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1
Content available Zasoby osobiste a niepełnosprawność sensoryczna
100%
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2017
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nr 43
223-245
EN
Personal resources are an important factor contributing to health and the quality of life. Their role is even greater in difficult situations, such as the ones experienced by individuals with visual and auditory impairments/deficits. The research was to diagnise personal resources of adults with isual and auditory impairments/deficits. These resources were analysed in terms of the meanig of life, self-assessment, and social support. Research was conducted with 80 respondents aged 20-30, where 40 respondents were visually impaired, and 40 respondents were auditorily impaired. Instruments used: The Meanig of Life Scale by J.C. Crumbaugh and K.T. Maholicka, A Questionnaire of Social Support by J.S. Norbeck, a Self-Assessment Scale by W.H. Fitts, and author’s own questionnarie. Research findings reveal certain divergences between groups in terms of the analysed resources, with the most significant ones in the sphere of self-assessment.
EN
Introduction. The aim of the paper was to determine the level of diversity in selected personal resources and deficits of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport (FPES) of the University of Physical Education in Warsaw, who exhibit diversity in the level of their quality of life. Material and methods. 205 persons participated in the study. By means of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the level of the respondents' quality of life was determined. Next, the diversity of personal resources level and deficits in relation to the diverse level of life were defined. Personal resources and deficits were determined by means of the following research methods: Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI), Hope for Success Questionnaire (KNS), Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Value Crisis Questionnaire (KKW). Results. High level of the quality of life was determined in one out of four students. The academic youth characterised by high level of the quality of life were more extrovert, optimistic, success driven and self-assured. On the other hand, they exhibited low level of neuroticism, value crisis and depressive disorders. Conclusions. The academic youth ought to be supported in their search for values and the meaning of life by modifications in curricula so as to actively stimulate the development of students' personal resources co-determining their high quality of life.
EN
The purpose of this project was to determine the relationships between the sense of coherence and paramedics’ coping with stress styles. Owning such resources as high sense of coherence or task-oriented coping with stress style does not imply triggering them in encountering a critical situation. However, if triggered, they become an important variable acting as an intermediary between stressful events and coping. Two concepts serve as a theoretical basis: R. Lazarus’ transactional theory of stress and Antonovsky’s salutogenic theory.
EN
Interests allow young people to define themselves, encourage the formation of positive elements of their own identity, and give value and importance to their own activities. The issues related to the components of young people’s identities have been a subject of increasing research interest in recent years. As it has been determined, there is a lack of data in Poland regarding the role of educational environments in shaping a positive identity based on the development of young people’s interests. The purpose of the study is to identify the general level of interests among adolescents. Additionally, it is important to determine whether the level of interests is linked to sense of coherence and resilience. The study was carried out on a sample of 635 adolescents of both genders, aged 14-18 years old. The participants were students of lower secondary schools of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. The following research tools were used in the study: Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOC-29), Resilience Scale (SPP-18), and author’s own measurement tool: Level of Interests Measurement Scale. In the sample of adolescents, general sense of coherence and sense of comprehensibility proved to be positively correlated with general level of interests. Regression analysis demonstrated the significance of psychological resilience components and sense of coherence factors that support the development of interests. Preventive and educational work should aim to support the shaping of a positive and creative identity by stimulating the potentials, resources and talents of young people. Young people’s passions and interests should be stimulated and encouraged towards creating a positive identity.
EN
Background. The importance of monitoring work-related stress and its consequences for mental health is underlined by the increasing prevalence of absence from work due to stress-related illnesses. Objectives. The aim of the study was to examine personal resources as mediating factors in the development of anxiety and depression from work-related stress in high-risk professions. Sample and methods. The sample comprised a total of 208 police officers, prison guards and customs officers (78.8% men, an average age of 36.5) who provided socio-demographic and job-related information. The Occupational Stress Inventory was used (OSI-R), in particular Occupational Roles Questionnaire and Personal Resources Questionnaire, State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI X-1), and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Occupational roles represent measurement of occupational stress. Statistical analysis. Structural modelling was used for statistical analysis. Results. The final model, comprising working time (emergency care, overtime, night shifts), occupational roles and personal resources, predicted 35% of variability of anxiety, and 42% of variability of depression. Significant predictors of anxiety were the roles of overload and ambiguity, which were mediated by recreation and rational-cognitive coping strategies. Significant predictors of depression were the roles of overload, insufficiency and ambiguity, which were mediated by recreation, social support and rational-cognitive coping strategies. Night shifts, overtime and emergency care did not predict anxiety and depression although they predicted occupational roles. The effect of occupational roles including overload, insufficiency and ambiguity on anxiety and depression was statistically significant, yet indirectly, by reducing personal resources. Personal resources are considerable mediating factors between stress, anxiety and depression in the studied professions. Limits. The study was cross-sectional. Causal relationships can be further tested using interventional studies.
7
92%
EN
Processes of children’s in the family are partly related to the quality of their parents’ marriage, which is influenced by various factors. Different factors have significant influence on marital quality. In particular, the link between personal characteristics of spouses (e.g. personality traits, attitudes, and values) and marital satisfaction has received much attention. However, there have been few studies concerning partners’ personal resources. The current research examined the effect of self-efficacy and resiliency on marital satisfaction among women. The study has covered 239 married women. Three questionnaires were used: the Wellmatched Marriage Questionnaire (KDM-2; Plopa, 2008), the Resiliency Assessment Scale (SPP-25, Ogińska-Bulik, Juczyński, 2008), and the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES, Polish adaptation, Juczyński, 2001). Correlation and regression analyses were performed in this study. Both general self-efficacy and resiliency proved to be positively associated with marital satisfaction in general terms. Self-efficacy also correlated positively with intimacy and similarity, while resiliency correlated positively with all favorable dimensions of marital relation, and negatively with disappointment. Regression analyses showed that one aspect of resiliency – openness to experience and sense of humour – was a significant positive predictor of marital satisfaction.
EN
Stress in the workplace, personal resources and professional burnout concern many workers in the contemporary world. These are common problems also among two groups of musicians: teaching musician and non-teaching musicians. The purpose of the study was to establish the dependence between occupational stress and burnout syndrome in these groups. The studied groups consisted of 94 musicians. The Perceived Job Stress Questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Generalized Self- Efficacy Scale, The Resiliency Assessment Scale were used in this study. The data obtained revealed significant differentiation in a level of stress in the workplace among teaching musicians and non- teaching musicians. Teaching musicians differs in comparison with non-teaching musicians in general level of stress and four its factors: psychical balance of work, lack of rewards, social contacts and uncertainty at work. The data obtained revealed significant intensity of stress feeling at work in evaluated group. However, there are no significant differences in personal resources. To conclude: higher intensity of occupational stress is connected with the greater intensification of burnout syndrome and lower intensification of sense of personal achievements in investigated group of teaching musicians.
EN
The purpose of this project was to determine the relationships between the sense of coherence and paramedics’ coping with stress styles. Owning such resources as high sense of coherence or task-oriented coping with stress style does not imply triggering them in encountering a critical situation. However, if triggered, they become an important variable acting as an intermediary between stressful events and coping. Two concepts serve as a theoretical basis: R. Lazarus’ transactional theory of stress and Antonovsky’s salutogenic theory.
EN
The concept of personal resources is used in health psychology in reference to all the factors that help in coping with stress. Moos and Schafer define personal resource as: ‘relatively stable personal and social factors, which influence the way the individual tries to tackle life crises and stress transactions’. Many researchers count the following as important personal resources: social support, ways of coping with stress, self-esteem and self-efficacy, sense of coherence, level of optimism, ability to act assertively, locus of control. Paramedics can be associated with jobs requiring above-average level of both health and psychological costs. Thus, determination of the relation between the sense of coherence and ways of coping with stress will be the subject of this project.
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tom 44
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nr 2
213-222
EN
The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between fi ve-factor personality traits and subjective health in retirement age, including the mediating role of personal resources. The sample comprised of 240 older adults approaching or of retirement age; aged 55-70 (M = 60.1 years). Subjective health was negatively associated with neuroticism and positively associated with extraversion and openness to experiences. Multiple mediation analyses indicated that personal resources (especially the sense of meaningfulness) mediated most of the analyzed associations between personality and subjective health. For conscientiousness suppressive effects were found.
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2013
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tom 44
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nr 2
213-222
EN
The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between fi ve-factor personality traits and subjective health in retirement age, including the mediating role of personal resources. The sample comprised of 240 older adults approaching or of retirement age; aged 55-70 (M = 60.1 years). Subjective health was negatively associated with neuroticism and positively associated with extraversion and openness to experiences. Multiple mediation analyses indicated that personal resources (especially the sense of meaningfulness) mediated most of the analyzed associations between personality and subjective health. For conscientiousness suppressive effects were found.
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2022
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nr 66
61-73
EN
Experiencing highly stressful events need not only entail negative consequences, but may also lead to the emergence of positive change, which is referred to as post-traumatic growth. The study shows the role of subjective resources and potential in dealing with a crisis that may constitute a possible space for development. The aim of the considerations is to look at critical life experiences as a source of change. They are related to positive adaptation (resilience). Important resilience skills include reevaluation and reinterpretation of the meaning of events in the face of threats and change. Resources and subjective potential, which moderate the negative impact of threats and adversities, help to determine positive orientation, creative human activity and the ability to transgressive actions
EN
Objectives Music educators are subjected to many physical and psychological stresses encountered in the workplace. These stresses could be counteracted by certain work-related behavior and experience patterns as personal resources to reduce the negative consequences of stress. The aim of the study was to determine the existing work-related behavioral and experiential patterns and the characteristics of the Work-Related Behavior and Experience Patterns (Arbeitsbezogenes Verhaltens- und Erlebensmuster – AVEM) questionnaire dimensions in the professional group of music educators according to age group. Material and Methods A total of 205 music educators (66.3% female) from various music schools in Germany participated in the online survey. The subjects were divided into 3 age groups (AG): AG I: ≤35 years, AG II: 36–45 years, AG III: ≥46 years. In addition to sociodemographic and occupational data, the standardized AVEM questionnaire was used according to Schaarschmidt and Fischer. The age and occupation-related data were evaluated in a correlation analysis with the expression of AVEM dimensions. Results A total of 71.4% of the music educators were ≥46 years old group. Another 12.8% belonged to AG II, and 15.8% belonged to AG III. The sex distribution in the 3 age groups was comparable (p = 0.261). The expression of all AVEM dimensions was within the reference range. The most pronounced dimension, with a stanine value of M±SD 5.2±2.15, was the willingness to spend. There was also no significant difference in the assignment to the 4 patterns in the 3 age groups (p = 0.669). Age showed a negative correlation with the experience of social support (ρ = –0.354). Conclusions The age-independent and high intervention-requiring expressions of the AVEM risk patterns A and B led to the recommendation of workplace prevention and health promotion measures. Therefore, it seems reasonable to promote appropriate stress management measures and resilience during studies.
EN
Nowadays there is a tendency that people plan and carry on their career paths beyond borders of their homeland. Even though labor migration has become less risky than before, it requires vital changes in the lifestyle as well as having personal resources which can guarantee successful accomplishment of the individual plans. In the article, the author analyzes various aspects of personal resources of Polish labor emigrants in European Union countries.
PL
Coraz częściej ludzie planują i realizują swoją karierę poza granicami własnego kraju. Mimo że emigracja zarobkowa nie jest już w takim stopniu, jak w przeszłości, naznaczona ryzykiem, to jednak wymaga istotnych zmian w życiu oraz posiadania określonych zasobów osobistych gwarantujących pomyślną realizację podjętych planów. Opracowanie stanowi przegląd badań dotyczących różnych aspektów zasobów osobistych polskich emigrantów zarobkowych do krajów Unii Europejskiej.
EN
Background Personal resources are one of the determinants of lifestyle and health. The aim of the research was to analyze the relationship between sense of generalized self-efficacy, and body mass index (BMI), diet health quality and health behaviors of female nursing students and active professional nurses. The analyzed variables in the group of students and nurses were also compared. Material and Methods The study was conducted among a group of 269 women (174 students and 95 nurses working at hospitals), using: the Beliefs and Eating Habits Questionnaire (KomPAN), Juczyński’s Health Behavior Inventory (HBI) and the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). The BMI was assessed on the basis of anthropometric measurements. Statistical calculations were performed using analysis of variance, the Student’s t-test, multivariable regression analysis and Pearson’s correlation as well as moderation analysis, with the adopted level of statistical significance at α = 0.05. Results Professionally active nurses achieved higher BMI levels (25.95 vs. 22.31 kg/m2, p < 0.001) and a higher non-healthy diet index – nHDI-14 (17.04 vs. 15.00, p = 0.038) than students. It was shown that with the increase in generalized self-efficacy (GSE), diet health quality and the level of positive mental attitude, proper eating habits and the overall index of health behaviors increased. The BMI increased with the rise in the non-healthy diet index and with the decline in health behaviors (individual categories and the overall index). It was not found that the group (students vs. working nurses) was a moderator of the relationships between health behaviors and indicators of diet health quality with GSE of the studied nurses (p > 0.05). Conclusions Nurses with a higher sense of self-efficacy declared a higher diet health quality and healthier behaviors, and their BMI was related to diet quality and health behaviors.
17
58%
EN
Processes of children’s in the family are partly related to the quality of their parents’ marriage, which is influenced by various factors. Different factors have significant influence on marital quality. In particular, the link between personal characteristics of spouses (e.g. personality traits, attitudes, and values) and marital satisfaction has received much attention. However, there have been few studies concerning partners’ personal resources. The current research examined the effect of self-efficacy and resiliency on marital satisfaction among women. The study has covered 239 married women. Three questionnaires were used: the Wellmatched Marriage Questionnaire (KDM-2; Plopa, 2008), the Resiliency Assessment Scale (SPP-25, Ogińska-Bulik, Juczyński, 2008), and the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES, Polish adaptation, Juczyński, 2001). Correlation and regression analyses were performed in this study. Both general self-efficacy and resiliency proved to be positively associated with marital satisfaction in general terms. Self-efficacy also correlated positively with intimacy and similarity, while resiliency correlated positively with all favorable dimensions of marital relation, and negatively with disappointment. Regression analyses showed that one aspect of resiliency – openness to experience and sense of humour – was a significant positive predictor of marital satisfaction.
PL
Procesy wychowania dzieci w rodzinie są związane m.in. z jakością małżeństwa ich rodziców, na którą wpływ mają różnorodne czynniki. W szczególności wiele uwagi poświęcono analizie związków między indywidualnymi cechami małżonków (np.: cechami osobowości, postawami, wartościami) a satysfakcją małżeńską. Jednocześnie w niewielu pracach odnoszono się do zasobów osobistych partnerów. W prezentowanych badaniach testowano znaczenie poczucia własnej skuteczności oraz prężności dla satysfakcji z małżeństwa wśród kobiet. Badaniami objęto 239 zamężnych kobiet. Wykorzystano trzy narzędzia: Kwestionariusz dobranego małżeństwa (KDM-2; Plopa, 2008), Skalę pomiaru prężności (SPP-25; Ogińska-Bulik, Juczyński, 2008) oraz Skalę uogólnionej własnej skuteczności (GSES; polska adaptacja Juczyński, 2001). Została przeprowadzona analiza korelacji i regresji. Zarówno uogólnione poczucie własnej skuteczności, jak i prężność okazały się pozytywnie związane z satysfakcją z małżeństwa w ogólnym wymiarze. Poczucie własnej skuteczności korelowało pozytywnie również z intymnością i podobieństwem, podczas gdy prężność pozytywnie korelowała z wszystkimi pożądanymi wymiarami małżeńskiej relacji oraz negatywnie z rozczarowaniem. Analiza regresji wykazała, że jeden z aspektów prężności – otwartość na doświadczenia i poczucie humoru – był istotnym pozytywnym predyktorem satysfakcji z małżeństwa.
18
Content available Zasoby osobiste młodzieży z rodzin niepełnych
58%
EN
The contemporary world offers humans a fast pace of life which creates a need to shape ourselves and the environment in which we function. It also provides us with a lot of experiences, events and situations, not only pleasant but also difficult and stressful ones. Stress has become an intrinsic part of human life leading to, among others things, psychological discomfort, behavioural disorders or psychosomatic illnesses. The personal resources of an individual are factors which may mediate in his/her interaction with the world. They have a lot of positive functions, among them a defensive one, a regulating one and a pro-health one. Because of that, they are considered predictors of the subjective good state and life satisfaction of the individual which aid in the fight against civilizational distress. Personal resources play a specific role in the selection of adequate remedial strategies and they influence the evaluation of the events in which the individual participates-lesser personal resources will increase the probability of evaluating the situation as more stressful. Among beneficial personal re sources we may distinguish the following; a sense of coherence and a positive selfevaluation. Besides these, the environment in which the individual lives plays an important role. Special attention is paid to the family, which should be the guarantee of an optimal environment, stimulating and supporting the development of the human. A specific character of pedagogical influence and the overriding atmosphere in the family considerably determines behavioural styles and ways of managing stress among adoles cents. The contemporary family is undergoing numerous transformations including that of its structure. The consequence of that is a growing number of incomplete families. The situation of a child raised in an incomplete family is determined, to a large extent, by the reason for the family’s incompleteness and the fact that the factors causing it may have a long-term effect. The subject of interest are the issues concerning the personal resources of adolescents from incomplete families in terms of a sense of coherence and self-evaluation, involving Antonovsky’s Orientation to Life Questionnaire and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale.
PL
Współczesny świat oferuje człowiekowi szybkie tempo życia, wymuszając konieczność kształtowania samego siebie i otoczenia, w którym funkcjonuje oraz dostarczając mu wiele doświadczeń, wydarzeń i sytuacji nie tylko przyjemnych, ale również trudnych i stresowych. Stres stał się więc nieodłączną częścią życia jednostki, prowadząc między innymi do powstawania dyskomfortu psychicznego, zaburzeń w zachowaniu czy chorób psychosomatycznych. Czynnikami, które mogą pośredniczyć w konfrontacji ze światem są zasoby osobiste jednostki. Pełnią one wiele pozytywnych funkcji, między innymi obronną, regulacyjną czy prozdrowotną. Dlatego też uznaje się je za predykatory subiektywnego dobrostanu i satysfakcji życiowej jednostki, pomagające efektywnie walczyć z cywilizacyjnym dystresem. Zasoby osobiste odgrywają szczególną rolę w doborze odpowiednich strategii zaradczych oraz wpływają na ocenę samego wydarzenia, w którym uczestniczy jednostka – mniejsze zasoby będą zwiększać prawdopodobieństwo oceny sytuacji w kategorii bardziej stresującej. Wśród korzystnych zasobów osobistych można między innymi wyróżnić: poczucie koherencji i pozytywną samoocenę. Obok nich istotną rolę odgrywa również środowisko, w którym żyje jednostka. Szczególną uwagę zwraca się zwłaszcza na rodzinę, która powinna być gwarantem optymalnego środowiska stymulującego i wspierającego rozwój człowieka. Specyfika oddziaływań wychowawczych i atmosfera panująca w rodzinie w dużej mierze determinuje styl zachowania się i sposoby radzenia sobie ze stresem przez młodzież. Współczesna rodzina przechodzi liczne transformacje, obejmujące między innymi jej strukturę, konsekwencją czego jest wzrastająca liczba rodzin niepełnych. Sytuację dziecka wychowywanego w rodzinie niepełnej w dużym stopniu wyznacza przyczyna niekompletności rodziny oraz fakt, że czynniki powodujące niepełność rodziny mają działanie długookresowe. Przedmiotem zainteresowania uczyniono zagadnienia dotyczące zasobów osobistych młodzieży z rodzin niepełnych w zakresie po czucia koherencji i samooceny z wykorzystaniem: Kwestionariusza Orientacji Życiowej Antonovsky’ego oraz Skali Samooceny Rosenberga.
19
Content available Poczucie koherencji przyszłych nauczycieli
58%
PL
Zmienność, niepowtarzalność, dynamika i różnorodność sytuacji, z którymi konfrontuje się współczesny nauczyciel, wymaga od niego nie tylko dobrego przygotowania do wykonywania zawodu, ale również wykorzystywania dostępnych zasobów, by zmierzyć się z wyzwaniami wynikającymi z pełnionej roli. Przedmiotem rozważań podjętych w artykule jest poczucie koherencji studentów kierunków nauczycielskich. Badania przeprowadzono wśród 116 studentów. Do badań wykorzystano Kwestionariusz Globalnej Orientacji Życiowej (SOC-29) Antonovsky’ego.
EN
A contemporary teacher has to confront a number of situations of great variability, unique-ness, dynamics and diversity. This requires not only good preparation for the profession but also use of accessible resources in order to face the challenges resulting from the role they play. The line of approach of this article is the sense of coherence of students of teaching careers. The research have been conducted among 116 students with the use of Antonovsky´s Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOC 29).
20
Content available Samoocena studentów kierunków nauczycielskich
58%
PL
To, w jaki sposób przyszli nauczyciele funkcjonować będą w roli zawodowej, zależy od wie-lu czynników, m.in. jakości kształcenia na uczelni, ale również od ich zasobów osobistych będą-cych predykatorami subiektywnego dobrostanu i satysfakcji życiowej jednostki. Szczególnie wartościowym i korzystnym zasobem, który człowiek powinien utrzymywać, rozwijać i odnawiać, jest wysoka samoocena. Przedmiotem zainteresowania uczyniono zagadnienia dotyczące samooceny z wykorzysta-niem Skali Samooceny Rosenberga
EN
The way future teachers will function in their professional roles depends on many factors, among others, on the quality of higher education, but also on their personal resources which are predictors of subjective welfare and life satisfaction of an individual. Positive self-evaluation is a particularly valuable and beneficial resource one can maintain, develop and renew. The main subject of interest are issues concerning self-evaluation with the use of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.
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