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1 2022

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Wyniki ratowniczych badań wykopaliskowych w Swarzewie stan. 41, gm. Władysławowo

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Inga Michalak K. I. , Połczyński Ł.

Pomorania Antiqua

2022

tom Tom XXXI

65–86

The article presents the results of the rescue excavations at the Swarzewo 41 (AZP 03-41/2) settlement site located in Władysławowo commune, ca. 3 km south of the Baltic Sea coastline and 2.5 km west of the Puck Bay (N: 54,778390; E:18,381715). The site has been explored on October 18, 2018, and October 24 – November 09, 2018 by Azupiranu Jakub Prager in advance of the construction of a gas processing plant under the BalticGas Project. In total, an area of 2470 square metres was excavated (Fig. 1). Within the research, a total number of 13 archaeological features were documented and excavated, and 623 pottery shards, two pieces of daub, and one flint were recovered and analysed. Distribution of archaeological features was limited to a small area, mainly in trench 4 (Fig. 2). Pits were grouped in an area of ca. 11 metres radius with six pits with traces of burnt and one fire pit in the central part of this area. No traces of permanent settlement were observed. This probably indicates that Swarzewo 41 was a short-term settlement. The pottery is characteristic of Lusatian-Pomeranian cultural cycle and can be broadly dated to the Late Bronze Age/beginning of Early Iron Age (from the end of Bronze V to Hallstatt D). The pottery underwent macroscopic technological (raw material and admixture), taphonomic (degree of fragmentation and surface damage) and stylistic (characteristic of rims, bases and handles, and types of vessels) analyses. As the analysis demonstrated, pottery fragments were remains of about 66 vessels. Pottery fragmentation was categorized on the basis of shards size (1 cm, 2–3 cm, 4–6 cm, 7–10 cm, 11< cm), the part of the vessel represented (B–body, W–rim, D–base, U–handle, N–leg) and the degree of surface damage (Table 1). Ceramic is highly fragmented and poorly preserved which is typical of the pottery excavated from the settlement sites related to the Lusatian-Pomeranian cultural cycle. The pottery paste contains mineral admixture – mainly a medium grain (1–2 mm) crushed rocks, less frequently sand (Table 2). Five items were made with well-prepared, fine pottery paste without admixture. Among them is a small, highly fragmented bowl (Figs. 4, 5:11). Its original surface coated with engobe has been damaged in the curse of depositional and post-depositional processes. Thanks to this, it is possible to observe traces of the potter's hands and botanical imprints left during the manufacturing of the vessel (Fig. 4). Despite the poor state of preservation and fragmentation it was possible to distinguish following forms of the vessels: a pot, round plates, bowls, and probably a fragment of a reel-like briquetage item (Figs. 5, 6).