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1 2013

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Rola stanów w powstaniu i działalności publicznych domów resocjalizacyjnych na Pomorzu Zachodnim na przełomie XVIII–XIX wieku

100%

Szultka Z.

2013

nr 2

47-57

The research done so far into the problems of the poor and into begging and vagrancy in the 19th century in Western Pomerania has indicated that the state’s role in eliminating these phenomena was dominant and indisputable. It is possible that this thesis is true for the whole 19th century, but as it seems at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries the state’s role in solving the problems of the poor is defi nitely overestimated, whereas the role of the Pomeranian social estates (classes) underestimated. Formally, the governing body over the West-Pomeranian public correction centres or rather establishments of forced labour, which were created in 1799, was the Genera Directorate. The Centres were managed partly by a state’s body (Pomeranian War and Treasury Chamber), and partly by estate bodies: local parliament (das Kollegium of the Landrats) and the Landrats of the Counties, where the Centres were established in April 1799; the latter covered the main costs of the functioning of the centres. The Hinterpommern (Farther Pomerania) centre was located in Szczecinek, and the Vorpommern one – in Uckermünde. The situation of both centres were discussed by the gatherings of the estates not only in 1799, but in 1804–1805 and in 1809 as well. All these facts prove that the Pomeranian estates participated actively in the creation of the Pomeranian public correction or rehabilitation centres, and later in their functioning at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries.