Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Effect of habitat conditions on biomass production and nutrient cycling in selected communities of coniferous forests

100%

Banaszuk P.

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tom Vol. 49, nr 3

271-298

EN

The research on the functioning of coniferous forest ecosystems was conducted on a dune field in the southern part of the River Biebrza Valley (NE Poland; 53 stopnie 15 minut N, 22 stopnie 41 minut E). Two coniferous forest ecosystems investigated were distinguished by the occurrence of two types of phytocoenoses: the pine forest Vaccino myrtilli-Pinetum (Kobenza 1930) Br.-Bl. et Vlieg. 1939, and the pine forest Peucedano-Pinetum Mat (1962) 1974. Within the scope of the investigation were: the trophic condition of soils, the flat-lying level of ground waters, the biomass and production of the vegetation, organic fall, chemical composition of the stand and undergrowth, and the supply and losses of elements to and from the ecosystem. The aim of research was to estimate the effect of habitat conditions on the biomass production and the cycling of elements in two coniferous forest communities, and to balance the budget of elements for the separated fragments for the separated fragments of the ecosystem. Water relations belong to the most important factors of the ecological individual character of the investigated coniferous forest habitats. The humidity conditions effect the differentiation of chemical properties of soils expressed by the resources of nutrients accumulated in them. The greater humidity of the Vaccino myrtilli-Pinetum forest site effects a greater accumulation of elements bounded with organic matter in the soils of this plant association and also of such forms of these elements, which are water extractable and most easily assimilated. The soils of the bilberry coniferous forest contain greater resources of some nutrients and potentially create better conditions of plant development nevertheless the present study shows a much poorer tree cover in the Vaccino myrtilli-Pinetum than in the Peucedano-Pinetum forest. In the bilberry coniferous forest 226 trees per hectare and in red bilberry one 227 were recorded. The average height and breast-high diameter were similar in the two communities: 23 and 32-35 cm, respectively. These values affect the biomass and stand increment. The respective values were 190.4t ha^-1 and 13.3t ha^-1 year^-1 in the bilberry coniferous forest and 243.4t ha^-1 and 17.1t ha^-1 year^-1 in the red bilberry community. In the latter the organic fall is more intensive, exceding that in the bilberry forest by about 18%. The total biomass of the undergrowth distinctly varies at the stage of its maximum development. In the more humid and richer site of the bilberry coniferous forest it amounts to 16323 kg ha^-1 while in the red bilberry forest its value is smaller by 45%, reaching 8960 kg ha^-1. Irrespectively of the diversity of habitat conditions, biomass and plant production comparable amounts of nutrients are cycling in the bilberry Vaccino myrtilli-Pinetum and red bilberry Peucedano-Pinetum forests throughout the year i.e. about 70 kg of nitrogen, about 7 kg of phosphorus, 40 kg of calcium, 9 kg of magnesium, and 11 kg of potassium. In both forest associations the undergrowth plants play a significant role in the biochemical circulation of elements, especially with regard to nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus. The equivalent quantity of elements is annually assimilated and returned by plants of the two coniferous forest associations, showing that the two types of forests are in the economical phase of development.

2

Pine ecosystem response to warming along North-South climatic transect in Europe : presentation of research project

100%

Breymeyer A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2003

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tom Vol. 51, nr 4

403-411

EN

An attempt was made to evaluate the response of the ecosystem to changes of climate in ten pine forest stands. It was assumed that the ecosystem response to environmental change can be evalued by examining differences in ecosystem structures and would be measured through the change in the rates of ecosystem processes. The changes of structures and rates are registered along the longest, N-S transect available on the European Continent above 50 stopni N. This transect in within the belt crossing Northern Scandinavia (Norvay and Finland up to 70 stopni N), the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) and Eastern Poland (from 50 stopni N). The transect covers 20 degrees oflatitude and is more than 2000 km long. The difference in average annual temperature (long-term measurements) between the two extreme sites exceeds 9 stopni C, and there is a regular soutward increase of average site temperature. Precipitation does not show any regular pattern of change along the transect. Average site elevation is 86 m a.s.l., and the average forest age 110 years. All sites are dominated by an overstory of Scots pine, and in the Braun-Blanquet classification they all belong to Vaccinio-Piceetea class of forests, which are common in Europe. During four years of study (1997, 1998, 1999 and 2000) four expeditions to the transect were organized. The Following studies were conducted on each site: the origin and structure as well as physical and chemical features of soils; tree stand age, height, basal area, biomass and carbon content; vertical and horizontal structure of ground vegetation, its diversity, biomass and carbon; litter fall, its decomposition and accumulation; and radial growth of trees.

3

The lichens of pine forests in the vicinity of Siedlce

100%

Jastrzebska B.

Seria Biologiczna. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

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2004

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tom 69

4

On the systematics of coniferous forests

88%

Matuszkiewicz W.

Seria Biologiczna. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

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2004

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tom 69

5

Limiting growth model for pine

75%

Bruchwald A.

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1991

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tom 39

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nr 2

6

Changes in the community structure of Collembola during secondary processes of succesion in the pine forest

75%

Sterzynska M.

Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne

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1995

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tom 64

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nr 1-4

7

Pleurozium schreberi - on of the most variable bryophyte species

75%

Wachowiak M. , Zielinski R.

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tom 38

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nr 2

8

The effects of litter layer and soil properties on the soil-atmosphere fluxes of greenhouse gases in karst forest, Southwest China

63%

Cheng J. , Lee X. , Zhou Z. , Wang B. , Xing Y. , Cheng H. , Tang Y.

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nr 1

EN

Temporal variation is a major source of the uncertainty in estimating the fluxes of the greenhouse gases (GHGs) in terrestrial ecosystems, and the GHG fluxes and its affecting factors in the karst region of southwest China remains weakly understood. Using the static chamber technique and gas chromatography method, the CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O fluxes were carried out between 9 and 11 a.m. at 15 day intervals from June 2008 to May 2009 in a Pinus massoniana forest. Two treatments were chosen for this study: undisturbed (soil with litter layer) and disturbed (surface litter removal). Both treatments were found to be the net source of atmospheric CO₂ and N₂O, but a sink of atmospheric CH₄. The seasonality of soil CO₂ emission coincided with the seasonal climate pattern, with high CO₂ emission rates in the hot-wet season and low rates in the cool-dry season. In contrast, seasonal patterns of CH₄ and N₂O fluxes were not clear, although higher CH₄ uptake rates were often observed in autumn and higher N₂O emission rates were often observed in spring (dry-wet season transition). The litter was active in GHG fluxes, and removal of the litter layer reduced soil CO₂ emission (17%) and increased CH₄ uptake (24%) whereas N₂O fluxes were not affected distinctly in the pine forest, indicating that litter layer had an important effect on C exchanges. In the pine forest, soil CO₂ emissions and CH₄ uptakes correlated significantly with soil temperature (r²= 0.87, P <0.01; r²= 0.34, P <0.05, respectively), but had no significant relationship with soil moisture. And there was a significant correlation between CH₄ flux and NH₄⁺-N (r²= 0.39, P < 0.05) and soil inorganic N (r²= 0.48, P <0.05), but no significant correlation was found between CH₄ flux and NO₃⁻-N. Moreover, we found a significant negative logarithmic correlation between N₂O flux and soil NO₃⁻-N concentration (r²= 0.41, P <0.05), and the relationship between CO₂ emission and soil inorganic N content (r²= 0.35, P < 0.05). These results suggested that soil temperature and mineral N dynamics largely affected the temporal GHG exchanges between forest soil and atmosphere.

9

Species diversity and composition of fungal communities in a Scots pine forest affected by the great cormorant colony

63%

Kutorga E. , Irsenaite R. , Iznova T. , Kasparavicius J. , Markovskaja S. , Motiejunaite J.

Acta Mycologica

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2013

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tom 48

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nr 2

EN

A Scots pine forest, affected by the great cormorant colony, was studied by plot-based fungal survey method during the years 2010-2012 in Lithuania. Diversity and composition of fungal communities were investigated at five zones that had been influenced by different stages of breeding colony establishment: starting-point and almost abandoned cormorant colony part (zones A and B), active part (zones C and D), and the edge of the colony (zone E). The control zone G in undamaged by cormorants pine stand was assessed too. A total of 257 fungal species of ascomycetes including anamorphic fungi, basidiomycetes and zygomycetes were recorded. Seven species were registered for the first time in Lithuania. Species richness in the examined zones varied, lowest being in zones B (51 species), C (46) and D (73) and almost twice as high in the zones A and E (129 and 120, respectively). The comparison of fungal species compositions of different zones showed that their similarity was rather low (SS: 0.22–0.59). The most obvious changes in the trophic structure of fungal communities in the territory occupied by the bird colony were a strong decrease of mycorrhizal species, the presence of coprophilous fungi on forest litter, and the appearance of host-specialized fungi on alien and non-forest plants that have established in the disturbed forest.

10

Post-fire changes of soil seed banks in the early successional stage of pine forest

63%

Kwiatkowska-Falinska A. , Jankowska-Blaszczuk M. , Jaroszewicz B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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tom 62

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nr 3

EN

Our research was conducted on abandoned fields which had been undergoing spontaneous succession for 40–50 years and then were partly burnt. The main objective of the study was to examine if spontaneous fire in the early successional stage of pine forest causes a decrease in the number of species, diversity and density of seed banks, and an increase in the share of species forming long term persistent seed banks. Standing vegetation and soil seed banks were studied on 20 permanent plots on adjacent burnt and unburnt sites one and twelve years after spontaneous fire. One year after the fire the number of species in the seed banks of both areas was similar (11 and 12 species). In the burnt area the Shannon index and the floristical similarity between the seed bank and standing vegetation were lower, and seed density five times higher than in the unburnt area (15 691.5 m–2 vs.3426.5 m–2). This was mainly the effect of the high number of seedlings of Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull and Spergula morisonii Boreau germinating from the burnt plots. Twelve years after the fire the number of species in both seed banks had increased little, but seed density in the burnt area (1742.5 m–2) had decreased 16 times, while that of the unburnt area had changed only slightly (2875.5 m–2). At the same time the Shannon index for the burnt area increased considerably, whereas for the unburnt one it did not change. Our study shows that the long-term persistent soil seed bank plays a fundamental role at the beginning of the post-fire regeneration of temperate coniferous forest vegetation. Germination of Calluna seedlings from the burnt soil seed banks in several times higher numbers than from unburnt soil seed banks may suggest that heat from the fire promotes a loss of dormancy in the heather seeds.

11

Estimation of net carbon and water exchange at a scots pine forest stand in Poland

63%

Urbaniak M. , Chojnicki B. H. , Danielewska A. , Baran M. , Olejnik J.

Acta Agrophysica. Rozprawy i Monografie

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2010

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nr 2[179]

12

Species richness and abundance of insects during post-fire succession of Pinus brutia forest in Mediterranean region

63%

Kaynas B. , Gurkan B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2008

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tom Vol. 56, nr 1

165-172

EN

In the Marmaris National Park (located on the Mediterranean coast of SW Turkey) mostly covered with Pinus brutia forests, four sites were selected to study the postfire successional trends in vegetation and insect communities. The sites represented: 1, 5, and 21 years after fire as well as control site (more than 45 years after fire). On the study plots (0.5 ha) the insects were collected with the sweep net swung along three transects each of 100 m length, in monthly intervals between August 2000 and September 2001. The number of plant species decreased from 41 to 32 along succession, as well as the number of stage-specific species but the mean height of vegetation increased with successional stage. The abundance and species richness of herbivorous insects decreased along succession as well as two main herbivore groups - xylophagous id sap-feeders. However, no major changes were found between the sites in terms of abundance or species richness of predators. This decrease in : herbivorous forms may be a result of changes in the plant architecture and vegetation structure between post-fire successional stages.

13

Phytosociological structure of Cladonio-Pinetum Juraszek 1927 of the Western Polissya of Ukraine

63%

Mertsalo M. , Soroka M.

Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach

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2017

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tom 11

14

Migration of herb layer species into the poorest post-agricultural pine woods adjacent to ancient pine forests

63%

Orczewska A. , Fernes M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2011

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tom 59

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nr 1

EN

The recovery of species composition typical for ancient forests in recent woods is a very slow process and may last for decades or even centuries. It is enhanced only when postagricultural woods are adjacent to ancient ones. However, even in such a situation of the spatial contact of both forest types, colonization of recent woods by true forest species is a gradual process. According to studies focusing on the behaviour of individual species and their colonization rates into recent woods, it can be concluded that in more fertile habitats the migration process proceeds faster than on poorer sites. Thus, studies were conducted on light, acidic soils both in ancient and in adjoining post-agricultural pine woods (the Dicrano-Pinion Libb. 1933 alliance) and were focused on the process of the colonization of the herbaceous layer by woodland flora in recent woods. In eight transects 80 m in length perpendicular to the ancient/recent ecotone and consisting of 10 sample plots of 16 m2 laid out at intervals of 4 m, the percentage cover of herb layer species was recorded. The migration rates (based on the occurrence of the farthest individual and on the occurrence of the maximum cover of a species) for 12 forest species were calculated. The mean migration rate for all species reached 0.54 m yr–1 when based on maximum cover and 0.67 m yr–1 when based on the farthest individual and appeared to be lower than those reported in investigations in more fertile and moister habitats. The migration rates for individual species ranged from 0 to 1.21 m yr–1 and were also lower than in more fertile, black alder woodlands. The migration pattern of Vaccinium myrtillus L., the most abundant species in pine woods, fits the model based on the establishment of isolated individuals. The cover of most woodland species increased with the increasing age of a recent wood. Herb layer recovery on such sites is slower than in the more productive, fertile habitats of broadleaved forests. The ancient and recent pine woods investigated here differed in herb layer species composition despite the secondary succession having lasted for over 50–60 years.

15

Organization of club moss gametophytes and juvenile sporophyte populations in pine forests

63%

Rimgaile-Voicik R. , Naujalis J. R. , Voicikas A.

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nr 4

EN

Initial populations of club mosses were investigated in pine forests of southern Lithuania (ass. Cladonio-Pinetum and Vaccinio vitis-idaeae-Pinetum). Results show that populations of lycophyta gametophytes in some forest sites can be abundant (up to 500 individuals in a square meter). All juvenile populations were found in localities where recorded tree canopy cover was 30% or less. Localization of subterranean gametophyte populations was determined by juvenile club mosses. We mapped locations of all Lycopodium L. and Diphasiastrum Holub. juvenile sporophytes and gametophytes that occurred within three randomly selected and excavated 0.25 m² sample plots at four pine forest sites in different localities in southern Lithuania. The developmental stage of each individual was recorded. Eight out of twelve soil samples from four research localities contained subterranean gametophytes. In total 277 gametophytes and 124 juvenile sporophytes were recorded. The developmental stage and size of the gametophytes varied. Gametophytes were divided into six categories on the basis of external features. Spatial distribution of gametophytes and juvenile sporophytes were evaluated using a nearest neighbor analysis (NNA). Our results suggest that initial populations of gametophytes in pine forests are multi-aged and display a relatively stable degree of spatial aggregation. Greater aggregation occurred among juvenile sporophytes.

16

Studies on ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete in pine forest on the Lithuania-Poland transboundary region

63%

Stankeviciene D. , Kasparavicius J.

Acta Mycologica

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2007

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tom 42

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nr 1

EN

The diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi and sporocarps abundance were investigated in 2003-2005 at nine permanent study plots in a 50-year-old pine forest. Diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi consist of 53 taxa and the majority of them belonged to the genera Cortinarius, Russula, Amanita and Tricholoma. The most frequent species, whose fruit bodies were found in each study plot, were C. cibarius, L. necator L. rufus, P. involutus, R. aeruginea, T. saponaceumand the most abundant species which made the main part of total sporocarp yield were C. cibarius and P. involutus. The lowest species richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi was in study plots with the densest cover of grasses. Maximum of species over the fruiting period was characteristic for October and for September. It was noticed that some species virtually never occurred together at the same plot (e.g. C. cibarius and H. aurantiaca), meanwhile others occurred together quite frequently (e.g. H. aurantiacaand X. badius).

17

Efekt brzegowy drogi a występowanie krzewinek z rodziny Ericaceae i zmienność pH gleb w Puszczy Noteckiej

63%

Mizera P. , Grajewski S. M.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2016

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tom nr III/2

867--881

PL

W dotychczasowych badaniach wiele uwagi poświęcano wpływowi ciągów komunikacyjnych m.in. na zanieczyszczenie gleb metalami ciężkimi, utrudnioną migrację zwierząt, hałas czy synantropizację szaty roślinnej. W niniejszej pracy zbadano oddziaływanie drogi o bardzo małym natężeniu ruchu na roślinność zielną, a w szczególności na występowanie 3 gatunków roślin z rodziny wrzosowatych: wrzosu zwyczajnego, borówki czarnej i borówki brusznicy, oraz zmienność pH gleb. Obserwacje prowadzono w drzewostanach sosnowych w siedlisku boru świeżego i boru mieszanego świeżego na terenie Puszczy Noteckiej. Założono dwanaście prostopadłych do osi drogi prostokątnych powierzchni doświadczalnych – transektów. Na każdym z nich wyznaczono 3-4 działki badawcze zlokalizowane w różnej odległości od krawędzi jezdni. Na działkach przeprowadzono obserwacje roślinności i pomiary pH gleb. Uzyskane z transektów wyniki uśredniono w obrębie działek ulokowanych w tej samej odległości od drogi i porównano z innymi stosując metody statystyczne. Przy drodze próchnica leśna okazała się istotnie mniej kwaśna niż w głębi drzewostanu, obficiej występowała roślinność zielna, w tym wrzos zwyczajny, rzadziej natomiast pojawiały się borówka czarna i brusznica, których to częstość występowania istotnie rosła wraz ze zwiększaniem odległości od drogi.

EN

The development of the transportation network brings both benefits and threats. Much attention is paid to soil contamination with trace elements, difficulties in animal migration, noise propagation or synanthropisation of the vegetation cover. This paper deals with the effect of provincial very low-volume road No. 150 on the herbaceous vegetation cover, especially on the occurrence of 3 species of the heather family: Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus and V. vitis-idaea. Observations were conducted in pine stands in fresh coniferous forest and fresh mixed coniferous forest sites in the Puszcza Notecka Forest, Poland - one of the larger forest complexes in Europe. Twelve rectangular experimental sites were established perpendicular to the road axis, called belt transects. Each of them consisted of 3-4 plots located at different distances from the pavement edge. Measurements and estimations of herbaceous vegetation cover and pH soils were recorded for the each plots. Values from all belt transects were approximated within plots at the same distance from the road and then compared using statistical methods. By the road humus was a less acidic than in the depth of the tree stand, there was more abundant herbaceous vegetation, including Calluna vulgaris, but rarely appeared Vaccinium myrtillus and V. vitis-idaea whose incidence is increased with increasing distance from the road edge.

18

Heterospermy in some Vaccinium species

63%

Komaletdinova E. M. , Anisimova G. M.

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nr 1

19

Some floristic and habitat peculiarities of the coastal pine forests Empetro nigri-Pinetum Libb. et Siss. in Libb. 1940 em. Wojt. 1964 nom. invers.

63%

Balcerkiewicz S.

Seria Biologiczna. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

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2004

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tom 69

20

Segetal communities from the dynamic circles of coniferous pine forests of the alliance Dicrano-Pinion in the Siedlce Upland - occurrence and degree of threat

63%

Marciniuk J.

Seria Biologiczna. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

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2004

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tom 69