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2014
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tom 3
27-42
EN
The aim of this paper is to determine the functions of phrasemes and their modifications in press advertisements. To ensure solid foundations for the above mentioned intention, the functions have been divided into 1) the ones resulting from the function of advertisements, and 2) the ones resulting from phraseme functions. Phrasemes in their “nature” contribute to the fact that thanks to their known form, addressees memorise the advertising message more quickly, because phrasemes become more quickly acquired thanks to the fact that they are based on well-known and recorded in the memory patterns, or thanks to associating the new elements of the phraseme with the old ones. In this way the effort necessary for fixing the new information in the memory is reduced. Thanks to their commonly known and unique form, phrasemes increase the reliability of the phrase and evoke positive emotions among potential customers. Besides, phrasemes and their modifications often perform advertising functions. First, thanks to the use of a commonly known phrase or a skillfully transformed modification, they focus potential customers’ attention on themselves, inviting them in this way to get to know the advertising text in more detail. Second, they may become informed not only about the existence of a product, but also about product or service benefits. Third, they may provide potential customers with the arguments supporting the idea of the product purchase. Besides, in the epoch of information overload and advertisements, advertisement creators conveying their message need to provide enjoyable entertainment to customers. Phrasemes and their modifications in advertisements perform this function, too.
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tom 1
273–286
EN
The article belongs to the series of publications devoted to the investigation of fundamental human emotions representated in Ukrainian phrasal verbs. The article examines the psychophysiological patterns of emotions of shame and guilt in Ukrainian phraseology. The subject of the article includes denotation phrases of shame and guilt in the Ukrainian language. A parametric analysis of the semantic structure of the phrase is used as the main method. In Ukrainian phraseology, the studies of the pantomimic expressions of shame and guilt are consistent with cross-cultural explorations and descriptions of fundamental human emotions actualized in kinesthetic phrases. Vegetative body reactions to shame are represented by heat and redness. The eyes, face and body are the main non-verbal indicators of shame and guilt. However, the loci of shame are the soul and the heart. In the Ukrainian culture, there is a connection between shame and public opinion and reputation. Shame and guilt threaten with a potential loss of reputation. The emotion of guilt is also predicated by the intention to ‘scapegoating’ and marked by negative concepts (swamp, dirt, mud, sludge).
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nr 17
59-68
EN
The paper discusses the presence of foreign phraseological units and of their grammatical features in phraseological dictionaries of general Polish. The author adduces lexicographical descriptions of specific phrasemes from Polish and foreign words dictionaries, and compares them with corpus data. Based on these analyses, she proposes a set of detailed solutions which were implemented in Słownik elektroniczny jednostek frazeologicznych (SEJF) ‘Electronic Dictionary of Multi-Word Units’ that she is preparing. SEJF is going to be the first electronic grammatical dictionary of Polish idiomatic phrases to provide paradigms for the described units. The paper closes with a list of one hundred analysed phrasemes, each with the assigned lexeme class and, in the case of nouns, also the gender value.
EN
In the second half of the last century the English term black hole was borrowed into Polish and Russian. Soon, secondary meanings began to appear predominantly in journalistic texts. They have been partially recorded in linguistic dictionaries. The aim of this paper is to show the secondary meanings of the phrase czarna dziura / чернаядыра listed in dictionaries as well as those present only in Polish and Russian texts.
5
Content available Tytuły jako skrzydlate słowa
63%
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nr 15
301-311
EN
The article discusses the issue of the “second life” of titles which, separated from the original text, start to function in the texts of other authors as winged words. The author has described the works that have been written on this topic based on the materials from magazines, belles-lettres and books discussing the titles of films. Twelve titles were presented which have been taken over by the authors of at least two new texts. The research material included ten Polish novels from the years 1969–2013. Twelve titles come from two poetic works, one song, five novels and two filmed stories, one light opera and one film. Six of them are the works of Polish authors, and the remaining six were made by foreign authors. A half of them were described in the volume Skrzydlate słowa [Winged Words] of 1990.
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nr 2
116-129
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie sposobu opisu jednostek w Słowniku elektronicznym jednostek frazeologicznych (SEJF). Przez jednostkę frazeologiczną autorka rozumie połączenie spełniające jeden z następujących warunków: znaczenie jednostki nie wynika z sumy znaczeń jej składników lub przynajmniej jeden ze składników występuje w ścile określonej dystrybucji. Stąd w słowniku znajdują się zarówno wyrażenia adwokat diabła, biały kruk, jak i po trochu, po omacku, fiksum dyrdum. W dalszej części autorka omawia poszczególne etapy opisu gramatycznego połączeń, związek SEJF-u z Narodowym Korpusem Języka Polskiego. Następnie wskazuje i dyskutuje wybrane problemy leksykograficzne i gramatyczne związane z opisem polskich frazeologizmów.
EN
The aim of the article is to present the Electronic Dictionary of Polish Multi-Word Units (SEJF). A multi‑word unit is defined as an expression which meets one of the criteria: the meanings of the words do not add up or at least one of the components appears in a specific distribution. Therefore, in the dictionary there are expressions such as a "devil’s advocate", "rara avis" as well as "bit by bit", "blindfold", "fiksum dyrdum". Later the author discusses particular stages of the grammatical description of the units and the connection between the SEJF and the National Corpus of Polish. There is also a discussion on some lexicographical and grammatical problems connected with the description of Polish multi-word units.
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2022
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nr 17
186-199
EN
The subject to be presented and described in the present paper are word combinations with mythological (Graeco-Roman) origins occurring in eight crime novels penned by Marek Krajewski, taking the shape of: (i) better or less known phrasemes, or conventional petrified multiword units reproduced in a communicative act to express particular intentions and intensions; (ii) phrasematic innovations, or phrasemes modified formally and/or semantically and used against the grain of the phraseological norm; or (iii) literary nonce phrasemes, that is multiword units created ad hoc for the purposes of style and world depiction, containing eponyms and eponymisms of mythological origin which exist in Polish. The proposed examination of conventional (the titular convention), innovative, and nonce (the titular invention) units used in the excerpted crime novels is of a qualitative and functional nature, since its focus is on an attempt to point out and discuss the functions which the selected examples serve in the literary messaging. Polyword mythology-based expressions fulfil numerous and various (often at the same time) functions in M. Krajewski’s crime novels, incl. cultural-identitarian, content-focused, expressive, evaluative, aesthetic and others.
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tom 13
123-131
EN
The article examines the peculiarities of Ukrainian idiomatic curses, i.e. special phraseological verbal formulas which are the essential structural elements of an emotional utterance in Ukrainian. They are emotionally colourful, have an expressive charge and perform various pragmatic functions in speech. Such stable speech formulas – curses – are very frequent in Ukrainian everyday spoken language. They have [a relatively] stable syntactic model: “Щоб + to whom (3. Dative) + something happened”, and are very variable in their lexical composition, emotional and evaluative semantic content. This paper discusses stable forms of curses in relation to pragmatics and in terms of their degree of expression.
PL
W artykule omawiane są właściwości ukraińskich idiomatycznych form zaklęć – szczególnych sfrazeologizowanych formuł językowych, które są istotnymi elementami wyrażania emocji w języku ukraińskim i zawierają wyrazisty ładunek ekspresyjny, pełniąc rozmaite funkcje w języku potocznym. Takie trwałe formuły językowe zaklęć lub klątw są dość często spotykane w ukraińskim języku potocznym; tworząc względnie trwałe model syntaktyczny: «щоб + кому + что-то было / что-то случилось» są one różnorodne pod względem zawartości leksykalnej oraz treści emocjonalno-wartościujących. Analiza owych trwałych form zaklęć z punktu widzenia stopnia ich ekspresji i pragmatyki jest zasadniczym celem niniejszego artykułu.
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2022
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tom 102
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nr 2
66-78
EN
The description and classification of linguistic references to the classical (Graeco-Roman) antiquity used in eight M. Krajewski’s crime novels are the main basis for the present paper. The conclusions form an attempt to look in general at the purposefulness of their use and the functions they serve, while referencing certain rules and tendencies related to crime writing and popular literature as such. The research results put forward are mostly based on the body of linguistic examination drawing from lexicology, phraseme studies, including phraseology, and onomastics. In the novels (about 600 fragments), the two-pronged (textual and paratextual) references to classical antiquity materialise in three layers: phraseme-related (polyword constructions in the form of Latin quotations and set phrases – reproductions, innovations and nonce words), lexical (Latin lexemes, eponyms and eponymisms), and onimic (primary and secondary proper names of ancient provenance among them).
PL
Podstawę opracowania stanowią przede wszystkim opis i klasyfikacja użytych w siedmiu powieściach kryminalnych M. Krajewskiego językowych odwołań do antyku klasycznego (grecko-rzymskiego). We wnioskach podjęto próbę ogólnego spojrzenia na celowość ich użycia i pełnione przez nie funkcje, z odniesieniem do pewnych prawideł i tendencji wiązanych z literaturą kryminalną i popularną w ogóle. Prezentowane wyniki badań są oparte przede wszystkim na kanwie ustaleń lingwistycznych z zakresu leksykologii, frazematyki, w tym frazeologii, i onomastyki. W powieściach (w około 600 fragmentach) na dwóch płaszczyznach (paratekstu i tekstu) realizują się odwołania do antyku klasycznego w trzech warstwach: frazematycznej (konstrukcje wielowyrazowe w postaci cytatów łacińskich i frazeologizmów – reprodukty, innowacje i okazjonalizmy), leksykalnej (leksemy łacińskie, eponimy i eponimizmy) i onimicznej (m.in. prymarne i wtórne nazwy własne o antycznej proweniencji).
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