Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Some conclusions of chaos and non predicability in physics to theologia naturalis

100%

Ambrozy M.

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nr 1(13)

69-76

EN

Deterministic chaos counts among noteworthy fields of natural science. Its truly extraordinary attributes enable not only various interpretations from the point of view of predictability but also interesting consequences from the sphere of theologia naturalis. The situation starts to be interesting, if we figure explication of influence of God on a human through Augustine Aurelius in possible unpredictability in a sense of impossibility to predict future of a physical state on a macro level. Interconnection of both of these theories provides interesting conclusions.

2

A firm’s perspective on econophysics-based currency risk analysis

100%

Fiedor P. , Hołda A.

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2014

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nr 4(21)

92-107

EN

In this article the authors presents an approach to quantifying currency risk based on the methodology of econophysics. This article continues the authors’ study into the currency risk, this time simplifying it for the purpose of rendering it useful for companies without technical abilities. A method of analysing the dependencies between currencies based on correlations is introduced to facilitate the analysis of currency risk involved in being exposed to one or more foreign currencies. Also a model estimating a risk-free horizon is introduced and tested against price formation models and empirical data from FX markets.

3

Assistance devices and autonomous vehicles, or the fourth industrial revolution in the automotive industry. Reflections on criminal liability

88%

Pawelec K.

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2021

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tom 6

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nr 2

103-110

EN

The fourth technical revolution has undoubtedly become a fact. It has affected, and that to a large extent, the automotive industry. Motor vehicles provided with driver-assistance systems have appeared, such as those warning of obstacles, maintaining a safe distance from preceding vehicles, informing of a blind spot, or autonomously automatically adjusting speed, slowing down, following navigation, etc., the role of the driver only being to indicate the destination. However, should the driver have full confidence in those systems, and allow for the mistakes they make, and what impact will this have on their possible criminal liability? These are the issues raised in the publication, which at the same time points out that the legal systems are absolutely not adapted to modern technologies, artificial intelligence, or the assessment of so-called robot drivers.

4

Emergence in Dynamical Systems

88%

Collier J.

Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

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2013

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nr 24

17 - 42

EN

Emergence is a term used in many contexts in current science; it has become fashionable. It has a traditional usage in philosophy that started in 1875 and was expanded by J. S. Mill (earlier, under a different term) and C. D. Broad. It is this form of emergence that I am concerned with here. I distinguish it from uses like ‘computational emergence,’ which can be reduced to combinations of program steps, or its application to merely surprising new features that appear in complex combinations of parts. I will be concerned specifically with ontological emergence that has the logical properties required by Mill and Broad (though there might be some quibbling about the details of their views). I restrict myself to dynamical systems that are embodied in processes. Everything that we can interact with through sensation or action is either dynamical or can be understood in dynamical terms, so this covers all comprehensible forms of emergence in the strong (nonreducible) sense I use. I will give general dynamical conditions that underlie the logical conditions traditionally assigned to emergence in nature.The advantage of this is that, though we cannot test logical conditions directly, we can test dynamical conditions. This gives us an empirical and realistic form of emergence, contrary those who say it is a matter of perspective.

5

Determinizm Laplace'a w świetle teorii fizycznych mechaniki klasycznej

75%

Koleżyński A.

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2007

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nr 40

59-75

PL

There has been a long-standing debate in philosophical literature about the relationship of predictability and determinism. Some philosophers have claimed that determinism implies predictability; some have claimed the opposite and the others that there are no direct implication relations between these two concepts. According to the above, there are various notions of determinism and predictability at work in the philosophical literature. In contrast, in scientific tradition, the belief that any deterministic system is predictable has long history and is based on the power of the intuitions lying behind the concept of physical determinism, confirmed by many experiments. In this essay, the author focuses on the Laplacean vision for determinism and predictability (or more precisely on what he takes to be such a vision). While many forms of predictability are inconsistent with this vision, he argues that a suitably modified notion of predictability, defined within a framework of model notion of physical determinism, is implied by the Laplacean concept of determinism and, after some modifications, by other modern theories in physics, chemistry and related sciences. It is also argued, that such modified concept of predictability is consistent with common practice of scientists, and any attempt to find out whether a given scientific theory is deterministic, should be accompanied by careful analysis and appropriate modification of constituent elements of modern notion of determinism.

6

Wpływ jakości zysku na zależność pomiędzy zyskiem a stopą zwrotu z akcji na przykładzie GPW w Warszawie

63%

Cieślik R.

|

2016

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nr 2/2016 (22), cz.2

60-77

PL

W artykule podjęto próbę oceny tego czy i w jakim zakresie jakość zysku determinuje przydatność wyniku finansowego dla prognozowania ceny akcji (stopy zwrotu) w warunkach polskiego rynku kapitałowego. Dla oceny jakości zysku wykorzystano wskaźniki oparte na czterech jego atrybutach, tj. trwałości, zdolności predykcyjnej, stopniu wygładzania zysku oraz stabilności. Wyniki badania oparte na szerokiej próbie obejmującej wszystkie niefinansowe spółki notowane na GPW w Warszawie w latach 2009–2016 pozwoliły potwierdzić pozytywny wpływ, jaki wywiera jakości zysku na badaną zależność. Należy jednak podkreślić, że siła tego wpływu jest zmienna w czasie i zależy od przynależności sektorowej badanej spółki.

EN

The paper examines whether and how earnings quality affects the returns-earnings relationship taking into consideration four earnings attributes including persistence, predictability, smooth ness and stability. For a large sample of non-financial firms listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange over the period 2009–2016, the study showed that earnings quality has a positive influence on the tested relationship. Moreover, the nature (parameters) of the returns/earnings relation exhibits considerable instability over time and across sectors.

7

L’istituto della vincolatività del precedente tra prevedibilità delle scelte giurisdizionali e libertà di stabilimento

63%

Caroccia R.

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tom 19

567-584

EN

The article deals with the new binding role of rulings in Italian law system, in particular concerning the administrative appeal trials. It first summarizes the statutes, which have altered the previous conformation of judiciary system, and the evolution of the relationship between law and judges. It then analyzes the rulings concerning security costs and tries to evaluate how the binding ruling (stare decisis) has affected Italian public tender market.

IT

L’articolo affronta il nuovo ruolo della vincolatività dei precedenti nell’ordinamento italiano con speciale riferimento ai giudizi amministrativi d’appello. Riassume dapprima le disposizioni che hanno modificato l’assetto del sistema giudiziario e l’evoluzione del rapporto tra la legge ed i giudici. Infine, analizza le decisioni riguardanti i costi della sicurezza interna e prova a valutare l’impatto sul mercato degli appalti pubblici della vincolatività dei precedenti (stare decisis).

8

Predictability of posturographic signals: influence of the window width and the embedding dimension

51%

Michalak K. P. , Jaśkowski P.

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tom Vol. 27, no. 4

71-83

EN

Predictability of 120s-long posturographic signals was investigated by the method of forecasting. We used signals from 32 young healthy participants registered with both open and closed eyes. Influence of the window width and the embedding dimension on predictability was studied. Our results indicate existence of a deterministic component in the posturographic signal. Predictability decreases with the increasing window width ranging from 0.24s to 3.84s. An increase of the embedding dimension, while keeping the window width constant and an adequate decrease of the lag is proposed as a method that could better estimate the saturation dimension of the medium- and high-dimensional signals. Moreover, we have found that the signals representing swaying in the anterio-posterior direction have a higher predictability than those representing lateral swinging and that closing the eyes deteriorates predictability of the posturographic signals.

9

Two-Dimensional Automatic Control Modeling of a Posture Control System

51%

Park K. S. , Kim U. H.

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tom Vol. 4, No. 4

485--498

EN

A posture control model has been developed on the basis of the 2-dimensional feedback control theory. Human postural characteristics were investigated in 5 healthy participants. Tests were performed with eyes open and eyes closed. After 5 s of quiet standing, each participant was unexpectedly pulled forward by 30 mm at his pelvis height and then released. Postural sway was measured over 20 s at a rate of 100 per second. Transfer functions to represent the posture control characteristic were identified by the least squares' method. These showed good results of the model's fitness, predictability, and stability. The response of the eyes-closed condition to perturbation is more oscillatory than that of the eyes-open condition. It seems that the model identified could be applicable to ergonomics, sports, or clinical situations.

10

The behavior and dynamics of some dominant herbaceous plants of Swiss deciduous forests

51%

Klotzli F. , Walther G. R.

|

nr 1-2

11

Bezpieczeństwo w ruchu drogowym

38%

Kotowski W.

|

2019

|

tom Nr 5

5--15

PL

Wprawdzie od wielu lat podstawowe zasady bezpieczeństwa w ruchu drogowym nie uległy radykalnym zmianom, to jednak nadal odczuwalny jest wśród uczestników tego ruchu brak zrozumienia zwłaszcza granic obowiązywania i relacji zachodzących między ostrożnością, szczególną ostrożnością i ograniczonym zaufaniem. Z tego głównie powodu autor przypomina wymienione zasady ze wskazaniem, jak należy je interpretować, aby pozostawać w zgodzie z przepisami i równocześnie zagwarantować sobie i innym uczestnikom pełne bezpieczeństwo na drodze.

EN

Although the basic road traffic rules have not undergone any drastic changes for many years, road traffic participants are still felt not to understand the limits and relationships between attention, special attention and limited trust. This is mainly why the author gives instruction on the interpretation of these rules for road traffic participants to be able to observe these rules, and thus guarantee complete safety on the road to themselves and all others.