Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) deBary causes root rot and necrosis in sugar beet in Moorhead, MN, USA

100%

Bhuiyan, Md. Ziaur Rahman , Lakshman D. K. , Mendoza, Luis E. Del Rio , Mosher P. , Khan M. F. R. , Bhuiyan, Md. Ziaur Rahman , Lakshman D. K. , Mendoza, Luis E. Del Rio , Mosher P. , Khan M. F. R.

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2

Beneficial and harmful roles of bacteria from the Clostridium genus

100%

Samul D. , Worsztynowicz P. , Leja K. , Grajek W.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2013

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tom 60

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nr 4

515-521

EN

Bacteria of the Clostridium genus are often described only as a biological threat and a foe of mankind. However, many of them have positive properties and thanks to them they may be used in many industry branches (e.g., in solvents and alcohol production, in medicine, and also in esthetic cosmetology). During the last 10 years interest in application of C. botulinum and C. tetani in medicine significantly increased. Currently, the structure and biochemical properties of neurotoxins produced by these bacterial species, as well as possibilities of application of such toxins as botulinum as a therapeutic factor in humans, are being intensely researched. The main aim of this article is to demonstrate that bacteria from Clostridium spp. are not only pathogens and the enemy of humanity but they also have many important beneficial properties which make them usable among many chemical, medical, and cosmetic applications.

3

Proteus sp. – an opportunistic bacterial pathogen – classification, swarming growth, clinical significance and virulence factors

100%

Różalski A. , Torzewska A. , Moryl M. , Kwil I. , Maszewska A. , Ostrowska K. , Drzewiecka D. , Zabłotni A. , Palusiak A. , Siwińska M. , Stączek P.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica

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2012

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tom 8

1-17

EN

The genus Proteus belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family, where it is placed in the tribe Proteeae, together with the genera Morganella and Providencia. Currently, the genus Proteus consists of five species: P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. penneri, P. hauseri and P. myxofaciens, as well as three unnamed Proteus genomospecies. The most defining characteristic of Proteus bacteria is a swarming phenomenon, a multicellular differentiation process of short rods to elongated swarmer cells. It allows population of bacteria to migrate on solid surface. Proteus bacteria inhabit the environment and are also present in the intestines of humans and animals. These microorganisms under favorable conditions cause a number of infections including urinary tract infections (UTIs), wound infections, meningitis in neonates or infants and rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, Proteus is known as a bacterial opportunistic pathogen. It causes complicated UTIs with a higher frequency, compared to other uropathogens. Proteus infections are accompanied by a formation of urinary stones, containing struvite and carbonate apatite. The virulence of Proteus rods has been related to several factors including fimbriae, flagella, enzymes (urease - hydrolyzing urea to CO2 and NH3, proteases degrading antibodies, tissue matrix proteins and proteins of the complement system), iron acqusition systems and toxins: hemolysins, Proteus toxin agglutinin (Pta), as well as an endotoxin - lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Proteus rods form biofilm, particularly on the surface of urinary catheters, which can lead to serious consequences for patients. In this review we present factors involved in the regulation of swarming phenomenon, discuss the role of particular pathogenic features of Proteus spp., and characterize biofilm formation by these bacteria.

4

First report of leaf spot disease of Aloe vera caused by Fusarium proliferatum in India

88%

Avasthi S. , Gautam A. K. , Bhadauria R.

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tom 58

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nr 2

5

Genetic variability of potato spindle tuber viroid RNA replicon.

88%

Góra-Sochacka A. , Candresse T. , Zagórski W.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2001

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tom 48

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nr 2

467-476

EN

The genetic continuity of the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) genome was analysed after infection of tomato plants with cloned cDNAs of parental strains. During the six weeks of the experiment, several new sequence variants appeared. The sequence variants detected in the progeny population induced sequence-specific disease symptoms. The PSTVd genome therefore follows the pattern expected for typical pseudo-strains propagating in plants as a population of similar sequences. Assessing further the replicon continuity, a PSTVd cDNA mutant with a deletion in the central conserved region was constructed and proven to be non-infectious. Surprisingly, in a sub-population of potato transformants expressing the same deleted PSTVd RNA an infectious viroid was detected. This suggests specific transcript conversion followed by recovery of the full-length pathogen genome.

6

Pathogenicity of endogenous isolate of Paramyrothecium (=Myrothecium) roridum (Tode) L. Lombard & Crous against the squash beetle Epilachna chrysomelina (F.)

88%

Hassan F. R. , Ghaffar N. M. , Assaf L. H. , Abdullah S. K. , Hassan F. R. , Ghaffar N. M. , Assaf L. H. , Abdullah S. K.

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nr 1

7

A comparison of methods for assessing pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum isolates on watermelon

88%

Swiader M. , Pronczuk M. , Niemirowicz-Szczytt K.

Plant Breeding and Seed Science

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1996

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tom 40

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nr 1-2

8

Pathogenic variability and host resistance in the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.ciceris-Cicer arietinum pathosystem

88%

Jimenez-Diaz R. M. , Alcala-Jimenez A. , Hervas A. , Trapero-Casas J. L.

Hodowla Roślin, Aklimatyzacja i Nasiennictwo

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1993

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tom 37

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nr 3

9

The effect of selected herbicides on pathogenicity and growth of Nectria galligena Bres.

88%

Burgiel Z. , Grabowski M.

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tom 08

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nr 2

10

Pathogenicity of Phomopsis viticola Sacc. for grape-vines [Vitis vinifera L.] under foil tunnel conditions

88%

Machowicz-Stefaniak Z. , Kuropatwa E.

Phytopathologia Polonica

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1993

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tom 05

11

Mycoherbicidal potential of Alternaria alternata ITCC4896 for the control of Parthenium hysterophorus

88%

Saxena S. , Kumar M.

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nr 2

EN

Mycoherbicides are special biotechnology products which contain fungi or fungal metabolites as nonchemical alternatives thereby reducing the input of harmful chemicals to control noxious weeds. The present communication emphasizes on the potential of an indigenous isolate of Alternaría alternata ITCC 4896 as a mycoherbicide for the global weed - Parthenium hysterophorus. Of the various spore concentrations tested by in vitro Detached Leaf Bioassay, 1x106 spores/ml was the most effective inducing 89.2% leaf area damage on the 7th day and was further tested by Whole Plant Bioassay. Both in vitro Detached Leaf Bioassay and Whole Plant Bioassay exhibited a similar trend in disease development showing 50% damage at 96 hours post treatment. However, 100% mortality was observed in the Whole Plant Bioassay on the 7th day. This is the very first report on the bioweedicidal potential of A. alternata ITCC 4896 (LC#508) for use as a mycoherbicide for P. hysterophorus.

PL

Mikoherbicydy są szczególnymi produktami biotechnologicznymi, które zawierają grzyby lub ich metabolity jako alternatywę dla środków chemicznych, ograniczając tym samym używanie chemikaliów w zwalczaniu szkodliwych chwastów. Praca przedstawia potencjał rodzimego izolatu Alternaría alternata ITCC4896 jako mikoherbicydu w zwalczaniu występującego na całym świecie chwastu Parthenium hysterophorus. Spośród wszystkich badanych stężeń grzyba w inokulum, w testach in vitro prowadzonych metodą Detached Leaf Bioassay, stężenie 1x106 spor/ml było najefektywniejsze, powodując 89,2% uszkodzeń liści siedem dni po inokulacji. To stężenie następnie było stosowane w metodzie Whole Plant Bioassay. Obie metody wykazały podobny trend, jeśli chodzi o rozwój choroby, wykazując 50% uszkodzeń 96 godzin po inokulacji. Stuprocentową śmiertelność roślin w badaniach metodą Whole Plant Bioassay zaobserwowano jednak siedem dni po zabiegu. Praca jest pierwszym doniesieniem na temat chwastobójczego potencjału A. alternata ITCC4896 jako mikoherbicydu w zwalczaniu P. hysterophorus.

12

Resistance and pathogenicity influencing toxin [DON] contamination of wheat varieties following Fusarium infection

88%

Mesterhazy A. , Bartok T.

Hodowla Roślin, Aklimatyzacja i Nasiennictwo

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1993

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tom 37

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nr 3

13

Pathogenicity of selected isolates of the quarantine pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

75%

Filipiak A.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2015

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tom 55

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nr 4

EN

The pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is the causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD). This nematode is considered to be an indigenous to North America and was introduced to Japan in the late 19th century. Subsequently, it has spread throughout Japan and in many other countries, China, Taiwan, and South Korea. In 1999, B. xylophilus was discovered in Portugal, and in 2008 in Spain. So far the studies have revealed that the pathogenicity of B. xylophilus varies between different isolates. The conducted study compared the pathogenicity of five isolates of B. xylophilus, originating from different parts of Japan, to 3-year-old Pinus sylvestris, and their ability to reproduce in the seedlings. The results revealed diverse virulence of B. xylophilus resulting in plant mortality. Three isolates S10, Ka4, and T4 caused 100% mortality of plants within three months while at the same time, the other two isolates, C14-5 and OKD-1 did not cause any disease symptoms on plants. After seven months, some dieback occurred on two seedlings, but similar symptoms were also found on the control plant. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between nematode virulence and the number of nematodes reproducing on pine seedlings.

14

First report of leaf spot disease of Aloe vera caused by Fusarium proliferatum in India

75%

Avasthi S. , Gautam A. K. , Bhadauria R.

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tom 58

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nr 2

EN

Severe leaf spot disease was observed on Aloe vera plants in the winters of 2011 and 2012 during a survey of various nurseries of Gwalior, India. Irregular, sunken, dark creamish brown spots having reddish brown margin were noticed on both surfaces of the leaves. The causal organism was consistently isolated from symptomatic leaves on potato dextrose agar media (PDA). A total 59 isolates of fungi were recovered from diseased A. vera leaves, and 37 isolates were identified as belonging to the genus Fusarium. On the basis of morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA amplified using the primers ITS4/ITS5 the pathogen was identified as Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg and pathogenicity of the isolate was confirmed by using Koch’s postulates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot disease caused by Fusarium proliferatum on A. vera plants in India.

15

Determination the subtypes of Blastocystis sp. and evaluate the effect of these subtypes on pathogenicity

75%

Cakir F. , Cicek M. , Yildirim I. H.

Acta Parasitologica

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2019

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tom 64

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nr 1

16

First report of Ophiostoma karelicum from birch stands in Poland

75%

Jankowiak R.

Phytopathologia

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2011

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tom 59

17

Study of Steinernema hermaphroditum (Nematoda, Rhabditida), from the West Uttar Pradesh, India

75%

Bhat A. H. , Chaubey A. K. , Shokoohi E. , Mashela P. W.

Acta Parasitologica

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2019

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tom 64

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nr 4

18

Antigenic differences among Giardia intestinalis isolates from one geographic area

75%

Kasprzak W. , Winiecka J. , Majewska A. C.

Acta Protozoologica

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1987

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tom 26

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nr 4

19

Investigation of isolated Blastocystis subtypes from cancer patients in Turkey

75%

Mulayim S. , Aykur M. , Dagci H. , Dalkilic S. , Aksoy A. , Kaplan M.

Acta Parasitologica

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2021

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tom 66

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nr 2

20

Fulfillment of Koch’s postulates for in vitro pathogenicity of Musicillium theobromae (Turconi) Zare and W. Gams as the cause of banana cigar end rot disease

75%

Masudi S. , Bonjar G. H. S.

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nr 4

EN

Pathogenicity of Musicillium theobromae (Turconi) Zare & W. Gams (syn. Stachylidium theobromae Turconi, Verticillium theobromae E.W. Mason & S. Hughes) causing Banana cigar end rot disease has fulfilled Koch’s Postulates for the first time. To assess and prove the pathogenicity, M. theobromae mycelial discs and conidia were inoculated in triplicate to surface-disinfested green banana fruits. The bananas were infected both through artificial wounds as well as through intact unwounded fruits. After inoculation, the bananas were covered with moist cotton and incubated for 30 days at 23°C. Plain moist cotton was used on the controls. Those inoculated treatments kept under high relative humidity exhibited symptoms of banana cigar end rot disease. The controls and those kept under low relative humidity did not develop symptoms and remained healthy. The results indicated that both optimum temperature and high relative humidity are necessary for infection onset and disease development. It was also determined that infection can occur both through wounds and intact unwounded fruit epidermis. The cultural characteristics in M. theobromae were also investigated. It was found that the best mycelial growth occurred on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and the optimum pH for mycelial growth was 8.