Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Predatory Encounters of Yllenus Arenarius (Araneae, Salticidae) with Flies (Diptera)

100%

Bartos M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica

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2010

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tom 6

69-80

EN

Predatory behaviour of Yllenus arenarius hunting flies (Diptera) was studied. The general spider’s approach and capture was typical for salticids hunting prey that has high ability to escape. Two modes of approach in close proximity of prey were observed. One was typical for the majority of predatory encounters where the spider’s velocity was significantly reduced with decreasing distance to prey. Stalk and movement masking were typical for this type of approach. Second mode occurred sporadically and was characterized by a high spider’s velocity that was not reduced in the vicinity of the prey.

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Holiday homes: the unspoken crisis

63%

Ellis L. , Ireland M.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia

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2008

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tom 07

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nr 1

3

Group size: an important factor controlling the expression of predatory behaviour in workers of the wood ant Formica polyctena Forst.

63%

Szczuka A. , Godzinska E. J.

Biological Bulletin of Poznań

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2000

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tom 37

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nr 1

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Le maître dans l’œil du disciple. À propos de l’apprentissage ou de l’initiation écologique dans Les Neuf consciences du Malfini de Patrick Chamoiseau

51%

Kana Nguetse P.

Quêtes littéraires

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2019

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nr 9

158-170

EN

Les Neuf Consciences du Malfini by Patrick Chamoiseau is a Bildungsroman centred around pedagogical experience of a disciple, and didactic and pedagogical achievements of a master. The educational process based on careful observation and formative imitation of the master, allows the novice to transcend his predatory impulses to reach the stage of ecological responsibility. Unlike the traditional Bildungsroman in which the master mobilizes some multisensory and multimodal devices to relay knowledge or truth, the novel in question confronts the reader with an archetypal "pedagogical" situation, where the master-disciple relationship is not interpersonal, interactive, voluntary or ritualized. Moreover, a pedagogical bond forms not only between the protagonists of the text, but also between the novel and the reader, its target audience. The paper proposes to approach the educational process and the master-disciple relationship from the point of view of ecocriticism, using semiotic analysis of a character. It is argued that by means of the allegorical account, Chamoiseau criticizes anthropocentrism for being the main cause of ecological degradation and advocates horizontality in the human-nature relationship, as a guarantee of ecological balance.

FR

Les Neuf consciences du Malfini de Patrick Chamoiseau est un roman initiatique articulé autour de l’expérience pédagogique d’un disciple et des prouesses didactico-pédagogiques d’un maître. Fondé sur l’observation minutieuse et l’imitation formatrice du maître, cet apprentissage permet à l’initié de transcender ses élans prédateurs pour accéder au stade de la responsabilité écologique. Contrairement au roman de formation traditionnel dans lequel le maître mobilise le dispositif multisensoriel et multimodal pour relayer le savoir ou la vérité, celui-ci met le lecteur devant une situation « pédagogique » archétypale où la relation maître-disciple n’est pas interpersonnelle, interactive, volontaire ou ritualisée. En outre, le lien pédagogique ne s’y déploie pas seulement entre les protagonistes mis en texte, mais aussi entre le roman et le lecteur qui en est la cible privilégiée. À l’aune de l’écocritique et de l’approche sémiologique du personnage, cette réflexion se propose d’étudier le processus d’initiation et la dynamique des relations maître-disciple pour montrer que, par ce récit allégorique, Chamoiseau fait le procès de l’anthropocentrisme comme cause principale du déclin écologique et préconise l’horizontalité dans les relations Homme/Nature, gage de l’équilibre écologique.

5

DSP-4 lesion of locus coeruleus does not affect spontaneous predatory behaviour in cats

51%

Kubiak P. , Zagrodzka J.

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tom 53

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nr 4

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Patterns of drilling predation of cassid gastropods preying on echinoids from the Middle Miocene of Poland

51%

Zlotnik M. , Ceranka T.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2005

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tom 50

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nr 3

EN

Test−drilling predation by cassid gastropods on minute clypeasteroid echinoids has been studied in the fossil assemblage of the Heterostegina Sands (middle Miocene, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland). The analysed prey, collected from two sublithofacies of the Heterostegina Sands (coarse−grained Heterostegina Sands and fine−grained Heterostegina Sands), represent three species of Echinocyamus (E. linearis, E. pusillus and E. pseudopusillus). The drill holes were produced presumably by one cassid species, Semicassis miolaevigata. The investigation showed that drilling predation intensities varied among the prey species. Within both fine− and coarse−grained sands, E. linearis was drilled more frequently than E. pusillus. An intermediate value of drilling predation was recognised for E. pseudopusillus. The intensities of drilling predation recognised for some of the prey species (E. pusillus) varied also between (but never within) the sublithofacies. Drilling predation was both size− and site−selective. Larger individuals of E. linearis and E. pusillus were attacked more frequently and the aboral side of the test of all Echinocyamus species was drilled preferentially. An extremely high concentration of drill holes was observed in the apical disc and petals. Results obtained for the most abundant prey (E. linearis) indicate that the predatory behaviour of large cassids was somewhat different from those typical of small cassids. Large cassids drilled and consumed their prey almost always individually, whereas small cassids sometimes preyed upon the urchins in a group. Large cassids displayed also a higher site−selectivity. They more frequently drilled in the petals and apical disc. The patterns of drilling predation were most likely controlled by the potential energetic value of prey (measured by the internal volume/test thickness ratio), prey and predator mobility, prey mode of life, thickness and porosity of the prey's tests, as well as by the proportions between the size of the prey and size of the predator. The results suggest that the mode of life of the prey and its test structure can influence the drill hole morphology.

7

Otodus-bitten sperm whale tooth from the Neogene of the Coastal Eastern United States

44%

Godfrey S. J. , Nance J. R. , Riker N. L.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2021

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tom 66

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nr 3

8

44%

Zlotnik M.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2001

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tom 46

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nr 1

EN

The analysis of shell-drilling predation by naticid gastropods on molluscs from the Korytnica Clays (Middle Miocene, Holy Cross Mountains, Central Poland) has focused on the bivalve Corbula gibba and gastropods Natica tigrina and Hinia restitutiana. The results indicate that predatory behaviour of naticids varies depending on the size of the predator. When drilling corbulids, large naticids displayed higher site-selectivity than smaller naticids. Also, large naticids drilled energetically attractive prey (Hinia restitutiana and Natica tigrina) more frequently than small naticids. Preferential drilling displayed by large naticids from the Korytnica Clays increases the net energy gain for the predator and in result allows it to drill more effectively.

PL

Przedstawiono analizę rozkładu drążeń Naticidae na muszlach małża Corbula gibba (Olivi, 1792) oraz ślimaków klinia restitutiana (Fontannes, 1879) i Natica tigrina Röding, 1789 pochodzących ze środkowomioceńskich iłów korytnickich. Wykazano, że drapieżnicze zachowania Naticidae były uzależnione od wielkości drapieżcy. Duże Naticidae drążyły głównie w środkowobrzusznym obszarze prawej skorupki C. gibba. Drążenia małych naticidów są zaś na tej skorupce rozmieszczone mniej lub bardziej przypadkowo (patrz Fig. 1A, C oraz porównaj fqLC z fqsc w Tabeli l ). Ponadto, małe Naticidae drążyły na skorupce lewej częściej niż duże (patrz Fig. I A—D oraz porównaj fqLL z fqsL w Tabeli 1). Wielkość drapieżcy miała również wpływ na wybór gatunku ofiary. Duże Naticidae znacznie częściej niż małe atakowały H. restitutiana i N. tigrina (Fig. 2A, B), natomiast małe Naticidae częściej niż duże atakowały C. gibba (patrz Fig. 1A—D oraz porównaj sumę NLR i NLL z NSR i NSL w Tabeli l). Wydaje się, że sposób umiejscawiania drążenia oraz wybór gatunku ofiary dokonywany przez duże ślimaki z iłów korytnickich mogły znacząco wpływać na zwiększenie efektywności polowania — prawa skorupka C. gibba jest bowiem w rejonie środkowobrzusznym najcieńsza. Drapieżnik atakujący ten obszar muszli potrzebował więc mniej czasu na jej przewiercenie. H. restitutiana i N. tigrina stanowiły zaś, ze względu na swoje rozmiary i budowę anatomiczną (duża mięsista noga), potencjalnie obfitsze źródło pożywienia niż C. gibba.