This paper introduces a 3D woven fabric-based approach for the development of pressure switch. A fabric substrate, being elastic and extendable is very useful in addition to its high breaking strength and low cost. The developed resistive-type switch is based on the multilayer interlock 3D fabrics. In the top and bottom layers, certain number of conductive yarns are woven separated by cotton yarns in both transversal and thickness direction. Application of pressure makes the layers of conductive yarn to come in contact, resulting in a short circuit, which may be recorded using multi-meters. Removing the pressure cause the connection points to separate away and it depends on the weave design. Such switch can be used as an on/off switch for usage in security systems, can be sewn into carpets and wearable garments for a number of purposes.
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‘The smart textiles’ concept has to develop products based not only on design, fashion and comfort but also in terms of functions. The novel electro-textiles in the market open up new trends in smart and interactive gadgets. ‘Easy to care and durability’ properties are among the most important features of these products. On the other hand, wearable electronic knitwear has been gaining the attention of both researchers and industrial sectors. Combining knitting technology with electronics may become a dominant trend in the future because of the wide application possibilities. This research is concerned primarily with the design methodology of knitted fabrics containing electrically conductive textiles and especially in-use performance studies. The structural characteristics of the fabrics have been evaluated to enhance the performance properties.
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The portable and wearable instrumented fabrics capable of measuring biothermal variable is essential for drivers, especially long-distance drivers. Here we report on portable and wearable devices that are able to read the temperature of human body within the woven fabric. The sensory function of the fabric is achieved by temperature sensors, soldered on conductive threads coated with cotton. The presence of stainless steel wires gives these materials conductive properties, enabling the detection of human body temperature and transmitting the signal form sensors to the motors on the fabric. When body temperature decreases, hardware/software platforms send a signal to the vibration motors in order to stimulate the driver. The ‘smart woven fabric’-sensing architecture can be divided into two parts: a textile platform, where portable and wearable devices acquire thermal signals, and hardware/software platforms, to which a sensor sends the acquired data, which send the signals to the vibration motors.
Textile-based capacitors have been made from polyethylene dioxythiophene, polystyrene sulphonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the electrolyte and pure stainless steel filament yarns as the electrodes. The capacitor is well integrated into the textile structure, small in size and of light weight. Although they experience a self-discharge, the reliability of the PEDOT:PSS capacitors has been investigated by repeating up to 14 cycles of charging and discharging. Initially, the voltage output turns out to be higher with increasing number of cycles. However, after the fifth cycle, degradation of the cell starts occurring and a decreasing behaviour in the voltage output is observed. One can roughly say that these capacitors could be used up to 10–15 cycles.
PL
Kondensatory tekstylne wytwarza się z mieszaniny poli(3,4-dioksyetylenotiofenu) z polistyrenem sulfonowanym (PEDOT: PSS), pełniącej rolę elektrolitu oraz włókien ciągłych z czystej stali nierdzewnej, pełniących funkcję elektrod. Kondensatory tego typu są dobrze zintegrowane ze strukturą tkaniny, są lekkie i mają niewielkie rozmiary. Chociaż kondensatory PEDOT:PSS ulegają samorozładowaniu, przeprowadzono badania ich niezawodności powtarzając 14 cykli ładowania i rozładowywania Początkowo napięcie wyjściowe zwiększało się wraz ze wzrostem liczby cykli. Jednakże po piątym cyklu, dochodziło do degradacji ogniwa i obserwowano zmniejszanie się napięcia wyjściowego. Można orientacyjnie powiedzieć, że omawiane kondensatory nadają się do użytku przez maksymalnie 10–15 cykli.
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