Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Karl Mannheim’s Sociology of Knowledge versus the Problem of Relativism and The Objectivity of Cognition

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Czerniak S.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2023

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nr 3

81-96

EN

Below I ask whether the theoretical assumptions of the sociology of knowledge imply a subjectivistic and relativistic approach to cognition theory—a matter that has already been discussed in Polish subject literature (among others by Adam Schaff). Does the “social conditioning of cognition” conception propounded by the sociology of knowledge deny the existence of objective truth and adequate knowledge? Karl Mannheim himself called the sociology of knowledge an anti-relativist position. The critics of his anti-relativist argumentation say it is full of ambiguities and contradictions. I will attempt to take a closer look at this problem, and, at the same time, at the relation between Mannheim’s sociology of knowledge project and such measures of the adequacy of knowledge as the coherence and general consensus criterion. The main question I will try to answer is whether the Mannheimian sociology of knowledge project is a form of epistemological relativism (in the specific meaning of the term I use here), and if not, in what sense and to what degree it can be considered a position convergent with the relative truth conception.

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Toward an Interactionist Sociology of Ethnic Relations

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Mucha J.

Polish Sociological Review

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2012

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tom 177

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nr 1

19-38

EN

This text has three parts. In the first, I discuss the presence and absence of the concept of “social relations” in social sciences and focus on “ethnic relations.” Then, I analyse theways inwhich the theoretical problems of ethnic relations are conceptualized in sociology. Finally, I offer my own suggestions. Why is it worth dealing with concepts of interactions and social relations at all, especially with respect to macrosocial phenomena (such as “ethnic issues”)? First, it seems to me that these are some of sociology’s most basic concepts. Second, the relational and interactionist current in contemporary sociology offers some important inspirations relating to the analysis of macrocultural phenomena. I suggest to follow Randall Collins’ ideas and seek the “microfoundations” of macrosocial phenomena in the chains of interaction rituals present at the foundation of society as such. I intend to avoid such a sociological approach to ethnicity which calls all ethnic phenomena “ethnic relations” but in fact deals mainly with individual groups, types of structured ethnic order or attitudes. Actually, ethnic order rests on the interactionist understanding of the social relations between ethnic actors. It is these relations which dynamize social order.

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Problem samodzielności stanowiska strukturalizmu czasoprzestrzennego

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Luty D.

Semina Scientiarum

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2016

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tom 15

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Relational Sociology Paradigms

84%

Manterys A.

Stan Rzeczy

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2017

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nr 1(12) The Relational Turn in Sociology: Implications for the Study of Society, Culture, and Persons

67-94

EN

This article is an analysis of three original variants of relational sociology. Jan A. Fuhse’s conception, which is part of the tradition of social network research, situates network analyses in the context of connections between culture and symbolic forms and styles. Fuhse’s idea involves a communicative base of relations, and he perceives institutions as spheres of communication that reduce uncertainty and activate roles in the process of communication. François Dépelteau’s approach, which is inspired by Dewey’s pragmatism, recognizes transaction fields as configurations of relations forming interdependency between people. The practices of actors entering transactions within social fields are important, and this makes it possible for an impression of continuity, order, and complexity to be created. Pierpaolo Donati’s relational realism is an attempt to describe the relational dimensions of human actions, while at the same time it is a consistent “relationization” of key social categories, and is also useful in understanding after-modernity. This article emphasizes the fruitfulness of new attempts to demarcate sociological genealogies and to read the classics of relational sociology. The author discusses the creation of new puzzles for sociological theory, the necessity of analysing the ontologies of social life, the phenomena of emergency and agency, and the use of relational theory in regard to categories of the common good and social capital. He encourages multidimensional and multilevel analyses of social reality.

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Co robimy, gdy czytamy? – próba modelu (Ratoń, Myśliwski, Gąsiorowski, Latour)

84%

Wołosewicz A.

Prace Literaturoznawcze

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2014

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nr 2

279-299

EN

The article examines the consequences of the process of reading (for example Ratoń, Gąsiorowski and Myśliwski) as the relationship dynamic. This analysis is the starting point to build a model of reading insired by the concept of actor-network (ANT) of Bruno Latour. The results of these procedures is to introduce the concept of the synapse literary and put forwards the thesis that it is possible absorption/transfer in an efficient cognitive concepts Latour on the ground Literature. The article is such an attempt.