In the recent years, several digital watermarking applications have been developed for copyright protection of digital images. In this article we have tested how they perform in practical applications. We have identified the most common operations performed by professional photographers and web developers, and tested the robustness of watermarks embedded using the applications for copyright watermarking. Our aim was to prove that commercially available software does not meet the requirements of photography and web industry. We have also identified areas in which the software should be improved in order to meet current and future requirements of the industry.
Recently, a variety of digital watermarking schemes have been developed for copyright protection of digital images. In robust watermarking, which is used in copyright protection, transform-based algorithms are used to ensure resilience of the watermark to common signal processing attacks. The most frequently used watermarking algorithms for additive watermark embedding involve DCT, DFT, SVD and DWT domains. In this article we verify which domain is optimal for robust, the additive watermark embedding scheme. We demonstrate that in additive watermark embedding the embedding domain plays more important role than the embedding formula.
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A robust watermarking technique for image content authentication is proposed. The scheme is robust to minor modifications resulting from legitimate image processing operations. At the same time, the modifications affecting image content are classified as forgery attacks by the proposed scheme. Simulation results are given for intentional modifications (i.e., forgery attacks) as well as unintentional modifications in the presence of different noise environments, including the coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing which is used in 5G networks, to prove the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. A security analysis of the proposed watermarking scheme is given in the end.
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