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EN
Cape Verde Islands are an example of a local diversity of the semi-arid equatorial climate zone. The type and intensity of the present-day morphogenetic processes is determined mostly by total precipitation and vegetation cover. We can distinguish three types of relief development. In the warm, arid climate conditions throughout the year, volcanic forms are very slowly changed or preserved by the action of episodic water, limited to a material redeposition in the wadi channels and sand dune forming by the wind. In the semi-arid climate conditions, volcanic forms are transformed into denudation-fluvial relief in the rain period. It is visible mainly on the windward side of islands and at a lower altitude, where the weathering material is washed from slopes and carried away down the wadi channels to the sea after periodic torrential rains. At the same time on the leeward side, at a higher altitude and in agricultural areas only a small amount of material is transported over short distance.
EN
The paper deals with one of more important elements of natural environment of high mountains - relief and its contemporary changes caused by morphogenetic processes. The area of research is situated in north-western part of the Pamirs. The background of the research is the description of selected elements of the natural environment which played an important role in its morphogenesis. Complex geology, high tectonic and seismic activity, numerous glaciers, extreme climatic conditions, scarce vegetation or lack of it - all these are selected features of natural environment influencing the character of the relief in the researched area. The contemporary shape of land surface of north-western Pamirs is the effect of the Pleistocene and Holocene transformation of Tertiary, or partially older, relief. Evolution of land surface in the mentioned periods took place as a result of numerous morphogenetic processes: gravitational, glacial, fluvial, aeolian, nival, cryogenic and pluvial. In the researched area, processes which lead to a "sharpening" of forms and an increase of relative height are stili taking place.
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