Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Power Rivalry in the Post-Soviet Space in Political and Military Domain

100%

Włodkowska-Bagan A. , Kopcewicz G. , Olszanecka N. , Urbański D. , Piechowiak-Lamparska J. , Bryc A. , Bojarczyk B. , Jorgensen F. A. E. , Niedziołka D. , Pacześniak A. , Potorski R. , Wincławska M. , Włodkowska-Bagan A. , Jeran A. , Mol A. , Solsbery A. , Dąbrowska I. , Głodkowski M. , Kopcewicz G. , Olszanecka N. , Piechowiak-Lamparska J.

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nr 2 (2)

PL

Since the mid-90s the Russian Federation has remained the most important player in the CIS region. It has the greatest potential of instruments which can be used towards the post-Soviet states in political and military domain to maintain and maybe even broaden its influence in its former colonies. It seems that Iran has the least potential to employ. Its situation is the most complex one because of Western and Turkish concerns not only about fundamentalism export to the Muslim post-Soviet countries but also the disturbing issues not directly connected with the CIS region – Iranian nuclear program, its backing for terrorist organization in the Middle East, its anti-Israeli position and Teheran engagement in the Syrian conflict.Full text: http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/czasopismo/589/?idno=14762

2

Shopping Centers as Elements of the Functional and Spatial Structures of Cities. Location, Impact, Change Tendencies, Development Perspectives

88%

Rochmińska A.

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nr 2(48)

55-65

EN

The appearance of large-surface complexes has led to the creation of new trade, service and entertainment centers in cities; these complexes have an impact on their surroundings. Due to the large scale of the phenomenon, it is important to determine the zones and nature of this influence, discuss the problem of the relationship between a shopping center and a city, and the tendencies and perspectives of development of shopping centers. A shopping center competes with its home city for the attractive urban and suburban areas and the dominating role, especially in terms of a trade, service and public space. On the other hand, it coexists with the city by releasing/regaining lands that have been degraded and contributes to improvements in transport. The development of shopping centers throughout the world occurs on a quantitative level — with varying dynamics, but still their number increases, and, importantly, on a qualitative level — since their new forms with altered offers emerge. Changes observed should be noteworthy to all Polish policy-makers when making well-thought-out decisions regarding locations. Local authorities need to realize that the permits they issue influence more than the changes in the functional and spatial structure of a city or commune.

PL

Pojawienie się wielkopowierzchniowych kompleksów doprowadziło do wykreowania w miastach nowych ośrodków handlowo-usługowo-rozrywkowych oddziałujących na otoczenie. W związku z dużą skalą zjawiska ważne jest zastanowienie się nad strefami i charakterem ich oddziaływania, nad problemem relacji centrum handlowego z miastem oraz nad tendencjami i perspektywami ich rozwoju. Centra handlowe z jednej strony rywalizują z miastem o atrakcyjne przestrzenie miejskie/podmiejskie, o dominującą rolę szczególnie w przestrzeni handlowo-usługowej i publicznej. Z drugiej strony koegzystują z miastem uwalniając/odzyskując dla niego zdegradowane obszary przyczyniając się również do zastosowania lepszych rozwiązań transportowych. Rozwój centrów handlowych zachodzi nadal w wymiarze ilościowym — na świecie z różną dynamiką, ale tego typu kompleksów przybywa oraz w wymiarze jakościowym — powstają nowe formuły o zmienionej ofercie. Obserwowane zmiany powinny być przesłanką dla decydentów w Polsce przy podejmowaniu bardziej przemyślanych decyzji lokalizacyjnych. Władze samorządowe muszą zdawać sobie sprawę, że wydawane przez nich pozwolenia mają wpływ na zmiany struktury funkcjonalno-przestrzennej miasta/gminy.

3

The Concept of Strategic Partnership as an Input in the Modern Alliance Theory

75%

Czechowska L. , Kopcewicz G. , Olszanecka N. , Urbański D. , Piechowiak-Lamparska J. , Bryc A. , Bojarczyk B. , Jorgensen F. A. E. , Niedziołka D. , Pacześniak A. , Potorski R. , Wincławska M. , Włodkowska-Bagan A. , Jeran A. , Mol A. , Solsbery A. , Dąbrowska I. , Głodkowski M. , Kopcewicz G. , Olszanecka N. , Piechowiak-Lamparska J.

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nr 2 (5)

PL

The article is devoted to a new institution of the international political relations – the strategic partnership. The author analysis the realities of the foreign policy conducted in the first decade of the 21st century and takes a side in the discussion between the neoliberals and the neorealists on the states’ natural tendency to rivalry or cooperation. Settling her concept in the framework of the realists theory of alliances, the author describes the condition of research on the issue and differentiates between the sensu stricte and sensu largo alliance, moving closer the wider understanding of the term. The core of the essay, though, is the presentation of a perfect model of the researched institution. Therefore, the author presents and justifies her own definition and sets constitutive features of the material strategic partnership.Full text: http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/czasopismo/589/?idno=14760

4

French-Russian Rivalry in Africa

75%

Bartosiewicz A.

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tom 40(40)

40-62

EN

The Franco-Russian rivalry intensified after Vladimir Putin came to power. Russia began to increase its presence in Africa during this period. The main area of the competition is the Sahel region, where Paris’s influence now dominates. The Russians are acting to build a dominant position, which threatens French interests. The author in this work will present not only the current rivalry, but also the origins of the presence and importance of both powers on the African continent. The aim of this work is to show what areas of contention exist between Moscow and Paris and where the main points of gravity of the rivalry are located. Identify Russian and French interests in Africa and the possibility of citing countries in the sub-Saharan region and the Sahel. Military presence and support seem to be a leading force for creating influence in this sensitive area of the world. The author based his considerations on the following research methods: source analysis, literature of the subject, comparative method, process tracking and case-oriented research, and qualitative data analysis. The competition is pragmatic. Access to Africa’s large natural resources and the use of African economic growth and boosting one’s economies are important. Russians have been building their influence for several years. Their presence has no significant historical basis and focuses on gaining access to raw materials, providing support to autocratic governments and arms trafficking.