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Uwarunkowania lokacyjne i fizjograficzne powodzi w Nowej Soli

100%

Wróbel I. , Wróbel I.

tom nr 131(12)

399-407

Podtopienia budowli, wsi i miast wynikają bardzo często z błędnej lokacji i niedostatecznego rozpoznania warunków fizjograficznych, a w szczególności z braku informacji o zmianach stanów wody w ciekach i stanów wód gruntowych oraz wielkości amplitud wahań tych wód. Epizodyczne powodzie niekiedy mogą pojawiać się także w naszych warunkach fizjograficznych w czasie gwałtownych nawalnych deszczów i innych zjawisk przyrodniczych. Powodzie w Nowej Soli to wynik błędów lokacyjnych osady i uwarunkowań fizjograficznych. W artykule przedstawiono krótką genezę lokacji Nowej Soli oraz czynniki decydujące o powodziach w tym mieście.

Drowning of building, villages and cities very often are effect of incorrect location and insufficient recognition of physiographic conditions, and in peculiarity from lack of information about changes of water states in rivers and states of land waters as well as sizes of hesitations amplitudes of this waters. Episodic floods can appear also in our physiographic conditions sometimes, in time of tempestuous rains and other natural phenomena. Floods in New Salt are the result of city's location mistakes and physiographic conditioning. In paper it was introduced short history of Nowa Sól city location as well as decisive floods factors.

Effect of climate and physiography on the distribution of trees and shrubs species in Northwest Mexico

63%

Martinez-Antunez P. , Wehenkel C. , Hernandez-Diaz J. C. , Gonzalez-Elizondo M. , Corral-Rivas J. J. , Pinedo-Alvarez A.

tom 61

nr 2

In order to understand the environmental variables that may impact more on the distribution of species of trees and shrubs, a correlation analysis applying the Covariation (C) of Gregorius was conducted among 14 variables of climate and physiography, and the number of individuals of 72 species, which were found in 1804 sampling plots (covering about 123,317 km²) of the National Forests and Soils Inventory (INFyS) developed by the National Forest Commission in Mexico (CONAFOR). Among the studied species there are several of the genera Quercus, Pinus and Junniperus, which are mainly distributed in the Sierra Madre Occidental, where they stand out for their abundance. The results show that the density of 88% of the studied species have a significant correlation (P <0.025) with at least five of the 14 variables analyzed. Seven of the variables showed significant correlation (P <0.025) with at least 74% of the studied species: ‘Julian date of last spring frost’ with an average value of covariation (C) equal to 0.71, ‘average duration of the frost-free period’ with average value of C = 0.71’, degree days above 5℃’ with covariation of 0.69, ‘altitude above sea level’ with C = 0.66; ‘mean temperature in the coldest month’, ‘mean temperature in the warmest month’ and ‘mean annual temperature’, with average values of C = 0.65 for each of these last three variables. The ‘geographic orientation of the ground’ was the least correlated with the density of the species, since only 10% of them showed significant correlation with this variable.

Physiographic and meteorological conditions in the Doplyw spod Nowej Wsi catchment during the last 150 years

51%

Okonski B. , Miler A. T. , Panfil M.

nr 06

The paper covers research on physiographic features and anthropogenic factors influence on natural pond water storage. The problem was investigated both at the level of the Dopływ spod Nowej Wsi catchment (27.53 km2) and the smaller spatial unit Bagna Ramuckie natural pond (12.4 ha). Dynamics of physiographic features, changes of hydrographical network and anthropogenic factors including water, land and forest management practices were investigated. The decisive factor modulating processes of water storage rebuilding for investigated spatial units seems to be dynamics and long-term directional changes of air temperature. Rebuilding of pond water storage occurred after a 40-year period of air temperature decrease and the decline of water storage after a 20-year period of air temperature increase. Precipitation had minor significance in modulating pond water storage in long-term periods, because lack of long-term precipitation trends in analysed period. Although in short-term periods precipitation have important modulating impact on a decline of pond storage. The decline occurred after the dry period from 1989 to 1995 as a result of high deficit of climatic water balance. Spectacular rebuilding of pond water storage occurred in Bagna Ramuckie after the cold and wet period from 1956 to 1965. Non-climatic physiographic features and anthropogenic factors did not influence the processes of pond water storage rebuilding and decline because both of these factors seemed to be stationary over at least eight decades of 20th century, while processes of storage rebuilding or decline lasted over the investigated spatial unit.

Lichens growing on calcareous rocks in the Polish part of the Sudety Mountains

44%

Kossowska M.

tom 03