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Reduction of Treated Water Use through Application of Rainwater Tanks in Households

100%

Madzia M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2019

tom Vol. 20, nr 9

156--161

The civilization progress entails an increasing demand for water. There are many different technologies for collecting water from alternative sources. An efficient and cost-effective solution is to use small tanks for rainwater runoff from rooftops. In this way, the harvested water can be successfully used to flush toilets, which stands for 30 percent of water consumption in households. The capacity of water tanks depends on the technical and economic possibilities. Using a dual flush system in toilets that allows for both rainwater and mains water usage can lead to a significant reduction in the tank size. In Bielsko-Biała, given its environment, one-family dwellings, a rainwater tank with a capacity of only 0.25 m3 per person and a roof area of 30 m2 per person, it is possible to save almost 80 percent of treated mains water used in toilet flushing. It constitutes over 10 m3 of water per person per year. A nomogram made for choosing the right tank according to the roof area and tank capacity allows assessing the possibilities in terms of drinking water savings in any building in the environment of Bielsko-Biała.

Water Quality of Traditional Rainwater Storage Tanks in Southern Morocco – Risk for Consumer Health

88%

Gougueni H. , Ait Haddou M. , Ez-Zaher L. , Bouchriti Y. , Amiha R. , Boutiti R.

tom Vol. 24, iss. 8

9--21

Around the world, the problems of water quality remain a major environmental concern. This study aimed to determine the health risk related to water consumption collected and stored in traditional tanks. In total, 26 water samples from Traditional Rainwater Storage Tanks (TRST) and 11 sediment samples were collected from 13 sites belonging to four different provinces in the Souss Massa region, Morocco. The water samples were subjected to bacteriological and physicochemical analysis. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope analyses were performed to describe the different mineralogical and chemical properties of sediments. The results show that the bacteriological quality is not satisfactory to the required standards in 92% of the samples analyzed. This non-conformity is justified by the presence of microorganism’s indicators of fecal contamination: Total Coliforms (54%), Intestinal Enterococci (62%), Escherichia coli (31%), and Spores of anaerobic sulfite-reducing microorganisms (46%). The physicochemical analyses carried out on the water sampled show that concentrations below the standards recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Moroccan standard of the different parameters studied. The Water Quality Index (WQI) calculated for all TRST ranges from 10 to 15, indicating excellent water quality. The analysis of the distribution of minerals in the various sediment samples taken shows the presence of several minerals in varying quantities without risk to human health. Clay minerals with tectosilicate are the most detected in the reservoirs. This study showed that the consumption of water stored in the TRST would be without risk to the health of the rural population if preventive maintenance and control measures were taken to improve their bacteriological quality.

Jak gromadzić I wykorzystywać wodę deszczową?

75%

Ryńska J.

Izolacje

2024

tom T. 29, nr 9

46--48

W ostatnich latach rośnie popularność tzw. małej retencji - rozwiązań do zatrzymywania wód opadowych w miejscu ich powstania, np. na posesjach inwestorów i indywidualnych. Zainteresowaniu temu sprzyja nie tylko coraz większa świadomość ekologiczna i chęć oszczędzania wody pitnej, ale także względy praktyczne.