Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Evaluation of grapevine resistance to downy and powdery mildew in ‘Regent’ × ‘Bogazkere’ hybrid population segregating for resistance genes

100%

Shidfar M. , Akkurt M. , Atak A. , Ergul A. , Soylemezoglu G.

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2019

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tom 18

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nr 1

EN

Fruit production should be adapted to future scenarios that are frequently associated with scarce resources, especially freshwater and fertilizers. New biologically-based fruit production strategies, i.e. taking into account tree growth and water status, are required to optimize irrigation and fertilization under abiotic stress conditions. It was hypothesized that a moderate abiotic stress, here deficit irrigation with or without nitrogen deficit, in the preharvest period, could decrease postharvest losses due to diseases and pruning weights due to reduced vegetative growth, without sacrificing the yield and fruit quality. This study was conducted over two years using the same trees of ‘Moncante’ nectarine cultivar grown in a commercial orchard. Trees were assigned to three treatments: (1) full irrigation at 80% estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc), (2) deficit irrigation, i.e. at 75% of full irrigation, and (3) deficit irrigation and deficit nitrogen, i.e. at 75% of full irrigation and 75% of usual N-fertilization adopted by the grower in this commercial orchard. Deficit irrigation alone and in combination with deficit nitrogen reduced postharvest diseases and pruning weights without significant yield losses. Our results suggest that ETc-based approaches of reduced water irrigation may be a sustainable way to decrease phytosanitary inputs and workload in the orchard while maintaining the orchard performance.

2

Pollen morphology of Pinus mugo Turra x Pinus sylvestris L. hybrids and parental species in an experimental culture

100%

Bykowska J. , Klimko M.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2015

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tom 57

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nr 1

EN

Pollen grains of Pinus mugo, P. sylvestris and P. ×rhaetica (= P. mugo × P. sylvestris) were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains were bisaccate and monosulcate. The corpus-saccus attachment was distinct. The pollen corpus exine sculpture was verrucate-rugulate and deeply sculptured. The surface of the tectum was covered with small grana and it was perforate. The saccus sexine ornamentation was reticulate and irregularly perforate. The tectum surface characters in the proximal and distal view of the corpus and saccus were less variable and they did not provide good criteria to identify the species under study. However, some differences were observed in the size of elevation on the corpus between pollen grains of the same species and between the parental species. This study of the pollen grain morphology of the corpus and saccus provided some important new data.

3

Ocena podstawowych właściwości fizycznych nasion rzepaku jarego

100%

Szot B.

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2008

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tom 12

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nr 1[161]

4

Response of elite Kenyan finger millet (Eleusine coracana, L. Gaertn) genotypes to Ethrel application

100%

Kanguni J. S. , Odeny D. A. , Dangasuk O. G. , Matasyoh L. G. , Oduori C. O. A.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2015

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tom 48

EN

Finger millet is a staple food crop of many communities in Africa. The crop is highly nutritious and has incredible grain storage quality. Limited research investment in finger millet in the past has resulted in poor yields and there are currently no commercial hybrids. We investigated the response of different finger millet genotypes (Okhale-1, Gulu-E, KACCIMMI-72, IE 2872, IE 4115 and U-15) to the application of a plant growth regulator hormone (Ethrel). Six elite Kenyan finger millet varieties with contrasting agronomic traits were crossed in a 6 x 6 diallel pattern. To enhance male sterility across female parents, we subjected the plants to Ethrel at concentrations of 1,500ppm, 1,750ppm and 2,000ppm against a 0ppm check. Dwarfing of sprayed plants that resulted in less lodging and ultimately higher yields were observed among plants sprayed with Ethrel at different concentrations. Ethrel application at 2,000ppm had the most dwarfing effect on plants while spraying plants with 1,500ppm of Ethrel resulted in increased grain weight. Although our results demonstrate overall positive effect of Ethrel on finger millet production, the optimum concentrations for more efficient hybridization will still need to be determined.

5

Morphological and biochemical responses to gibberellic acid in Magnolia × ‘Spectrum’ in vitro

100%

Wojtania A. , Skrzypek E. , Gabryszewska E.

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tom 58

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nr 1

EN

The total soluble sugar content and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied for the first time during axillary shoot formation in Magnolia × ‘Spectrum’ in vitro in response to BAP (0.3 mg lˉ¹), different levels of gibberellic acid (GA3; 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg lˉ¹), sucrose (20 and 30 g lˉ¹) and nitrogen salts (KNO3/NH4NO3; 100/100% and 75/50% relative to MS medium). Among various GA3 and sucrose/nitrogen salts ratios, the most effective axillary multiplication (5.9 shoots/explant) and leaf formation (25.7 leaves per multiplied clumps) were obtained after addition of GA3 at 0.1 mg lˉ¹ to a BAP medium containing 20 g lˉ¹ sucrose and reduced levels of nitrogen salts (75% KNO3 and 50% NH4NO3). The addition of GA3 to the BAP medium enhanced shoot formation by 36% and leaf formation by 27%. The highest shoot formation capacity of M. × ‘Spectrum’ in vitro coincided with enhanced levels of soluble sugar and peroxidase (POD) activity. Increasing GA3 concentration from 0.1 to 1.0 mg lˉ¹ in the above medium resulted in inhibition of shoot and leaf formation and a decrease in the soluble sugar content. The influence of GA3 on the activities of catalase (CAT) and POD depended on its concentration and the levels of sucrose and nitrogen salts in the medium. The highest increase in CAT and POD activities, that coincided with the enhanced shoot formation capacity of M. × ‘Spectrum’ in vitro, was observed after addition of GA3 to the medium containing high levels of sucrose and nitrogen salts.

6

Agronomic performance and heterosis of strawberry inbred hybrids obtained by top-cross mating system

100%

Kaczmarska E. , Gawronski J.

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2019

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tom 18

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nr 1

EN

The aim of this study was to develop an inbred lines from octoploid strawberry and to determine their breeding value by estimating the effects of general combining ability (GCA) and mid-parent heterosis. All inbred lines were obtained through selfing using five cultivars. The number of inflorescences, number of flowers per inflorescence, fruit yield, fruit number per plant, average fruit weight, number and weight of leaves as well as number of runners per plant were recorded from 2014 to 2015. The highest breeding value was estimated for maternal forms of ‘Senga Sengana’ 17 for six important traits. The lowest GCA effects were exhibited by inbred lines derived from clone 1387 18. Degree of heterosis for a given trait differed greatly among hybrids. The highest heterosis in terms of a number of inflorescences, fruit yield, number of fruits per plant and leaf weight occurred in the Kent 7-14 × ‘Dukat’ progeny. The results obtained could be used to evaluate the agronomic performance and to make more efficient choices of parents in current strawberry breeding programs

7

Identyfikacja donorów genów przywracających meska płodność u mieszańców żyta ze sterylizującą cytoplazmą Pampa

80%

Kolasinska I.

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2014

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nr 271

8

A study of selected features of Shan Tong variety of plantation paulownia and its wood properties

80%

Kozakiewicz P. , Laskowska A. , Ciolek S.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

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2020

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tom 111

9

Effect of different Kplus/Ca2plus rations on yield, quality and physiological disorder in soilless strawberry cultivation

80%

Adak N.

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2019

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tom 18

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nr 2

EN

The balance of mineral nutrients in plant nutrient solutions has an influence on yield, fruit quality and physiological disorder of strawberries grown in soilless conditions. Nutrient solutions that enhance the yield and quality of plants grown in soilless conditions are optimized through anion-cation equilibrium, optimum K++Ca2+/Mg2+ and K+/Ca2+ ratios. In this study, the effect of three different K+/Ca2+ ratios (5.5/7.0; 5.0/7.0; 6.0/6.0) on some morpho-physiological features (crown diameter, chlorophyll index, leaf temperature), fruit yield, fruit quality (fruit weight, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, firmness) and physiological disorder (tip burn) of ‘Albion’ and ‘Festival’ strawberries, were investigated. Results show that increasing K+/Ca2+ ratios significantly accelerated the tip burn incidence. On the other hand, the highest yield, firmness and the lowest tip burn were achieved at 5.5/7.0 ratio of K+/Ca2+ treatment.

10

Energetic properties of green chips made of branches of wood species Populus x euroamericana clone Pannonia grown on plantations

80%

Dzurenda L.

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tom 82

11

Chemical composition of berries of induced allotetraploid forms Ribes nigrum L. x Grossularia reclinata Mill

80%

Buchenkov I. , Lemiasheuski V. , Chernetskaya A.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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2020

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tom 24

12

Identyfikacja roślinnych mieszańców oddalonych - przegląd metod

80%

Orlikowska T. , Wiejacha K. , Marasek A.

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2001

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nr 220

3-21

PL

Krzyżowanie międzygatunkowe i międzyrodzajowe jest ważną metodą we współczesnej hodowli. Celem tego krzyżowania jest najczęściej włączenie genów z form nieuprawnych do materiału hodowlanego, warunkujących lepszą zdolność przystosowawczą do niesprzyjających warunków uprawy i odporność na czynniki patogeniczne. W wyniku krzyżowania oddalonego mogą zaistnieć warunki do powstawania zarodków apomiktycznych oraz do eliminacji całego lub części genomu jednego, albo obojga partnerów. Dlatego jest ważne, aby jak najwcześniej zweryfikować status genetyczny powstających siewek lub zregenerowanych roślin. Weryfikację można prowadzić wykorzystując uprzednio opracowane markery. W tej pracy omówiono metody testowania mieszańców oddalonych na podstawie markerów morfologicznych, cytologicznych i molekularnych.

EN

Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization is a method of high importance in modern plant breeding. The goal of distant hybridization is introduction of genes to breeding materials from wild species, which code for resistance to non-favourable agricultural conditions and to pathogenic factors. In course of distant hybridization conditions may occur for formation of apomictic embryos, as well as for elimination of the whole genome of one partner or a part of chromosomes of one or both partners. For this reason, it is important to verify genetic status of arising seedlings or regenerants as early as possible. Such verification can be performed using markers established earlier by means of diverse methods. In this paper several methods of verification are discussed based on morphological, cytological and molecular markers.

13

Ocena wartosci kombinacyjnej linii pszenicy ozimej na podstawie dwuletniego doswiadczenia

80%

Kadlubiec W. , Lonc W. , Zalewski D.

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nr 34

179

14

The assessment of grain quality of maize cultivars depending on the way and term of herbicides application

70%

Golebiowska H. , Rola H.

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2010

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nr 02

15

Wpływ zachwaszczenia na plonowanie dwóch mieszańców kukurydzy uprawianych na kiszonkę

70%

Szalezniak E.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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1988

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tom 349

RU

В микроделяночных опытах проведенных в 1981-1982 гг. на опытном поле Кэмпа в Пулавах, сравнивали развитие и динемику прироста массы и урожаи двух гибридов кукурузы на силос (ЛГ 5 и Кб 270) пропалываемых вручную или химически или непропалываемых. Засорение приводило к значительному снижению массы кукурузы углубляющемуся с продвижением роста до свыше 70% по отношению к варианту ручной прополки и достигающему минимума в фазе завязывания семян сорняками. Затем, по мере созревания кукурузы различия как в общих урожаях сухой массы, так и урожаях початков между прополотыми и непропоолотыми вариантами сокращались. Урожай сухой массы початков показывал более сильное снижение, чем урожай целых растений. Сорняки сильнее ограничивали урожаи гибрида Кб 270, чем гибрида ЛГ 5.

EN

Growth, mass increment dynamics and yielding of two silage maize hybrids (LG 5 and Kb 270) weeded manually or chemically and unweeded were compared in the microplot experiments carried out in 1981 and 1982 on an experimental field Kępa at Puławy. Weediness resulted in a very considerable maize mass drop, which deepened along the growth to over 70% in relation to the treatment of manual weeding and reached its maximum at the stage of weed seed formation. Then, along with ripening cf maize the differences both in total dry matter yields and yields of cobs between weeded and weedy treatments decreased. The dry matter yield of cobs showed a greater decrease than the yield of whole plants. Weeds reduced to a higher degree yields of the Kb 278 hybrid than those of the LG 5 hybrid.

16

Podatność mieszańców kukurydzy na występowanie fuzariozy kolb kukurydzy

61%

Tekiela A. , Koziol M. , Mazur A. , Wojnarowicz T.

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nr 4

EN

The aim of performed research work was to study susceptibility of maize cobs to infection by fungi of Fusarium genus. The cobs were evaluated before harvesting of maize crop for Fusarium occurrence on grains according to the 1–5 scale. The best resistance showed cultivars: Anjou 248, ES Ballade, Subito and Lavena. The most susceptible to Fusarium species were cultivars: Monumental, DKC 3420, Salado and Amoroso.

17

Ocena fenologiczna i morfologiczna oraz plonowanie cebul odmian narcyzów uprawianych w cyklu jednorocznym i trzyletnim w warunkach przyrodniczych Olsztyna. Część I. Przebieg fenofaz narcyzów (Narcissus L.) i czas ich trwania

61%

Wazbinska J. , Brych A. , Ploszaj B.

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tom 525

PL

Badania nad przebiegiem fenofaz odmian narcyzów przeprowadzono w latach 1998-2001 w Ogrodzie Zakladu Dydaktycznego Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie. Badaniami objęto 8 odmian narcyzów z różnych grup: ‘Carlton’, ‘Gigantic Star’ z grupy Narcyzy Wielkoprzykoronkowe; ‘Cheerfulness’, ‘Golden Ducat’, ‘Tahiti’, ‘Yellow Cheerfulness’ z grupy Narcyzy Pełne; ‘Geranium’, ‘Scarlet Gem’ z grupy - Mieszańce Tazetta. Odmiany te uprawiano w cyklu jednorocznym i trzyletnim. W okresie badań wykonano obserwacje fenofaz: rozpoczęcie wegetacji, początek kwitnienia, pełnia kwitnienia, koniec kwitnienia, zakończenie wegetacji, liczba dni wegetacji, liczba dni od rozpoczęcia wegetacji do początku kwitnienia oraz długość okresu kwitnienia. Fenofazy te notowane u badanych odmian narcyzów miały jednakowy przebieg zarówno w uprawie jednorocznej, jak i w uprawie trzyletniej i zależały od temperatury powietrza oraz opadów w poszczególnych latach badań. Początek wegetacji następował na przełomie lutego i marca. Najwcześniej w obu uprawach rozpoczęły kwitnienie odmiany: ’Carlton’, ‘Geranium’, ‘Gigantic Star’ i ‘Scarlet Gem’. Najdłuższym okresem kwitnienia w obu uprawach wyróżniły się odmiany ‘Carlton’ (8—19 dni) i ‘Gigantic Star’ (10-18 dni), a najkrótszym ‘Yellow Cheerfulness’ (9-13 dni) i ‘Cheerfulness’ (10-14 dni).

EN

The study on phenophases of narcissus cultivars was conducted in 1998-2001 at the Garden of Dydactic Department, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn. The study covered eight narcissus cultivars from various groups: ‘Carlton’, ‘Gigantic Star’ from the Large-cupped Narcissus group; ‘Cheerfulness’, ‘Golden Ducat’, ‘Tahiti’, ‘Yellow Cheerfulness’ from the Full Narcissus group; ‘Geranium’, ‘Scarlet Gem’ from Tazetta Hybrids group. The cultivars were grown in an annual and triennial cycles. During the study plant phenophases were observed: beginning of vegetation, beginning of flowering period, full blossom, end of flowering period, end of vegetation, number of vegetation days, number of days from the beginning of vegetation to the beginning of flowering, duration of flowering period. The course of these phenophases in narcissus cultivars under study was similar in the annual and triennial cultivation, and depended on the air temperature and precipitation in particural years of study. Vegetation started at the end of February/beginning of March. Beginning of the flowering period was the earliest in following cultivars: ’Carlton’, ‘Geranium’, ‘Gigantic Star’ and ‘Scarlet Gem’. The flowering period was the longest in both types of cultivation in cultivars ‘Carlton’ (8-19 days) and ‘Gigantic Star’ (10-18 days); it was the shortest in ‘Yellow Cheerfulness’ (9-13 days) and ‘Cheerfulness’ (10-14 days).

18

Assessment of susceptibility of „stay-green” type maize cultivars (Zea mays L.) to maize smut [Ustilago maydis (DC.) Corda] and European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.)

61%

Szulc P. , Idziak R. , Woznica Z. , Sobiech L.

Progress in Plant Protection

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2014

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tom 54

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nr 3

EN

The aim of the study was monitoring prevalence of corn smut and European corn borer on maize plants with „stay-green” genotype. Four cultivars bred by Syngenta Seeds were analyzed: NK Cooler, Delitop, NK Gazelle and NK Ravello. A significant influence of thermal and humidity conditions during maize vegetation seasons on infestation of the examined agrophages was demonstrated. However, no significant differences were noted in susceptibility of the examined hybrids to infestation rate with Ustilago maydis and prevalence of Ostrinia nubilalis. A tendency was observed towards higher occurrence of European corn borer on cultivar NK Gazelle, and higher frequency of plants infested with U. maydis on cultivar NK Ravello, when compared to the mean value of the years.

PL

Celem badań było monitorowanie występowania głowni kukurydzy oraz omacnicy prosowianki na roślinach kukurydzy charakteryzujących się genotypem „stay-green”. Ocenie poddano cztery odmiany kukurydzy hodowli Syngenta Seeds: NK Cooler, Delitop, NK Gazelle oraz NK Ravello. Wykazano istotny wpływ warunków termiczno-wilgotnościowych w sezonach wegetacyjnych kukurydzy na szkodliwość badanych agrofagów. Nie wykazano istotnych różnic podatności badanych mieszańców na stopień porażenia przez Ustilago maydis oraz występowanie Ostrinia nubilalis. Stwierdzono tendencję do częstszego występowania omacnicy prosowianki na odmianie NK Gazelle, natomiast wyższej frekwencji roślin porażonych przez U. maydis na odmianie NK Ravello, w porównaniu do wartości średniej z lat badań.

19

Podatnosc mieszancow gruszy na zaraze ogniowa

61%

Bokszczanin K. , Krajewski P. , Schollenberger M. , Przybyla A. A. , Odziemkowski S.

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tom 47

|

nr 2

48-54

20

Ocena fenologiczna i morfologiczna kilku klonów lilii hodowli A. Hajdysa uprawianych w warunkach Olsztyna. Część I. Ocena fenologiczna i morfologiczna pędu i liści

61%

Ploszaj B.

|

tom 525

PL

Analizę fenologiczną przeprowadzono w warunkach uprawowych w Zakładzie Dydaktyczno-Doświadczalnym UWM w Olsztynie w systemie doświadczeń polowych porównując badane klony. Materiał roślinny stanowiły klony lilii z grupy Mieszańców Azjatyckich wyhodowane w gospodarstwie A. Hajdysa: ‘Impet’, ‘Estyma’, ‘Furora’, ‘Altai’, ‘Aria’, ‘Gloria’, ‘Abizag’. Obserwacje prowadzono w trakcie całego okresu wegetacyjnego, oddzielnie dla każdego genotypu. W trakcie cyklu wegetacyjnego badane klony okazały się odporne na niesprzyjające warunki atmosferyczne Olsztyna. Odporność na choroby i szkodniki oceniono na 7° (w 9-stopniowej skali). Badane klony rozpoczęły okres kwitnienia pomiędzy 48-69 dniem od rozpoczęcia okresu wegetacji.

EN

This study aimed at assessment of morphological characteristics of the lily dones from Asiatic Hybrids group bred by A. Hajdys: ‘Impet’, ‘Estyma’, ‘Furora’, ‘Altair’, ‘Aria’, ‘Gloria’, ‘Abizag’. The clones began to blossom after 48-69 days from the beginning of vegetation. The evaluated clones wintered in the ground. They proved to be resistant to adverse climata conditions. Their resistance to diseases and pests was graded at level 7° in a 1-9 scale.