Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Changes in the pancreas caused by different types of hypertension

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Nowińska P. , Kasacka I.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2017

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tom 64

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nr 4

591-595

EN

Hypertension is considered a lifestyle disease. Unfavorable forecasts predict a significant increase in the number of patients suffering from this disorder. Many changes in various organs have been observed as a result of ischemia. An interesting question arises of whether differences between the mechanisms occurring in different types of hypertension could produce different effects in the organs. It is well known that there is a close relationship between hypertension and insulin resistance. On the other hand, insulin resistance is the main cause of type 2 diabetes, which develops in parallel with changes in the pancreas. The pancreas is a very important organ since it produces enzymes crucial for the digestive process, as well as performs an important endocrine function. The work presented here focuses primarily on the latter issue. The authors present an overview of contemporary literature concerning the influence of different types of hypertension on the function of the pancreas.

2

Surgical Treatment of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours - Clinical Experience

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Jabłońska B. , Dranka-Bojarowska D. , Palacz H. , Lewiński A. , Lampe P.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2011

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tom 83

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nr 4

216-222

EN

The aim of the work was the clinical characteristics and analysis of preliminary results for surgical treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs), based on own material.Material and methods. In the period from 2005 to 2009, in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Silesian Medical University in Katowice, there were 27 patients (15 males and 12 females) treated surgically for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, constituting 65.86% (27/41) of all gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Prior to the surgery, the following diagnostic examinationswere performed: laboratory tests and imaging examinations (abdominal ultrasound and CT scan). The following tumour localisation was established: head of the pancreas - 14, body of the pancreas - 4, tail of the pancreas - 5, body and tail of the pancreas - 1, retroperitoneal space - 4. There were found 24 (88.89%) primary tumours and 3 (11.11%) recurrences. The following methods of surgical treatment were applied: pancreatoduodenectomy - 11, distal pancreatic resection with splenectomy - 6, middle segment resection with anastomosis between the pancreatic tail and jejunal loop: Roux-Y procedure - 1, pancreatic resection by Beger procedure - 1, pancreatic head and body resection with splenectomy - 1, tumour enucleation or local excision - 4, exploratory laparotomy with specimen collection - 3.Results. The mean hospitalisation period was 25 days (4-78 days). The mean procedure duration was 4.2 hours (1.15-9.15 hours). Early post-operative complications were observed in 10 patients (37.04%). The following early complications were observed: intra-abdominal abscess - 2, wound suppuration - 2, pancreatic fistula - 1, acute pancreatitis - 1, pancreaticojejunal anastomosis leak - 1, peritoneal cavity haemorrhage - 1, acute cholangitis - 1, adhesion obstruction - 1, subobstruction - 1, portal vein thrombosis - 1, sepsis - 1, fluid in pleural cavity - 1, acute heart failure - 1. There were performed 2 (7.41%) repeat surgeries: one due to adhesion obstruction and one due to peritoneal cavity haemorrhage. Death of 1 patient (3.71%) was recorded in the post-operative period due to acute heart failure.Conclusions. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours constituted the majority of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours in the analysed patient group. Most commonly, PNETs were localised in the head of the pancreas. In the presented material, the mortality rate does not exceed 4%, similarly as in other renowned centres.

3

A rare case of isolated pancreatic tuberculosis in a 70-year-old patient - a case report

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Słupski M. , Wiciński M. , Khuat D. , Pawlak-Osińska K.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2019

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tom 91(2)

48-50

EN

We report a case of rare solitary pancreatic tuberculoma. 70 years old woman admitted to hospital in order to conduct diagnostics of a tumor located in the head of the pancreas. All symptoms pointed at pancreatic cancer, but histopathological examinations were inconclusive. Additionally, there were no clinical signs or symptoms of tuberculosis in the lungs. X-ray of the chest showed no abnormalities. The patient denied tuberculosis in the medical interview. There were no bacilli in the sputum. During exploratory laparotomy, the samples of tissue have been taken for pathomorphological examination. The microscopic image caused suspicion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis etiology, which was confirmed by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. In recent years, tuberculosis has become more and more common in Europe, which is why the described case can be a guide for doctors to help to avoid diagnostic errors and speed up the treatment process.

4

Surgical treatment of pancreatic cystic tumors

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Jabłońska B. , Braszczok Ł. , Szczęsny-Karczewska W. , Dubiel-Braszczok B. , Lampe P.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2017

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tom 89(1)

1-8

EN

The aim of this study was to assess short-term outcomes of surgical treatment of pancreatic cystic tumors (PCTs). Material and methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 46 patients (31 women and 15 men) who had undergone surgery for pancreatic cystic tumors in our department. Results: Pancreatic cystic tumors were located within the pancreatic head (21), body (11), tail (13), and whole pancreas (1). The following surgical procedures were performed: pancreatoduodenectomy (20), central pancreatectomy (9), distal pancreatectomy (3), distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (3), distal extended pancreatectomy with splenectomy (2), total pancreatectomy (1), duodenum preserving pancreatic head resection (1), local tumor resection (4), and other procedures (2). Histopathological tumor types were as follows: serous cystadenoma (14), intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma (5), intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (5), solid pseudopapillary tumor (5), mucinous cystadenoma (5), mucinous cystadenoma with border malignancy (1), mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (2), adenocarcinoma (4), and other tumors (5). Early postoperative complications were observed in 14 (30.43%) patients. Reoperations were performed in 9 (19.56%) patients. The perioperative mortality rate was 6.52%. Conclusions: Serous cystadenoma was the most common pancreatic cystic tumor in the analyzed group. PCTs were most frequently located within the pancreatic head. Pancreatic resection was possible in most patients, and pancreatoduodenectomy was the most common pancreatic resection type.

5

Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of the Pancreas in a Young Woman - Case Report

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Arkuszewski P. , Pasieka Z. , Srebrzyński A. , Kuzdak K.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2011

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tom 83

|

nr 7

389-391

EN

We report a case of pancreatic solid pseudopapillary tumor that was diagnosed in a 36-year-old female patient. This neoplasm usually occurs in young women. Solid and cystic areas form a characteristic appearance of this tumor. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment and is possible in the majority of cases. Neoplasm is associated with a low-grade malignancy and a very good outlook.

6

Neuroma (schwannoma). A rare pancreatic tumor

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Witkowski G. , Kołos M. , Nasierowska-Guttmejer A. , Durlik M.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2020

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tom 92(1)

48-51

EN

Introduction: Neuroma (Schwannoma in Latin) is an encapsulated, mesenchymal tumor arising from Schwann cells surrounded by nerves. Hence it can be located in any area in the body with passing peripheral nerves. The most common location is the head, neck, and extremities. The tumor arising from Schwannoma cells was first described by Stout and Carson in 1935. Pancreatic schwannomas are extremely rare tumors. Until 2017, in English literature 68 cases have been described. Surgical treatment is the most common way of treating pancreatic schwannomas, and postoperative prognoses are good. Case report: A 63-year-old patient was admitted to the Clinical Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Transplantation of the Central Clinical Hospital at the Ministry of Interior and Administration in Warsaw due to pancreatic head cancer. Needle biopsy–both ultrasound-guided and CT-guided as well as open biopsy for lesions in the pancreas did not show tumor cells in any of the collected samples. Abdominal CT in a projection of the uncinate process of the pancreas revealed an oval lesion highly suspected of neoplastic process. Next, diagnostics was extended by abdominal MRI which revealed a retroperitoneal tumorous thick-walled cystic mass filled with fluid. The patient was qualified for surgical treatment. Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple Procedure) was done on August 22, 2017. Material sent for histopathological examination revealed Schwannoma capitis pancreatis. In surgical practice, pancreatic schwannoma occurs extremely rare, but in centers which conduct large numbers of surgical procedures in the pancreas, a case like this may occur.

7

Surgical Treatment of Hyperinsulinism During the Course of Pancreatic Cancer (Insulinoma) - One Center Experience

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Grygiel K. , Szmidt J. , Jeleńska M. , Pawlak K.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2012

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tom 84

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nr 1

31-36

EN

Endogenic hyperinsulinism is mainly caused by neuroendocrine tumors (insulinomas) which autonomously secrete insulin. Because the symptoms are often aspecific, a considerably delay in diagnosis occurs. The treatment consists of operative removal of the tumor from the pancreas, preceded by pre-operative localization. In this article we describe our experience with surgical removal of insulinomasMaterial and methods. We retrospectively analyzed all patients with insulinoma which were treated in our center. Definitive diagnosis was made using a 72-hours glucoses fasting test. We describe the symptoms, localization techniques and the outcomes after surgery.Results. Between January 2002 and May 2011, 45 patients (35.6% men and 64.4% female) were treated in our center. The most prevalent symptoms were altered consciousness and general malaise. The combination of CT-scan and endoscopic ultrasound had the highest (90%) sensitivity to localize tumors pre-operatively. During surgery, in 40 patients (89%) the tumor could be removed by enucleation. In the other five patients partial pancreas resection was required. In 22 patients (49%) we used intra-operative insulin level measurements to confirm complete tumor resection. Within the first month after surgery, two patients (4.4%) developed acute pancreatitis, four patients (8.8%) developed a pancreatic fistula. One patient died of multi-organ-failure. All patients were free from symptoms of hyperinsulinism after the surgery and after a median follow-up of 4.5 years.Conclusions. Based on the experience with 45 patients, surgical removal, aided by pre-operative localization with CT and endoscopic ultrasonography, is an effective and safe treatment for insulinomas.

8

Conservative surgery for pancreatic neck transection

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Dahiya D. , Singh Rana S. , Kaman L. , Behera A.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2015

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tom 87

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nr 6

315-319

EN

Pancreas is the fourth solid organ injured in blunt abdominal trauma. Isolated pancreatic injury is present in less than 1% of patients. As it is associated with high morbidity and mortality, management is controversial. Isolated pancreatic trauma cases with pancreatic neck transection following blunt abdominal trauma were analyzed. All these patients were treated with immediate surgery involving lesser sac drainage and feeding jejunostomy only. Authors conclude that lesser sac drainage can be used as an alternative to distal pancreatectomy or pancreaticojejunostomy or pancreaticogastrostomy.

9

Pancreatic cysts or pancreatic cystic neoplasms? An analysis of 145 cases

70%

Wlaźlak M. , Oleśna A. , Danilewicz M. , Strzelczyk J.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2018

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tom 90(5)

22-26

EN

Introduction: Detection of the frequency of pancreatic cystic lesions has increased in the recent years. The majority are pseudocysts, the remaining cysts are mainly neoplasms. Proven risk of malignancy affects intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) and mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN). The aim of this study was to analyze clinical data of patients with pancreatic cysts or pancreatic cystic neoplasms on operate at Department of General and Transplant Surgery in the Barlicki Hospital in Lodz. Material and methods: In 2007-2016, there were 145 patients operated on at the Department of General and Transplant Surgery in Barlicki Hospital in Lodz, due to pancreatic cystic lesion. The type of operation, histopathological diagnosis and basic demographic data were analyzed. Results: Non-neoplastic cyst (mainly pseudocysts) was found in 66.9% of patients, neoplasms were detected in 33.1%. The mean age was significantly higher in patients with neoplasm than without neoplasm (57.06 years vs. 50.88 years, p=0.009). Neoplastic cyst occurred more frequently in women (68.75% of women, 31.25% of men, p=0.001). Malignant tumor was found in 14.58% of neoplasms cases and in 4.83% of all pancreatic cystic lesions. Conclusions: According to the analyzed material, there is a significant risk of malignancy in patients with pancreatic cyst. Neoplastic cysts are more common in women. Discussion: Pancreatic cystic tumors are treated mainly by resections of pancreas. In case of benign lesions with low risk of malignancy, there are less extensive operations performed, such as enucleations of lesions. There are no guidelines that could be used satisfactorily in follow up of patients with pancreatic cysts.

10

REPRINTED WITH PERMISSION OF EDITOR-IN-CHIEF OF ANNALS OF SURGERY: Annals of Surgery: Vol. 266, nr 5, November 2017; 703 - 705: Modern Surgeons: Still Masters of Their Trade or Just Operators of Medical Equipment?

60%

Krawczyk M.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2018

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tom 90(2)

1-4

EN

My surgical education began at a time when Poland formed part of the communist bloc and was isolated from the world, or in today’s Terms – it remained behind the Iron Curtain. This was true of all areas of life, including medicine. When after 40 years of work, I look back at my professional career; I wonder whether I owe my proficiency in surgery to my experience and dexterity or, like many others, to technological progress. Two of the great Polish surgeons were my mentors and teachers. Professor Zdzisław Łapiński was the one I met first. He was a manual genius and an unusual operational strategist. Granted, he had one character defect, but nobody’s perfect after all. In 1975, I defended my dissertation. I was convinced that I should continue my education at a center abroad, preferably within a postdoctoral scholarship. Professor Łapiński wanted me to learn everything about surgery from him. I decided otherwise, and in 1978 with his tacit agreement, I obtained a Humboldt Fellowship and went to Heidelberg, to the department headed by none other than Professor Fritz Linder.1 I started my research for the habilitation thesis at the Experimentelle Chirurgie Abteilung of his Department.

11

Purinergic signaling in the pancreas and the therapeutic potential of ecto-nucleotidases in diabetes

60%

Cieślak M. , Roszek K.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2014

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tom 61

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nr 4

655-662

EN

It is widely accepted that purinergic signaling is involved in the regulation of functions of all known tissues and organs. Extracellular purines activate two classes of receptors, P1-adenosine receptors and P2-nucleotide receptors, in a concentration-dependent manner. Ecto-enzymes metabolizing nucleotides outside the cell are involved in the termination of the nucleotide signaling pathway through the release of ligands from their receptors. The pancreas is a central organ in nutrient and energy homeostasis with endocrine, exocrine and immunoreactive functions. The disturbances in cellular metabolism in diabetes mellitus lead also to changes in concentrations of intra- and extracellular nucleotides. Purinergic receptors P1 and P2 are present on the pancreatic islet cells as well as on hepatocytes, adipocytes, pancreatic blood vessels and nerves. The ATP-dependent P2X receptor activation on pancreatic β-cells results in a positive autocrine signal and subsequent insulin secretion. Ecto-NTPDases play the key role in regulation of extracellular ATP concentration. These enzymes, in cooperation with 5'-nucleotidase can significantly increase ecto-adenosine concentration. It has been demonstrated that adenosine, through activation of P1 receptors present on adipocytes and pancreatic islets cells, inhibits the release of insulin. Even though we know for 50 years about the regulatory role of nucleotides in the secretion of insulin, an integrated understanding of the involvement of purinergic signaling in pancreas function is still required. This comprehensive review presents our current knowledge about purinergic signaling in physiology and pathology of the pancreas as well as its potential therapeutic relevance in diabetes.

12

Immunohistochemical study on the expression of biologically active substances in the endocrine pancreas of the European bison

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Mozel S. , Szymańczyk S. , Krzysiak M. , Puzio I. , Zacharko-Siembida A. , Arciszewski M. B. , Mozel S. , Szymańczyk S. , Krzysiak M. , Puzio I. , Zacharko-Siembida A. , Arciszewski M. B.

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nr 3

13

Is a fatty pancreas a banal lesion?

51%

Smereczyński A. , Kołaczyk K.

Journal of Ultrasonography

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2016

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tom 16

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nr 66

273-280

EN

So far, a fatty pancreas has been related to obesity and the ageing processes in the body. The current list of pathogenetic factors of the condition is clearly extended with genetically conditioned diseases (cystic fibrosis, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome and Johanson-Blizzard syndrome), pancreatitis, especially hereditary and obstructive, metabolic and hormonal disorders (hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperinsulinemia and hypercortisolemia), alcohol overuse, taking some medicines (especially adrenal cortex hormones), disease of the liver and visceral adiposis. As regards lipomatosis of that organ resulting mainly from dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, the term “nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease” was introduced. Experimental studies on animals and histological preparations of the pancreatic fragments show that the lipotoxicity of the collected adipocytes collected ion the organ release a cascade of proinflammatory phenomena, and even induces the processes of carcinogenesis. Pancreas adiposis is best defined in Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. However, a series of works proved the usefulness in the diagnostics of that pathology of transabdominal and endoscopic ultrasonography. In that method, the degree of adiposis was based on the comparison of echogenicity of the pancreas and the liver, renal parenchyma, spleen and/or retroperitoneal adipose. Recently, the evaluation was expanded by the evaluation of the degree of pancreatic adipose with the pancreas-to-liver index, utilizing to that end a special computer program. According to our experience, the simplest solution is the method utilized by us. On one crosssection of the body of the pancreas, its echogenicity is assessed in comparison to retroperitoneal adipose and the visibility of the splenic vein, pancreatic duct and the major retroperitoneal vessels. Depending on the visualization of these structures, it is possible to determine the degree of pancreas adiposis. Such a study applies to 250 people, in whom the adiposis was detected in 16.5%, which is close to other cohort US examinations results.

PL

Dotychczas otłuszczenie trzustki wiązano głównie z otyłością i starzeniem się organizmu. Obecnie lista czynników patogenetycznych tego stanu wyraźnie się wydłużyła o choroby uwarunkowane genetycznie (mukowiscydoza, zespół Shwachmana i Diamonda oraz zespół Johansona i Blizzarda), zapalenia trzustki, zwłaszcza dziedziczne i obturacyjne, zaburzenia metaboliczne i hormonalne (hipertriglicerydemia, hipercholesterolemia, hiperinsulinemia i hiperkortyzolemia), nadużywanie alkoholu, przyjmowanie niektórych leków (zwłaszcza hormonów kory nadnercza), choroby wątroby i otłuszczenie trzewne. W odniesieniu do lipomatozy tego narządu wynikającej głównie z dyslipidemii i hiperglikemii wprowadzono określenie niealkoholowej choroby otłuszczeniowej trzustki (nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease). W badaniach eksperymentalnych na zwierzętach oraz w preparatach histopatologicznych wyciętych fragmentów trzustki stwierdzono, że lipotoksyczność nagromadzonych w tym narządzie adipocytów wyzwala kaskadę zjawisk prozapalnych, a nawet indukuje procesy karcinogenezy. Otłuszczenie trzustki jest najlepiej definiowane za pomocą tomografii komputerowej i rezonansu magnetycznego. Jednak szereg prac udowodniło przydatność w diagnostyce tej patologii ultrasonografii przezbrzusznej i endoskopowej. W metodzie tej stopień otłuszczenia opierano na porównaniu echogeniczności trzustki z wątrobą, miąższem nerki, śledzioną i/lub tłuszczem zaotrzewnowym. Ostatnio też wprowadzono do oceny stopnia otłuszczenia trzustki wskaźnik trzustkowo-okołowątrobowy, wykorzystując do tego specjalny program komputerowy. Według naszych doświadczeń prostszym rozwiązaniem jest metoda stosowana przez nas. Na jednym przekroju poprzecznym trzonu trzustki ocenia się jego echogeniczność w odniesieniu do tłuszczu zaotrzewnowego i widoczność żyły śledzionowej, przewodu trzustkowego oraz głównych naczyń zaotrzewnowych. W zależności od wizualizacji tych struktur można określić stopień otłuszczenia trzustki. Opracowanie takie dotyczy 250 osób, u których otłuszczenie wykryto w 16,5%, co jest zbliżone do innych kohortowych wyników badań USG.