Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Pollen morphology of Amygdalus L. [Rosaceae] in Iran

100%

Vafadar M. , Attar F. , Maroofi H. , Mirtadzadini M.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2010

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tom 79

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nr 1

63-71

EN

Pollen grain of 16 species and three hybrids of the genus Amygdalus L., representing two subgenera and two sections distributed in Iran were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. All pollen grains are tricolporate. The shape of grains varies from subprolate through prolate. Regarding outline, in polar view, pollen grains are triangular-circular and in equatorial view, elliptic. Regarding sculpturing of exine, the frequent type like many members of family Rosaceae is striate with or without perforations that can be subdivided into three subtypes: type I (A-B), type II (A-B) and type V. In three species, A. trichamygdalus, A. spinosissima and A. orientalis, exine sculpture type is completely different. In the first species is rugulate, in the second species is reticulate and in A. orientalis, it is gemmate-perforate. Ornamentation of ridges (muri) in the striate sculpture is parallel to ectocolpus. Number of perforations in tectum, diameter of them, striae intervals and the thickness of ridges varies among studied taxa. The striae have different depth and slope. Results showed that among pollen grain characters, shape is useful character solely for separating of taxonomic ranks in Iranian Amygdalus specially in subgeneric or section level.

2

Pollen morphology of Quercus (subgenus Quercus, section Quercus) in Iran and its systematic implication

86%

Panahi P. , Pourmajidian M. R. , Pourhashemi M.

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nr 1

EN

For the first time, pollen morphology of 9 (4 spp. and 5 subspp.) taxa representing lobed leaved oaks of Iran in the family of Fagaceae has been examined and illustrated using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of acetolysed material. Detailed pollen morphological characteristics are given for Quercus section. The pollen grains are single, isopolar, radially symmetrical, tricolpate, tricolporoidate or tricolporate. Pollens were studied to show all possible characteristics like shape, size, apertures, wall thickness, etc., with special reference to the specific features of each pollen type such as structural, sculptural and suprasculptural patterns. There is considerable variation in pollen morphology between taxa so that, three types of pollen shape, five types of structural pattern, two types of sculptural pattern, five types of suprasculptural pattern and three types of perfora distribution are defined. Furthermore, the relationship between pollen morphology and taxonomy is discussed. Overall, pollen characters are shown to be a useful and informative tool for assessing taxonomic position within Quercus section in Iran.

3

Pollen morphology of Polish species of the genus Rosa - I. Rosa pendulina

86%

Wronska-Pilarek D. , Lira J.

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2006

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tom 55

65-73

EN

The morphology and variability of pollen of Rosa pendulina L. were studied. The material came from 10 native localities of this species. 300 pollen grains were examined. It was established that the diagnostic features of pollen grains of R. pendulina L. were: an elongated, narrow operculum, a poorly developed exine sculpture, long ectocolpi (a low value of the apocolpium index), and the predominance of grains elongated in shape. The results obtained usually correspond to data supplied by other palynologists. A statistical analysis of 10 quantitative grain characteristics showed their variability to be rather low. The highest variability was found to occur in two traits connected with d (the distance between the apices of two ectocolpi). Statistical studies revealed dependences among the grains from the 10 analysed localities

4

Pollen morphology in the tribe Nigelleae (Ranunculaceae): a worldwide palynological investigation into the species

86%

Işık S. , Dönmez E. O. , Aydin Z. U. , Dönmez A. A.

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nr 1

5

Pollen morphology of some Centaurea L., Psephellus Cass. and Cyanus Miller taxa

86%

Ozler H. , Kaya Z. , Pehlivan S.

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2009

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tom 51

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nr 2

53-66

EN

The pollen morphology of 29 taxa, 24 of which are endemic to Turkey, was investigated in detail by light and scanning electron microscopy. LM examination showed pollen grains to be tricolporate, rarely tetracolporate, isopolar, radially symmetrical, subprolate, spheroidal-subprolate, operculate, tectum perforate, scabrate and microechinate. P. pecho Albow. and P. appendicigera C. Koch resemble the Montana type, C. pichleri subsp. pichleri Boiss. and C. pichleri subsp. extrarosularis (Hayek & Siehe) Wagenitz resemble the Cyanus type, and C. pseudoscabiosa subsp. pseudoscabiosa Boiss.& Buhse are consistent with the Dealbata type, C. pestalozzae Boiss. and C. carduiformis subsp. carduiformis DC. with the Scabiosa type, and the other taxa with Wagenitz's Jacea type

6

Microsporangia and pollen morphology of Ginkgo biloba cultivars

86%

Korszun S. , Klimko M.

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2014

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tom 71

EN

Morphological features of microsporangia and pollen grains from cultivated plants of Ginkgo biloba were examined using light and scanning microscopy. The sporophylls bear mainly two pendulous microsporangia; three or four were rarely found. The sporangia dehisce along a longitudinal slit and are characterized by reticulate primary sculpture. The basic shape of pollen grains is prolate and perprolate (rarely spheroidal) and they possess a single aperture, which extends from one extremity of the pollen grain to the other. The surface is rugulate, folded, psilate, psilate-slightly striate, regularly striate and fossulate. Perforations are present. Different types of sculpture were found on the same specimens. Our results suggest that although some cultivated plants are morphologically well characterized by habit and shape of leaves, they cannot be separated based on microsporangia and pollen grain morphology. In our investigations the microsporangia and pollen grain micromorphology of eight cultivars of Ginkgo were studied for the first time, providing some important new data.

7

Morphological diversity of pollen from selected species of the genus Taraxacum, according to their ploidal level

86%

Marciniuk J. , Rudzzinska-Langwald A.

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tom 61

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nr 1

EN

The study of the morphology of pollen concerned eight species of the genus Taraxacum. Seven types were chosen with a different number of chromosomes belonging to the section Palustria: Taraxacum paucilobum 2n = 3x = 24, T. subdolum 2n = 3x =24, T. subpolonicum 2n =3x = 24, T. vindobonense 2n = 4x = 32, T. trilobifolium 2n = 4x = 32, T. mendax 2n = 5x = 40, T. portentosum 2n =? and one type from the section Obliqua – T. platyglossum 2n =?. Pollen from all the examined species was observed by SEM microscopy. A distinct relation exists between the morphology of pollen and the way of reproduction. Pollen of triploidal species, being compulsory apomicts, is characterized by a great variability of the size and a high percentage of deformed pollen grains. Tetraploids, being optional apomicts, produce regular pollen with a relatively even size. The regular type of pollen in pentaploidal Taraxacum mendax and in species with an unknown number of chromosomes (Taraxacum portentosum and T. platyglossum) suggests that these taxa are optional apomicts.

PL

Studia nad morfologią pyłku przeprowadzono dla ośmiu gatunków rodzaju Taraxacum. Wybrano siedem gatunków o zróżnicowanej liczbie chromosomów należących do sekcji Palustria: Taraxacum paucilobum 2n = 3x = 24, T. subdolum 2n = 3x =24, T. subpolonicum 2n =3x = 24, T. vindobonense 2n = 4x = 32, T. trilobifolium 2n = 4x = 32, T. mendax 2n = 5x = 40, T. portentosum 2n = ? oraz jeden gatunek z sekcji Obliqua – T. platyglossum 2n = ?. Pyłek wszystkich gatunków obserwowano w skaningowym mikroskopie elektronowym SEM. Istnieje wyraźna zależność pomiędzy morfologią pyłku a sposobem rozmnażania. Pyłek gatunków triploidalnych, będących obligatoryjnymi apomiktami charakteryzuje się dużą zmiennością wielkości oraz wysokim odsetkiem ziaren zdeformowanych. Tetraploidy będące apomiktami fakultatywnymi wytwarzają pyłek regularny, o stosunkowo wyrównanej wielkości. Regularny typ pyłku u pentaploidalnego Taraxacum mendax oraz u gatunków o nieznanej liczbie chromosomów (Taraxacum portentosum i T. platyglossum) pozwala przypuszczać, że taksony te są apomiktami fakultatywnymi.

8

Pollen morphology of some Turkish Crocus L. [Iridaceae] species

86%

Isik S. , Donmez E. O.

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tom 48

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nr 1

EN

Pollen grains of 29 Turkish taxa of genus Crocus L. belonging to Iridaceae were examined by light and electron microscopy. The pollen of Crocus is spheroidal in shape, with a thin exine characterized by echinate (spinulate)-microperforate sculpture and a relatively thick intine. Three types of aperture are recognized: a spiral furrow, more or less extensive furrows, and short furrows. Spiral furrows appear to be the most frequent aperture type among the Turkish Crocus species. Apertures vary within some species. The results are compared with those on the pollen morphology of Crocus species previously investigated by several European workers.

9

Morphological differentiation of Primula veris L. pollen from natural and cultivated populations

86%

Morozowska M. , Idzikowska K.

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tom 73

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nr 3

EN

Micromorphological characterisation and the comparative statistical analysis of the size of Primula veris L. pollen grains collected in three natural and three cultivated populations were done. Observations were carried out with SEM. The obtained measurements were analysed with the use of one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis Test and the Student-t Test. Pollen grains from long-styled ('pin') flower-morphs were mainly 6 colpate and from shortstyled ('thrum') flower-morphs 8 colpate. Colpi of some grains from 'thrum' flowers were 'sinuous' and 'circular', and they incised into the apocolpium zone. Ornamentation of 'pin' pollen grains was microreticulate, with lumina up to 0.8 μm wide, and for pollen grains from 'thrum' flowers was reticulate and eureticulate with lumina 1.1-1.7 μm wide. In lumina of mesocolpium area some free columellae were observed. Pollen grains from 'thrum' flower-morphs were more variable in size, both in natural and in cultivated populations, than grains from 'pin' flower-morphs. The differences in mean length (P) and breadth (E) of pollen grains from 'thrum' flowers collected in cultivated populations were statistically important (FP = 3.154 for the critical F005 = 3.098; K-We = 7.469 for the critical Test value α=005 = 5.991). Pollen grains from 'thrum' flowers were bigger when coming from plants growing in natural populations (tE = 2.784 for the critical Test value α=005 = 2.001).

10

Pollen morphology of some European Sorbus species

86%

Bednorz L. , Fujiki T. , Makohonienko M.

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tom 06

EN

This paper presents morphology of pollen grains of four European Sorbus species: S. arranensis Hedl., S. aucuparia L., S. hybrida L., S. mougeotti Soy.-Will. & Godr. The importance of exine sculpture details in taxonomy is underlined.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badan nad morfologia ziarn pyłku czterech europejskich gatunków rodzaju Sorbus (S. arranensis Hedl., S. aucuparia L., S. hybrida L., S. mougeotti Soy.- Will. & Godr.) oparte na obserwacjach pod mikroskopem skaningowym (HR-SEM). Scharakteryzowano zewnętrzną budowę ziarn pyłku badanych taksonów oraz zmierzono ich wielkość. Ziarna S. aucuparia były najmniejsze i zostały zaklasyfikowane jako małe, podczas gdy ziarna pozostałych gatunków były zbliżonej wielkości i zostały zakwalifikowane jako średnie. Pod względem kształtu ziarna S. arranensis określono jako wydłużone, ziarna pozostałych gatunków były najczęściej kulisto-wydłużone. Różnice pomiędzy ziarnami pyłku badanych gatunków uwidoczniły się przede wszystkim w urzeźbieniu powierzchni eksyny. Najwyraźniej wyróżniały się ziarna S. arranensis o skulpturze w typie rugulate (krótkie i grube prążki). Powierzchnia eksyny u pozostałych gatunków była prążkowana (typu striate). U S. hybrida i S. mougeotti prążki były bardzo długie, ale wyraźnie cieńsze u drugiego gatunku. Ziarna S. aucuparia miały prążki krótsze i bardziej zagęszczone, z dobrze widocznymi perforacjami pomiędzy vallae.

11

Pollen morphology of Ukrainian species of the genus Pedicularis L. (Orobanchaceae Vent.)

72%

Peregrym O. M. , Tsymbalyuk Z. M. , Mosyakin S. L.

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tom 24

12

Investigation on the pollen morphology of traditional cultivars of Prunus species in Sicily

72%

Geraci A. , Polizzano V. , Marino P. , Schicchi R.

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nr 3

EN

In this study pollen grains of 13 cultivars and 3 rootstocks belonging to 5 species (P. armeniaca, P. domestica, P. dulcis, P. persica, P. avium) of the genus Prunus collected from North-East Sicily were examined for the micromorphological characterization through the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The length of polar axis (P) and the equatorial diameter (E) of grain, P/E ratio, the length of colpi (C), diameter of perforations (DP) and the number of perforations in 25 μm2 (PN), the width of muri (WM), the distance between muri (DM) and their number in 25 μm2 (MN), the width of grooves (WG) were measured and their variation was compared among studied taxa. Moreover multivariate statistical analysis was carried out to distinguish morphometric information from measured parameters. All pollen grains are trizonocolpate, isopolar, medium-large sized and their shape varies from prolate to perprolate. Regarding outline pollen grains are subtriangular in polar view and elliptic in equatorial view. Exine sculpturing is striate with perforations on grain surface. The arrangement of ridges appears roughly parallel but too sloped (sometimes curved) compared to polar axis, or branched and oriented in different directions, or perfectly parallel or more irregular with bifurcated ridges often sinuous. The analyses showed a great variability (particularly in P. domestica cultivars) related in some cases to the diversity in the morphological features of the leaves and the fruits of the investigated entities.

13

Pollen morphology of Pinus mugo Turra x Pinus sylvestris L. hybrids and parental species in an experimental culture

72%

Bykowska J. , Klimko M.

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nr 1

EN

Pollen grains of Pinus mugo, P. sylvestris and P. ×rhaetica (= P. mugo × P. sylvestris) were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains were bisaccate and monosulcate. The corpus-saccus attachment was distinct. The pollen corpus exine sculpture was verrucate-rugulate and deeply sculptured. The surface of the tectum was covered with small grana and it was perforate. The saccus sexine ornamentation was reticulate and irregularly perforate. The tectum surface characters in the proximal and distal view of the corpus and saccus were less variable and they did not provide good criteria to identify the species under study. However, some differences were observed in the size of elevation on the corpus between pollen grains of the same species and between the parental species. This study of the pollen grain morphology of the corpus and saccus provided some important new data.

14

SEM studies on sporangia and pollen morphology of Gingko biloba cultivars

72%

Klimko M. , Bykowska J. , Korszun S.

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nr 3

EN

The present study was conducted to illustrate the micromorphology of mature sporangia and pollen grains of four Ginkgo biloba cultivars: ‘Horizontalis’, ‘Lasiocarpa’, ‘Pragensis’ and ‘Tubifolia’ and is a continuation of earlier investigations on this subject. The sporophylls bear typically two pendulous sporangia, whereas three were found in one cultivar. The sporangia varied in shape from oval, elliptical elongate to boat-shaped and dehisced along a longitudinal slit. The sporangial walls are multilayered. The sculpture of the sporangium is rugose covered with wax crystals (tubules) and the endothecium shows clearly visible fibrous thickening on the wall. The pollen grains are monosulcate, the non-apertural surface is irregularly ridged (striate) or rugulate, with perforations and the germinal aperture (furrow) is covered with verrucae. The current study did not differentiate significantly four cultivars based on sporangia and pollen morphology. The micromorphological traits may be useful for identification and classification of fragments of fossil sporangia and pollen grains.

15

Pollen morphology of Polish native species of the Rosa genus (Rosaceae) and its relation to systematics

44%

Wronska-Pilarek D.

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2011

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tom 80

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nr 3

EN

The morphology of pollen grains of 16 species from the Rosa L. genus were studied (i.e. R. agrestis, R. canina, R. dumalis, R. gallica, R. inodora, R. jundzillii, R. kostrakiewiczii, R. majalis, R. micrantha, R. mollis, R. pendulina, R. rubiginosa, R. sherardii, R. tomentosa, R. villosa, and R. zalana). The material came from 16 native localities of those species in Poland. The measurements are based on at least 30-50 randomly selected, fully developed pollen grains per specimen. In total, 500 pollen grains were examined. They were analysed for 13 quantitative features of pollen grains and exine sculpturing and the following qualitative traits: outline, shape, "operculum" structure. The diagnostic features of pollen grains of studied species were: length of polar and equatorial axes and length of ectocolpi. The above-mentioned pollen grain morphological features make isolation of one species possible: R. gallica. R. gallica is distinguished for its highest values of the length of polar and equatorial axes, and the length of ectocolpi. The obtained analytical results of operculum and exine sculpture features, considered as diagnostic, corroborated only slightly their priority significance for the isolation of the examined species and sections. The collected data failed to confirm fully the current taxonomical division of the Rosa genus into sections (only section Gallicanae from R. gallica is isolated) as well as consanguinity relationships between the examined species from the Caninae section. On the dendrogram, both species closely related with each other as well as those from other developmental lines were found in the same group. These equivocal results are by no means surprising because the Caninae section is the most polymorphic group in the Rosa genus, and contemporary Caninae are of the nature of a swarm of R. canina hybrids as a link combining all taxons of the section.