung adenocarcinoma in a 4-year-old dead roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from the Forest District Piaski, Greater Poland Province of Poland. During necropsy, a large mass measuring 15 × 20 cm was found in the caudal lobe of the right lung. The tumour was of grey or pinkish-grey colour, solid texture and had a clear delineation between the affected and non-affected areas. In the remaining lobes, numerous small nodules of 2-20 mm in diameter with a similar structure were found. A great deal of mucoid and mucopurulent fluid throughout the bronchial tree was observed. The thoracic lymph nodes were found enlarged. The histological analysis identified the large mass found as bronchoalveolar papillary lung adenocarcinoma. The PCR for JSRV was performed and the result was negative. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the lung adenocarcinoma in a roe deer.

9

Effect of roe buck removal on marking intensity

75%

Johansson A.

Acta Theriologica

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2000

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tom 45

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nr 1

EN

An experiment was performed in a roe deer Capreolus capreolus (Linnaeus, 1758) population to assess the effect of a large-scale removal of adult males on the intensity of marking behaviour. Rubs and scrapes were censused in two 150-ha areas, one experimental and one control, in southeastern Sweden in May 1991 and 1992. In the experimental area, 14 males (50% of total number, 11 > 3 yrs) were culled during mid-August 1991. Removed males were replaced by the following season. Despite this, the number of scrapes, but not the number of rubs, was significantly fewer in the experimental area in May 1992 as compared to the control. This reduction could be due to a late arrival of replacement males, which would explain why the reduction involved scrapes rather than rubs, as scraping activity starts several weeks before rubbing. To cull adult males between territorial seasons is thus not an effective way to reduce rubbing intensity, and hence damages, on young forest plantations.

10

Breeding strategies and genetic variation in European roe deer Capreolus capreolus populations

75%

Kurt F. , Hartl G. B. , Volk F.

Acta Theriologica. Supplement

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1993

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tom 38

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nr 2

EN

Based on previously published electrophoretic data on genetic variability in 31 roe deer Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758 populations, the proportion of loci polymorphic (P), average heterozygosity (H), and the inbreeding coefficient (FIS) were examined for relationships with the social structure displayed in the various populations. Our hypothesis was that genetic variability is lower and FIS-values are more positive in populations where males maintain a stable pattern of territories during the rutting season (forest dwelling roe deer) than in those characterized by pronounced fluctuations in population structure, both within and among seasons (field or mountain dwelling roe deer). P and H did not show differences among those two groups. FIS was significantly more positive in the 'forest' roe deer than in the more migratory 'type', but only when populations subjected to high culling rates were excluded from the analysis. Highly negative FIS-values in forest populations with high culling rates suggested that considerable perturbations of population structure may be caused by hunting. In conclusion, the 'forest' roe deer and the 'field' roe deer do not represent two distinct ecotypes with a particular genetic integrity, but rather reflect the considerable behavioural plasticity of the species.

11

Grouping in roe deer: an effect of habitat openness or cover distribution?

75%

San J. C. , Lovari S. , Ferrari N.

Acta Theriologica

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1997

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tom 42

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nr 2

EN

Counts of roe deer Capreolus capreolus (Linnaeus, 1758) were conducted in the open fields of two reserves in Siena county (central Italy). Area A and area B were characterized by different indices of wood dispersion (0.8 and 1.6 respectively). Solitary roe deer were seen significantly more often in area B (open fields: 80%) than in area A (open fields: 48%). Males were significantly more solitary than females in both areas. Group size varied throughout the year, showing similar tendencies in both sexes and areas. The differences in deer concentration between areas appeared to depend on the distribution pattern of woodland more than proportion of open habitat.

12

Changes in the intensity of infection of the roe deer, Capreolus capreolus L., with abomasum nematodes in relation to host density in a hunting ground

75%

Drozdz J. , Dudzinski W.

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nr 1

EN

For the study 19 roebucks of the same age (1-3 years), shot in May 1960 and 1990 in Rogów, were used. During this thirty year period, many changes took place in the density of the roe deer population and in the manner of their taking, as well as in the species composition of cervids living together. The list of species of nematodes found in roe deer in this territory was enriched in 1990 with Ostertagia antipini and Spiculopteragia dagestanica, typical parasites of elk. Increase of the red deer population in the forests of Rogów did not influence the nematode fauna of the abomasum of roe deer in this hunting ground. However, the high increase of roe deer density in Rogów in 1990 (area B), as compared with 1960, significantly influenced the prevalence of infection with Trichostrongylus axei, T. capricola and Haemonchus contortus. The differences between mean intensities of infection of particular nematode species from the subfamily Ostertagiinae in 1960 and 1990 were insignificant. A distinct influence on the intensity of infection of many nematode species was exerted by the manner of taking roe deer, considerably different in area A and В (1990). In strongly exploited area A, the intensity of T. axei, T. capricola and H. contortus considerably decreased. This concerned especially the mean intensity of infection with H. contortus, which decreased in area A by forty-two times in comparison with area B.

13

Do male roe deer clump together during the rut?

75%

Melis C. , Cagnacci F. , Lovari S.

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nr 2

EN

Movement s an d habitat use of 7 male and 7 female roe deerCapreolus capreolus (Linnaeus, 1758) were studied by radioteleme try from March 1999 to February 2001. Annual and bimonthly home ranges of males were small (ca 10 ha, 95% kernel), with large overlap among individuals throughout the year. Exclusive core areas (ca 0.4 ha, 25% kernel) were concentrated in the forest, a limited and sought-after resource in the study area. The difference in overlap between male exclusive core areas and female home ranges in the pre-rut and rut periods suggested that females made excursions to search for territorial males during the rut Our results support the mating strategy hypothesis of territorial behaviour Different space use patterns occurred between the sexes, with females apparently playing an active role in mate choice by visiting males at clumps of core areas in the forest.

14

Coronary arteries of the roe deer [Capreolus capreolus; Linnaeus 1758] heart

75%

Frackowiak H. , Jasiczak K. , Pluta K. , Godynicki S.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2007

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tom 10

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nr 2

EN

A study of the coronary arteries of the roe deer heart was performed on 21 hearts of animals of both sexes and various ages. The roe deer heart is supplied by two arteries: the left coronary artery and the right coronary artery. The left coronary artery arises from the left aortic sinus and forms a short common trunk. The left coronary artery reaches the coronary groove, then divides into the paraconal interventricular branch and the circumflex branch. The circumflex branch gives off several branches to the left ventricle wall and terminates in the subsinuosal interventricular groove as the subsinuosal interventricular branch. The right coronary artery is less pronounced than the left coronary artery. It arises from the right aortic sinus and enters the coronary groove as the right circumflex branch. We found the left arterial cone branch in 75% and the right arterial cone branch in 80% of the cases investigated. The coronary arteries of the heart run subepicardially. In 9 cases we found muscular bridges over the coronary arteries, mostly on the paraconal interventricular branch. In conclusion we affirm the left type of the arterial vascularisation in the roe deer heart.

15

Polichlorinated biphenyls [PCBs] in the adipose tissue of wild boars and roe-deer in the Region of Warmia and Mazuria

75%

Zasadowski Z.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1994

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tom 03

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nr 2

EN

This paper presents the results of studies on the content of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the fat of wild boars and roe-deer shot in the region of Warmia and Mazuria during the 1993 hunting season. PCB levels in the adipose tissue of these animals were relatiely low. The average PCB content in wild boar fat was 21.8 μg/kg, and in roe-deer 9.7 μg/kg. PCB content was below 15 μg/kg in the majority of wild boar fat samples, and below 7 μg/kg in the case of roe-deer.

16

Variation in the fecundity of roe deer in Britain: effects of age and body weight

75%

Hewison A. J. M.

Acta Theriologica

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1996

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tom 41

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nr 2

EN

This paper investigates variation in female fecundity in relation to effects of age and body weight within and between 15 populations of roe deer Capreolus capreolus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Britain. Analyses were based on carcass material and fecundity was assessed from the presence/absence and number of fertilised ovulations (.corpora lutea) and implanted foetuses. A significant proportion (> 10%) of does ovulated in their first year in some populations, but such precocious reproductive activity rarely resulted in successful implantation of a foetus. Generally, the majority of yearling does (in their second year) conceived successfully, but average potential litter size was lower than among older animals. There was no consistent age-related variation in fecundity among does older than 2 years. Differences in fecundity between age and body weight classes suggest weight thresholds may exist for the onset of puberty and for successful conception as an adult. Fecundity of adults and yearlings was highly variable between populations and in some populations was considerably lower than previously reported for this species. Although differences between populations were correlated with differences in body weight, this relationship was insufficient to explain the wide variation in fecundity across Britain, suggesting fecundity body weight thresholds will be defined independently in separate populations.

17

Particle retention in the forestomach of a browsing ruminant, the roe deer Capreolus capreolus

75%

Clauss M. , Lechner-Doll M. , Behrend A. , Lason K. , Lang D. , Streich W. J.

Acta Theriologica

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2001

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tom 46

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nr 1

EN

A combination of a flotation/sedimentation experiment and sieve analysis for the reticulorumen (RR) contents of roe deer Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758, a browsing ruminant, showed that there was no correlation between particle size and particle density. Large particles were present in both the sedimented and the buoyant fraction, which is in accord with the reported absence of stratification of RR contents in browsing ruminants. Comparative sieve analysis of roe deer RR and caecal/rectal material demonstrated that there must be some selective particle retention in the browsing ruminant as well, as a certain fraction of large particles in RR contents does not occur in the caecal/rectal material. These results lead to the explanatory dilemma that, while selective particle retention is observed, it cannot be due to the mechanisms known to work in grazing ruminants.

18

Wolf food habits and wild ungulate availability in the Foreste Casentinesi National Park, Italy

75%

Mattioli L. , Apollonio M. , Mazzarone V. , Centofanti E.

Acta Theriologica

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1995

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tom 40

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nr 4

EN

We investigated wolf Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 food habits in northern Apennines by examining 240 scats collected between 1988 and 1992. In the same area we also estimated densities of the most common wild ungulates. Wild ungulates were the main prey of the wolf and accounted for more than 92% of both frequencies of occurrence and mean percentage volume. During our study period we observed a decrease in the use of roe deer and an increase in the use of wild boar. Moreover selection of wild boar by wolves increased too, but selection of roe deer decreased by almost 400%, with moderately fluctuating deer densities. The impact of predation was generally greatest on young animals. Roe deer fawns and red deer calves were predated 3.14 and 2.18 times respectively more than available. Wild boar also were predated mainly in their first year but more often from 6 months of age than before.

19

Histomorphometric, fractal and lacunarity comparative analysis of sheep (Ovis aries), goat (Capra hircus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) compact bone samples

63%

Gudea A. I. , Stefan A. C.

Folia Morphologica

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2013

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tom 72

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nr 3

EN

Quantitative and qualitative studies dealing with histomorphometry of the bone tissue play a new role in modern legal medicine/forensic medicine and archaeozoology nowadays. This study deals with the differences found in case of humerus and metapodial bones of recent sheep (Ovis aries), goat (Capra hircus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) specimens, both from a qualitative point of view, but mainly from a quantitative perspective. A novel perspective given by the fractal analysis performed on the digital histological images is approached. This study shows that the qualitative assessment may not be a reliable one due to the close resemblance of the structures. From the quantitative perspective (several measurements performed on osteonal units and statistical processing of data), some of the elements measured show significant differences among 3 species (the primary osteonal diameter, etc.). The fractal analysis and the lacunarity of the images show a great deal of potential, proving that this type of analysis can be of great help in the separation of the material from this perspective. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 3: 239–248)

20

Allozyme variability and differentiation in Serbian roe deer populations Capreolus capreolus

63%

Milosevic-Zlatanovic S. , Crnobrnja-Isailovic J. , Stamenkovic S.

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tom 50

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nr 4

429-444

EN

The present study investigates the genetic structure of 12 roe deerCapreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758 population samples from Serbia, by screening a total of 334 individuals. We examined whether genetic differentiation exists in local populations in Serbia, and addressed the question whether management policies may affect genetic structure. The populations were analysed by multilocus protein electrophoresis, with 33 protein loci examined. Screening of 20 enzymes and one group of general proteins revealed polymorphism at the following 12 loci: Sdh, Mdh-1, Me-1, Idh-2, 6-Pgd-1,αGpd, Ak, Pgm-1, Pgm-2, Ca, Mpi andGpi. Among samples, the proportion of polymorphic loci varied between 3–15.2% (mean 11.9%), while the average gene diversity was in the range of 1.1–4.2%. The overall genetic differentiation was low (θ = 0.03). The comparison of two regional population groups (northern-southern, separated by the Danube River) showed an absence of genetic differentiation between regions. Gene flow was estimated at 8.96 migrants per generation, and was higher in the lowland than in the highland group. Three loci (Ca, 6-Pgd andGpd-1) showed clinal variation along a geographical gradient. Additional five alleles of four loci (Ak, Pgm-1, Gpi, 6-Pgd) showed significant spatial autocorrelation. Genetic distances were small (D = 0–0.004). Northern and southern populations clustered separately. For at least three populations game management practices provide evidence for outlying genetic parameters. The observed heterogeneity in the inbreeding level was deemed more under the influence of non-random mating strengthened by game management, than by overall selective pressure.