The geographical location within the Kashubian region is of particular significance for the symbolic role of mountains and hills in the regional identity building. The most important of them, described in the literature and journalistic writings, are to be found in the current Kashubian language area, mostly in its geographical centre, primarily in Kashubian Switzerland and Kashubian Lake District. The exception is Rowokół, which is not located centrally. This mountain symbolically marks the border of the area in which the Kashubian language is used and which was settled by the Kashubians in the modern period. It even symbolises a retreat of the language as well as the decline of the Slovincian language. However, it is this particular mountain which since the 19th century has been associated with relatively new content mixed with older religious and folk tradition. The mountains and hills appearing in the Kashubian literature in 1880–1930 probably never existed only for themselves and in themselves. They were always part of a broader picture of Kashubia. The contribution offers a typology of four groups of symbolic relevant hills and mountains, accordingly to their function in the Kashubian discourse and tradition: 1. abstract imagination of a “hilly landscape” as typical for the Kashubian country; 2. groups of hills with similar names and connected to similar folklore or literary traditions; 3. unique mountains with special significance for the all-Kashubian discourse; 4. hills as Kashubian places of pilgrimage.
The sociocultural and socioeconomic background of pupils is a determinant for their learning process and it has an effect on their learning success and on how easily pupils are able to master the requirements set by school curricula and how they perform on different measuring tasks. This is the reason why we compare in our paper the reading and mathematics results of the National Competence Measurement 2013 with the English and German language results of the secondary school-leaving exams in foreign languages regarding the same pupils. We analyse the data using the SPSS program and we present the results using the MapInfo program. We examine the effects of pupils’ social background, the interactions of different subjects and their regional projections as well. The pupils’ achievements show the same pattern as the development patterns of different geographical areas in Hungary.
3
Dostęp do pełnego tekstu na zewnętrznej witrynie WWW
Artykuł stanowi dokumentację twórczości miejscowej poetki Teofili Bobko-Jankowskiej (1920–2009) związanej z warmińską miejscowością Biskupiec. Zebrany materiał należy do kategorii badań nad regionalizmem i antropologią literatury polskiej, stanowiąc dokumentację wytworów kultury powstałych w małych strukturach społecznych oraz siły ich społecznego oddziaływania na procesy związane z ochroną kultury w regionie warmińskim po roku 1945. W tym kontekście literatura regionalna i lokalni twórcy kultury wywierają wpływ na możliwości wytwórcze miejscowej kultury, co przekłada się bezpośrednio na rozwój i konsolidację potencjału twórczego kultury miejscowej.
EN
The article documents the work of the local poet Teofila Bobko-Jankowska (1920–2009), who is associated with the Warmian town of Biskupiec. The collected material on the subject falls within the category of studies on regionalism and on the anthropology of Polish literature, documenting the cultural products of small social structures as well as the strength of their social influence on the processes of the preservation of culture in the Warmia region after 1945. In this context, regional literature and local creators of culture influence the expansion of the productive capacities of the local culture, which translates directly into expansion and consolidation of the local culture’s productive potential.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.