The aim of the article is to sketch a collective portrait of the members of the Ukrainian Club in the Sejm of the Republic of Poland in the years 1922–1927. It analyses their socio-demographic characteristics (age, social background, education, occupation and social status), political face and activity in the field of independence. The process of disintegration of the parliamentary club and the ideological evolution of these people, as well as their later fate are also presented. The deputies of the Ukrainian Club were overwhelmingly peasants’s sons, young people, and in large part thoroughly educated. More than half of them represented a very small stratum of the Ukrainian intelligentsia and white-collar workers, the rest. Almost all of them, both peasants and intelligentsia, were involved in the activities of various social organisations, mainly in the fields of culture, education and cooperatives. In the years 1917–1919, they participated in the struggle for independence and the creation of Ukrainian statehood structures. When they entered parliament in 1922, the process of crystallising their views and political orientation was not yet complete. Over the next few years, the Club disintegrated and radicalised towards left-wing or nationalist attitudes. The subsequent fate of most of them exemplifies the tragic fate of Ukrainian political elites under Soviet occupation.
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Ukrainians were the most numerous national minority in the Senate of the Second Polish Republic. They sat in the Senate continuously for five terms: from 1922 to 1939. A total of 28 representatives of the Ukrainian population came through the Senate benches. The purpose of this article is to sketch a group portrait of Ukrainian senators. Their political identity (party and club affiliation), socio-demographic characteristics (age, social background, education, profession and social status) and career paths were analyzed. The article discusses also subsequent history of the Ukrainian senators. To sum up, Ukrainian senators belonged to the parliamentary elite mostly because of how they used their education, social status and their extraordinary personalities to the benefit of culture, education, economy and local government. The authority of the representatives of the Parliament in local communities was also built by their commitment to the fight for the independence of Ukraine.
W artykule zbadano wzajemne relacje między propozycjami reformy litewskiej służby cywilnej a procesem europeizacji administracji, identyfikując rolę i postawy litewskich elit parlamentarnych w procesie wdrażania reform w okresie członkostwa w UE. W badaniu wykorzystano metody jakościowej analizy treści źródeł pierwotnych i zapisów działań rządu litewskiego, analizy jakościowej źródeł wtórnych (w tym literatury naukowej oraz innych dokumentów i zapisów) oraz częściowo ustrukturyzowany wywiad jakościowy. Badania dają możliwość oceny stopnia instytucjonalizacji wartości proeuropejskich wśród elit parlamentarnych oraz ich wkładu we wdrażanie europeizacji administracyjnej. Zgodnie z wynikami badań, administracyjna agenda europeizacji nie jest priorytetem litewskich elit parlamentarnych per se, jednak postawy proeuropejskie są utrwalone
EN
The article investigates the interrelationship between Lithuanian civil service reform initiatives and administrative Europeanisation processes by identifying the role and approaches of Lithuanian parliamentary elites in the process of the implementation of reforms during the period of membership in the EU. The research was based on the qualitative content analysis of primary sources, the records of the Lithuanian Government activities, and the qualitative analysis of the secondary sources including research literature and other documents and records, semi-structured qualitative interview. Research gives an opportunity to estimate the level of institutionalisation of pro-European values amongst parliamentary elites and their contributions to the implementation of administrative Europeanisation. According to the research findings, administrative Europeanisation agenda is not a priority for Lithuanian parliamentary elites per se, however, pro-European attitudes are fixed
The article investigates the interrelationship between Lithuanian civil service reform initiatives and administrative Europeanisation processes by identifying the role and approaches of Lithuanian parliamentary elites in the process of the implementation of reforms during the period of membership in the EU. The research was based on the qualitative content analysis of primary sources, the records of the Lithuanian Government activities, and the qualitative analysis of the secondary sources including research literature and other documents and records, semi-structured qualitative interview. Research gives an opportunity to estimate the level of institutionalisation of pro-European values amongst parliamentary elites and their contributions to the implementation of administrative Europeanisation. According to the research findings, administrative Europeanisation agenda is not a priority for Lithuanian parliamentary elites per se, however, pro-European attitudes are fixed.
PL
W artykule zbadano wzajemne relacje między propozycjami reformy litewskiej służby cywilnej a procesem europeizacji administracji, identyfikując rolę i postawy litewskich elit parlamentarnych w procesie wdrażania reform w okresie członkostwa w UE. W badaniu wykorzystano metody jakościowej analizy treści źródeł pierwotnych i zapisów działań rządu litewskiego, analizy jakościowej źródeł wtórnych (w tym literatury naukowej oraz innych dokumentów i zapisów) oraz częściowo ustrukturyzowany wywiad jakościowy. Badania dają możliwość oceny stopnia instytucjonalizacji wartości proeuropejskich wśród elit parlamentarnych oraz ich wkładu we wdrażanie europeizacji administracyjnej. Zgodnie z wynikami badań, administracyjna agenda europeizacji nie jest priorytetem litewskich elit parlamentarnych per se, jednak postawy proeuropejskie są utrwalone.
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