The profile of the borehole Podgórze B1, which at first was reconed among the Mazovian Interglacial was revealed by palynological analyses to represent the Ferdynandów Interglacial. Additional paleozoological studies confirmed presence of diverse faunal remains: Ostracoda, Pisces, Mollusca and Coleoptera, which allow to better recognize the character of environment of the interglacial sediments in Podgórze.
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The paper introduces a semiformal term “glacial till lithostratigraphical provinces” to denote geographical areas of occurrence of lithological groupings and formations of glacial tills. Within the area between Noteć River ice-marginal valley and the Sudetic Foreland, 23 types of tills were recognized. Of these, 15 lithotypes were included into the Great Poland till province, four were included into the Silesian province, while the remaining ones, found at the eastern periphery of the Kraków-Częstochowa Highland are preliminarily assigned to another, not yet defined province situated east of the study area. Maps illustrating distribution of particular lithotypes were made and served as a basis for an attempt to reconstruct the changes in ice-sheet extent during subsequent glaciations.
The Shelter above the Zegar Cave (Shelter No 388) (N 50°25’41” E 19°40’27”) is located in the Zegarowe Rocks ridge in the Ryczów Upland (southern part of the Czêstochowa Upland), municipalityWolbrom, district Olkusz. In 2009, Mrs. Jadwiga and Mr. Lucjan Wodarz found an archeological flint artifact in a type of leaf point at the slope below the Shelter. This finding allowed suspecting the presence of Palaeolithic cultural layers inside or near the Shelter. The authors’aim was to recognize the geological context of the Palaeolithic settlement of the Shelter above the Zegar Cave and its neighborhood, and in further perspective of the entire southern part of the Ryczów Upland micro-region. Four layers were discovered in the Shelter during field works (downward): I – humic silty loam, Holocene; II – loess altered by secondary soil processes during the Holocene; III – unaltered loess, dated to MOIS 2; IV – silty cave loam with limestone rubble, dated to MOIS 3. The chronostratigraphy is based on lithostratigraphy and confirmed by radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dating. An archaeological cultural level occurs in layer IV, most probably related to the shift from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic. The sequence of cave sediments may be well correlated with numerous profiles of cave sites from the Kraków-Czêstochowa Upland.
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Analiza paleontologiczna 46 próbek z otworu wiertniczego w Koczarkach wykazała obecność różnorodnych szczątków zwierząt: mięczaków, małżoraczków, ryb i owadów. Na tej podstawie określono warunki paleoekologiczne i paleoklimatyczne w jakich powstawały osady z fauną oraz ich stratygrafię. Znalezione tu charakterystyczne gatunki mięczaków: Corbicula fluminalis i Lithoglyphus jahni oraz małżoraczka Scottia browniana pozwalają określić wiek osadów z fauną na interglacjał mazowiecki.
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The presence of glacial tills in eight loess type sections documenting, in most cases, a complete rhythm of climatic changes during the last 780 ka (Brunhes epoch) in Poland and Ukraine, allows to precisely establish the age of these tills. The oldest till in Odonów, Kolonia Zadębce, and Bojanice represents the Sanian 2 (Elsterian 2, Okanian) Glaciation. The younger till (in Wąchock, Gradiżsk, and Wjazowok) corresponds to the ice-sheet extent during the Krznanian (Saalian 2, Dnieper 1) Glaciation, and the youn gest till (in Wąchock, Bugaiwka, and Stajki) to the ice-sheet extent during the Odranian (Saalian 3, Dnieper 2) Glaciation. The occurrence of these glacial tills in the discussed loess sections is crucial for the correlation of glacial and extraglacial stratigraphic schemes for the Pleistocene of Europe.
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