Nowa wersja platformy, zawierająca wyłącznie zasoby pełnotekstowe, jest już dostępna.
Przejdź na https://bibliotekanauki.pl
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 11

Liczba wyników na stronie
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
Wyniki wyszukiwania
Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  pikornawirusy
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
EN
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the genus Aphthovirus in the family Picornaviridae. FMDV enters cells via the mechanism of receptor-mediated endocytosis in which the low pH of the endosomal compartment triggers uncoating of the viral genome. FMDV enters cells by attaching itself to cellular receptor molecules of the integrin family. For FMDV the receptor has been identified as the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) binding integrin. The integrin-binding RGD is located in the G-H loop of VP1 and it is highly conserved among all seven serotypes. The FMDV genome organization is similar to that of other picornaviruses. The genome is composed of three parts, the 5’ non-translated region (5’NTR), the coding region and the 3’ non-translated region (3’NTR) containing a heteropolymeric segment and poly(A) tail, which is required for viral replication. The 5’NTR plays important roles in cap-independent translation initiation of the viral polyprotein and in viral genome replication. After translation, the polyprotein is cleaved into four primary cleavage products: the amino terminal L protease; P1-2A, the precursor of the capsid proteins; 2BC and P3 which are cleaved into nonstructural proteins.
EN
Human rhinoviruses (HRV) are one of the nine genera belonging to a large family of Picornaviridae. They are responsible for the most cases of common cold, as well as one third to one half of upper respiratory tract (URT) infections. However, HRV are also associated with more severe illnesses, like acute otitis media, sinusitis and some lower respiratory tract diseases such as pneumonia, wheezing in children and exacerbations of asthma. Viral infections are associated with the majority of asthma exacerbations both in children (80-85%) and adults (75-80%), and about 60% of these are caused by HRV. However, the exact mechanism of HRV-induced exacerbations of the disease is not well understood, which makes it difficult to establish the effective treatment. There have already been many attempts to develop a sensitive and specific method of HRV detection in clinical samples. Some of them were based on virus cultures followed by acid lability test, whereas others implemented the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and amplification of conserved sequences of the rhinoviral genome. As numerous of these sequences are common to both rhinoviruses and enteroviruses (EVs), further analyses were necessary, which made those methods laborious, time-consuming and too difficult to use in routine diagnostics. Steininger et al. established an RT-PCR-based sensitive and specific method of rhinovirus detection in clinical samples, which was tested to amplify 87 different tissue-culturegrown serotypes of HRV. The aim of this study was to evaluate a modified RT-PCR based method of HRV detection in clinical samples obtained from patients with asthma exacerbations. We collected 41 nasal lavages from patients with asthma exacerbations who received hospital treatment either following an admission or in an out-patient clinic. HRV was found in 22 cases (54%), which corresponded well with the published data.
EN
The paper reviews literature that evaluates the importance of the following groups of viruses in the etiology of diarrhea in pigs, that occur mostly from birth to weaning. These are as follows: Adenoviruses, Rotaviruses, Reoviruses, Picornaviruses, Enteroviruses, Caliciviruses and Astroviruses. Their common properties are: usually low and facultative pathogenicity, dependent on the level of innate immunity of the animal; participation as one of the factors of a multifactorial etiology, usually together with several taxonomically different viruses; contribution to the emergence of clinical symptoms in pigs, together with an unsatisfactory level of welfare which frequently occurs in large farms based on industrial technologies; very often occurring symptomless infections and carriership of these opportunistic microorganisms in healthy animals. These microorganisms predominantly represent RNA viruses and express a high frequency of variability of their genomes. As a consequence this may contribute to the emergence of new species, quasi-species, or variants in the enumerated groups of viruses, in addition to variants also pathogenic for humans. At present it is difficult to define which species or variants of the mentioned groups of viruses - besides the mentioned environmental factors - initiate the multifactorial, enteric disease of pigs. However it may not be excluded that Torque teno or PCV2 viruses and some bacterial enteropathogens, particularly E. coli serotypes pathogenic for swine, may be taken into account.
first rewind previous Strona / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.