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1

Lignocellulosic fraction of the pericarps of the acorns of Quercus suber and Quercus ilex: isolation, characterization, and biosorption studies in the removal of copper from aqueous solutions

100%

Mébarki M. , Hachem K. , Harche M. K.

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tom Vol. 21, nr 3

40--47

EN

Pericarps of Algerian Quercus ilex (Q. ilex) and Quercus suber (Q. suber) were used as copper adsorbents in artifi cially contaminated solutions. Exposing accessible lignocellulosic binding sites enhanced adsorption. The lignocellulosic fractions of Q. suber and Q. ilex (36.47±9.1 and 47.66±9.3, respectively) were characterized by FTIR before and after adsorption. The aim was to identify the functional groups adsorbing Cu(II). SEM/EDX determined lignocellulose surface morphology and composition. The amount of adsorbent-bound Cu(II) increased with initial [Cu(II)]. Cu(II) adsorption range was 23.59–48.06 mg.g–1 for Q. Suber and 22.56–38.19 mg.g–1 for Q. ilex when [Cu(II)] was 100–500 mg.L–1. Adsorption isotherms and Langmuir and Freundlich models of the Q. suber and Q. ilex lignocellulosic fractions indicated natural Cu(II)adsorption capacities (Qmax) of 53.76 mg.g–1 and 36.06 mg.g–1 and KF of 5.9 mg.g–1 and 7.43 mg.g–1, respectively.

2

Achene morphology and pericarp anatomy of Anemone, Hepatica, and Pulsatilla (Anemoninae, Ranunculaceae)

86%

Ghimire B. , Yum D. , Kim J. H. , Jeong M. J. , Ghimire B. , Yum D. , Kim J. H. , Jeong M. J.

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3

The effect of ethyl methane sulphonate and diethyl sulphate on chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) in M1 generation

86%

Sanjai Gandhi E. , Sri Devi A. , Mullainathan L.

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tom 05

EN

In recent years, the demand of chilli has tremendously increased due to its attractive market price and multifarious used in cooked and processed forms. At present people are much concerned about the fruit quality and yield. Therefore, attention is being paid for development of genotypes having high yield potential with desirable fruit quality characters in a short period of time. For this purpose, seeds of chilli were mutagenised with ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and diethyl sulphate (DES) to determine their mutagenic sensitivity in M1 generation. The increasing concentration of EMS and DES decreased in morphological and yield characters. The spectrum of mutation and induced variability for various quantitative traits were observed in M1 generation such as germination (%), plant height, primary and secondary branches per plant, days to first flowering, fruit length (cm), fruit girth (cm), total number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit (g), 100 seed weight (g) and pericarp: seed ratio showed variability in chilli with the effect of EMS and DES. The percentage of chromosomal abnormalities in different mitotic stages was significantly higher than that of the control in all the treatment concentrations.

4

The relationship between the anatomical structure of the tomato fruit pericarp (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and its' mechanical properties

86%

Borowiak J. , Habdas H.

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1988

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tom 41

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nr 2

EN

The anatomical structure of the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) pericarp was studied in the fruits of five determinant field cultivars. The fruits of the examined cultivars differed in their mechanical properties. Fruits of cultivars which are firm and resistant to injury (Kecskemeti 886j-2, Campbell 28), moderately firm and resistant (Atma, Wenus) and soft, susceptible to injury (line No 155/84) were examined. The pericarp of the cultivars which have fruits resistant to injury had an approx. 200 µm thick covering layer (epidermis plus cuticle plus hypodermis) whereas that of fruits susceptible to injury was only 100 µm thick. In the fruits resistant to injury the cuticle penetrated deeply into the hypodermis, the epidermal cells were flattened and the hypodermis was composed of 4 - 5 rows of cells. The tomato fruits resistant to injury had a thick cuticle layer on their tangential walls — whereas those more susceptible had a thick cuticle layer on these walls.

PL

Badano strukturę anatomiczną perykarpu owoców pięciu odmian pomidorów gruntowych samokończących (Lycopersicon esculentum Mili.). Owoce badanych odmian różniły się właściwościami mechanicznymi. Badano odmiany o owocach: twardych i odpornych na zewnętrzne uszkodzenia (Kesckemeti 886j-2, Campbell 28), średniotwardych i średnioodpornych (Atma, Wenus) oraz miękkich i podatnych na uszkodzenia (linia Nr 155/84). Odmiany, których owoce były twarde i odporne na zewnętrzne uszkodzenia miały warstwę okrywającą owocu (kutykula, epiderma i hypoderma) grubości około 200 µm, a miękkie i podatne tylko około 100 µm. W owocach odpornych na zewnętrzne uszkodzenia kutykula wnika do hypodermy, komórki epidermy są spłaszczone, a hypoderma zbudowana jest z 4 - 5 warstw komórek. Owoce pomidorów odporne na zewnętrzne uszkodzenia mają boczne ścianki epidermy słabo skutynizowane natomiast podatne — mocno skutynizowane.

5

Technological characteristics of fruit as an average of 25 soft-flesh Capsicum spp. genotypes

72%

Nowaczyk L.

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nr 2

EN

The research material used to evaluate the relationship between technological features of soft-flesh fruit involved the lines derived from the interspecific hybrid Capsicum frutescens L. x C. annuum L. The genotypes differed in their yielding, morphological features of fruit, technological efficiency and the content of capsaicinoids, which ranged from 20 to 770 and from 10 to 330 mg.kg-1, respectively, of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in the pericarp, from 60 to 3870 and from 30 to 1550 mg.kg-1 in the puree produced as a result of mechanical separation of the soft tissue of the pericarp from the inedible parts (placenta, seeds, septa and the peel). There was found a negative correlation between the fruit average weight and length and the content of capsaicin in the pericarp and in the puree and for the capsaicinoids sum in the puree. The contents of the two compounds were positively correlated in each material researched, both when individual capsaicinoids were compared and when their sum was given.

PL

Materiałem badawczym użytym do oceny wzajemnych zależności między cechami technologicznymi owoców soft-flesh były linie wyprowadzone z mieszańca międzygatunkowego Capsicum frutescens L. x C. annuum L. Genotypy różniły się pod względem masy owoców uzyskanych z rośliny, cech morfologicznych owoców, wydajności technologicznej oraz zawartości kapsaicynoidów, która zawierała się w granicach od 20–770 i 10–330 mg.kg-1 , odpowiednio kapsaicyny i dihydrokapsaicyny w perykarpie, do 60–3870 i 30 –1550 mg.kg-1 w przecierze uzyskanym w wyniku mechanicznej separacji miękkiej tkanki perykarpu od części niejadalnych (łożysko, nasiona, przegrody i skórka). Stwierdzono ujemną korelację między średnią masą i długością owoców a zawartością kapsaicynoidów w perykarpie i w przecierze. Zawartości obydwu omawianych związków były dodatnio skorelowane w każdym z badanych materiałów, zarówno przy porównaniu indywidualnym każdego z kapsaicynoidów, jak też dla ich sumy.

6

Analysis of free phenolic acids in the pericarp of bean

58%

Labuda H. , Paplinski R.

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nr 2

7

Struktura dojrzałego perykarpu i testy u Ranunculus bulbosus L. ssp. bulbosus, Ranunculus lanuginosus L. i R. repens L.

58%

Trzaski L.

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tom 14

8

Morphological, physical and physiological changes during maturation and ripening of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) seeds

58%

Farcas C.

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tom 47 Supplement

EN

The establishment of certain morphological, physical and physiological criteria was considered and this might allow us to determine more precisely the maturation degree as well as the optimum harvest and sowing period of seeds. The criteria for assessing the maturation degree of seeds presented earlier (the completely formed embryo, the prominent endosperm with a normal consistency) can now be completed with a new criterion, namely the one referring to the slight tendency of the seesds tegument to get yellow. This is due to the fact that the seed completes its growing sooner than the pericarp. The fact was proved both by the greater decrease the fresh mass of the pericarp than that of the seed and by the greater decrease of the moisture content of the seed than that of the pericarp during the four examined ripening phases.