Zwalczanie rdzy malwy Puccinia malvacearum oraz wierzby Melampsora epitea prowadzono na roślinach rosnących w gruncie. Po zauważeniu pierwszych skupień zarodnikowania rośliny opryskano 2-krotnie, co 7 dni nawozem Solplant PK w stężeniu 0,5%. Po zakończeniu doświadczenia na malwie kontrolnej stwierdzono 100% chorych liści, podobnie jak na chronionych środkiem Solplant PK. Średnio na liściach roślin kontrolnych stwierdzono prawie 497 telii oraz brak ich zasychania. Na liściach opryskiwanych środkiem Solplant PK stwierdzono 21,7-krotnie mniej formujących się telii aniżeli na roślinach kontrolnych, z których 100% było zbrązowiałych i rozpadających się. Po zakończeniu doświadczenia na wierzbie kontrolnej stwierdzono ponad 82% chorych liści, a na chronionych nawozem Solplant PK 2,5-krotnie mniej. Średnio na liściach roślin kontrolnych stwierdzono prawie 17 uredinii oraz sporadyczne ich zasychanie. Na liściach opryskiwanych nawozem Solplant PK stwierdzono prawie 9,5-krotnie mniej formujących się uredinii aniżeli na roślinach kontrolnych, z których prawie 94% było zbrązowiałych i rozpadających się.
EN
Hollyhock rust Puccinia malvacearum and willow rust Melampsora epitea were controlled on plants growing in the ground. As soon as the first sporulating clusters were noticed, the plants were sprayed twice, 7 days apart, with the fertilizer Solplant PK at a concentration of 0.5%. At the completion of the experiment, 100% of the leaves on the control plants of hollyhock, and also on the plants protected with Solplant PK, were found to be diseased. The leaves of the control plants had an average of almost 497 telia on them and there was no evidence of those clusters drying up. The leaves sprayed with Solplant PK had 21.7 times fewer telia forming on them than on the control plants, all of which were found to turn brown and were falling apart. At the completion of the experiment, more than 82% of leaves on the control plants of willow were found to be diseased, but 2.5 times fewer leaves were affected on the plants protected with the fertilizer Solplant PK. There were on average 17 uredinia on the leaves of the control plants, with some of them dried up here and there. By comparison, there were 9.5 times fewer uredinia forming on the leaves sprayed with Solplant PK than on the control plants, almost 94% of which turned brown and were falling apart.
The Polish energy potential development could in future depend on biomass production. The cultivation area of short rotation willow decreased in last years. One of the main reason was the epidemic occurrence of pests and diseases. The aim of this study was to recognize the main pests and pathogens of short rotation willow and to investigate the possibility of control. Field observation of pests and diseases were conducted in 2007–2009 at Field Experimental Station Winna Góra. Plant protection tests were performed in 2008–2009. The predominant pathogen and the most dangerous was recognized as Melampsora epitae, the casual agent of rust. It could caused plant defoliation and decreased biomass yield. An important disease was also anthracnose, caused by Glomerella cingulata. The pathogen caused leaf necroses and shoot death. Fungicide treatment showed high efficacy in the control of pathogens. The treatment also increased the biomass yield. Among pests the most important were Earias chlorana and Phratora vitellinae. Insecticide treatment reduced leaf damage caused by pests.