Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Diagenetic alteration in low-Mg calcite from macrofossils : a review

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Ullmann C. V. , Korte C.

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tom Vol. 59, No. 1

3--20

EN

The quality of palaeoenvironmental reconstructions based on macrofossil carbonate critically depends on preservation of the shell material because post-depositional processes can modify its structural, chemical and isotopic composition, potentially overprinting or completely erasing palaeoenvironmental information. A suite of methods can be employed to evaluate the impact of diagenetic processes on the primary geochemical signatures of samples. Here we review the benefits and shortcomings of the most commonly employed optical (optical microscopy, cathodoluminescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy) and chemical (trace element abundances, isotopic ratios) screening techniques used to assess the alteration degree of low-Mg calcite macrofossils and summarize the findings on diagenetic trends observed for elemental and isotopic systems in such materials. For a robust evaluation of the preservation state of biogenic calcite, it is advisable to combine a set of complementary techniques. Absolute limiting values of element and isotope ratios for discarding diagenetically altered materials cannot be universally applied, but should rather be evaluated on a case to case basis. The evaluation can be improved by analyses of diagenetic carbonate and altered fossil materials, which help constraining the diagenetic trajectories in the sampled specimens. Quantification of post-depositional alteration is possible, but in most cases the complexity of diagenetic systems hampers the possibility of retrieving original proxy values for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions from partially altered materials.

2

Geochemical characteristics of Neogene methane-bearing lignite of the Bełchatów region

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Maruta M. , Zakrzewski A.

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2017

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tom Vol. 34, no. 1

81--93

EN

Coal beds could contain various amount of methane. This attribute might be dangerous in shafts or quarrying. Among other things, the works in the coal beds, including drilling, potentially there is a risk of exceeding the methane lower explosive limit. But on the other hand it is a source of unconventional hydrocarbon accumulations. In this paper geochemical characteristic of organic matter of tertiary brown coal from central part of Poland were performed. Geochemical surveys helps to know about genesis of methane from study area. The analysed samples contain various quantity of organic carbon, from 20,74 to 71.93 wt. %. Lignite from examine samples have weak hydrocarbon potential. In tertiary sediments prevails III type of kerogen with admixture of II type of kerogen. The thermal maturity of the tertiary organic matter changes within the interval from 354 to 419 in Tmax scale. Organic matter is immature. The composition of bitumens is different in various part of study area. Elemental analysis confirm that brown coal was comprised mostly by humic-group macerals. Coal samples contain methane with mixed genesis.

3

Development of the Kubłowo palaeolake, central Poland, during the Eemian Interglacial as against subfossil Cladocera analysis - preliminary results

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Niska M. , Roman M.

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2014

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tom Vol. 31, Nr 1

31--38

EN

The results of analysis of Cladocera occurrence in lacustrine sediments from the Kubłowo site have been presented. Lacustrine and peat deposits found there have been previously analyzed for pollen content (depth of 11.1-3.8 m) and represent a longest continuous Eemian-Vistulian succession in central Poland (Roman and Balwierz, 2010). Cladocera analysis was carried out on 25 samples from the depth of 9.20-10.5 m of an Eemian age section. The section consists of fine organic sand, silt with organic matter and gyttja. Identified were 19 species of subfossil Cladocera and five zones of fauna development were distinguished. In the early and mid-Eemian low frequency zooplankton in the palaeolake has been found. Best conditions for zooplankton development occurred in the late Eemian (R PAZ E6, E7). At the end of the Eemian a significant change of climate in a deterioration of environmental conditions and decreased presence of zooplankton has been noted. Cladocera results and the pollen data enable a reconstruction of the climatic and environmental changes in the Kubłowo palaeolake.

4

Late Glacial-Holocene paleoenvironmental evidence recorded in the Hajduki peat bog (Beskid Średni Mts., Outer Western Carpathians)

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Margielewski W. , Zernitskaya V.

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tom nr 74

57-73

EN

In the upper part of the Ziębówka stream valley (a tributary of the Raba River) in the Beskid Średni Mountains, a landslide's peat bog of fen type occurs, which was developed in the Late Glacial. Total thickness of the deposits reaches ca. 3.3 m. The peat bog, filled with decomposed peat, woody osier peat, moss fen peat and sedge peat, is covered by minerogenic sediments (clay) ca. 1.4 m thick. The analysis of the deposits (pollen analysis, radiocarbon datings, lithological studies) have allowed to reconstruct palaeoenvironmental changes in the Late Glacial and the Holocene. Radiocarbon datings obtained from the bottom of the peat bog (13.8 ka and 13.9 ka) suggest that the depression was formed during the Oldest Dryas Stadial. The beginning of peat bog development was dated by pollen analysis at the late Bolling or the early Allerod Interstadials. In the Allerod and Younger Dryas portion of the log, repeated cyclic delivery of minerogenic sediments connected with the permafrost thawing took place. The beginning of the Holocene is very well marked in the log by a gradual delivery of minerogenic sedaments, as an effect of permafrost thawing, related to climatic warming. Minerogenic cover of the peat bog, which was formed at the beginning of the early Subboreal, is preceded by an hiatus, and probably erosional removal of a part of the deposits (BO-AT), due to strong hydrometeorological events connected with the early Subboreal increase in humidity. Minerogenic sediments were deposited during the late Subboreal and the Subatlantic. The horizons of the charcoal accumulation were found in the bottom middle part and at the top of minerogenic cover. These findings suggest that the onset and prolonged sedimentation of minerogenic material in the peat bog was connected with some stages of anthropogenic deforestation in the neighbourhood, during stages of prehistorical and early Middle Age settlement.

5

Record of Late Holocene palaeoenvironmental changes in a Carpathian Lanslide: a case study of the Siekierczyna landslide (Beskid Wyspowy Mts., Outer Carpathians, South Poland)

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Bryndal T. , Cabaj W. , Margielewski W. , Pelc S.

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tom nr 74

75-96

EN

Successive phases of the Siekierczyna landslide evolution (the Beskid Wyspowy Mts., Outer West Carpathians) are related to Holocene climatic changes. Three phases of the landslide rejuvenation have been radiocarbon dated at: 3.8 ka, 2.9 ka and 2.2 ka. During these phases the valley of the Lasówka stream was dammed with colluvium and formed a natural dam lake. Mobilisation of the landslide occurred in response to strong climatic changes (cooling and wetting), recorded for the Subboreal Phase (ca. 4.2-3.8 ka and 3.3-2.9 ka), as well as (especially strong) at the start of the Subatlantic Phase (ca. 2.4-1.8 ka BP). Results of dendrochronological analysis indicate that the youngest phases of ground mobilisation were triggered by heavy rainfalls which caused floods in the Carpathians in years: 1940-41, 1958 and 1960, as well as in 1970-1974.

6

Late Glacial - Holocene peat bog on Kotoń Mt. and its significance for reconstruction of palaeoenvironment in the Western Outer Carpathians (Beskid Makowski Range, South Poland)

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Margielewski W. , Obidowicz A. , Pelc S.

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tom nr 74

35-56

EN

On the south slope of the pass between Kotoń Mt. and Pękalówka Mt. (Western Carpathians, Beskid Makowski Range), there occur big landslide with longitudinal deppressions, felt up of minerotrophic mire, with particularly long sequence of the Late Glacial deposits. The sediments were analysed by palynologic, macrofossils and sedimentological methods. Climatic changes of the Late Glacial and the Holocene were registered as changes in regional and local vegetation, as well as changes in the sediments. The maximal depth of the deposits amounts to about 4.7 m. On the bottom there occurs silt with gravel and a thin layer of decomposed peat, dated by 14C at 12, 140-70 years BP. Above, peat of the moss fen and sedge-moss fen type occurs, covered by a thick layer (thickness about 0.9 m) of minerogenic deposits (clay and silty clay). The beginning of the minerogenic cover sedimentation was dated at ca. 8, 230-80 years BP. The results of pollen analysis, confirmed by radiocarbon datings, show that the landslide depression was created in the Bolling Interstadial. The peat accumulation was started in the Older Dryas. The sedimentation of minerogenic deposits covering the mire, began during the strong wet phases registered in the Early Atlantic, and being continued in the wet periods of the Subboreal and Subatlantic.

7

The Coleorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera) of the European Jurassic, with a description of a new genus from the Toarcian of Luxembourg

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Szwedo J.

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2011

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tom Vol. 9, no. 1

3-20

EN

The fossil record of the Coleorrhyncha goes back to the Upper Permian. In recent faunas only members of the Peloridiidae are present, restricted in distribution to the Southern Hemisphere. These insects were more diversified in the past, and though their fossil record in the Jurassic is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere, it comprises the families Progonocimicidae and Karabasiidae. The subfamily Progonocimicinae, present in the Jurassic strata of Europe and Asia is a declining lineage. The subfamily Cicadocorinae originated at the Triassic/Jurassic boundary and became dominant during Jurassic times. A review of Coleorrhyncha from European fossil sites is given, with taxonomic and phylogenetic problems highlighted. Their occurrence is linked to a very humid and warm climate, which is in agreement with independent data indicating greenhouse conditions in the atmospheric system and anoxia in the oceans at that time (Toarcian-Oceanic Anoxic Event – T-OAE) and coeval greenhouse climate on land. A new genus and species of the Progonocimicinae – Indutionomarus treveriorum gen. et sp. nov. is described, based on a specimen from the Lower Toarcian of Bascharage, Luxembourg, Western Europe. It is the first record of the Coleorrhyncha from this locality. The morphological features of the new genus in respect to other Progonocimicidae, and its phylogenetic importance, are discussed. Mesoscytina anglica Yu. Popov, Dolling et Whalley, 1994 is transferred to the genus Mesocimex, resulting in Mesocimex anglicus (Yu. Popov, Dolling et Whalley, 1994) comb. nov.

8

Late Cretaceous sharks in the Opole Silesia region (SW Poland)

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Niedźwiedzki R. , Kalina M.

Geologia Sudetica

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2003

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tom Vol. 35

13-24

EN

The upper Cretaceous deposits of the Opole Trough contain rare but relatively diverse shark teeth, mainly from ptychodontid sharks (Ptychodus latissimus Agassiz, 1843, Ptychodus polygyrus Agassiz, 1843 and Ptychodus mammillaris Agassiz, 1843), Anacoracidae (Squalicorax sp.), Mitsukurinidae (Scapanorhynchus raphiodon (Agassiz, 1843)), Alopiidae (Paranomotodon angustidens (Reuss 1845)) and Cretoxyrhinidae. Paranomotodon angustidens has not previously been reported from the Opole Trough. The selachians from the Opole Basin can be divided into two trophic groups: bottom-dwelling ptychodontid sharks with a diet consisting of shelly invertebrates, and pelagic Lamniformes, which were active predators feeding on fast-swimming fish and reptiles. The morphology of the teeth, signs of abrasion and the analysis of the invertebrate assemblage from the Opole Cretaceous suggest that the ptychodontids fed on inoceramid bivalves, while the lamniform sharks fed mostly on fish. Lamniformes live in all marine environments, and their remains are numerous in all the lithostratigraphic units of the Upper Cretaceous in the Opole Trough. The teeth of deep-water ptychodontid sharks are only abundant in the middle part of the Middle Turonian sediments. Nearshore shark remains are extremely rare in the Cretaceous deposits of the Opole Trough. This indicates that the Middle Turonian (middle I. lamarcki Zone) represents the deepest environment of the Opole Cenomanian and Turonian .

9

The sculpture of elytra in species from the family Dytiscidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) as a diagnostic feature for the identification of subfossil material

88%

Mazur M. , Kubisz D.

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2008

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tom nr 78

71-98

EN

Three categories of the elytral sculpture in the dorsal area of 138 central European Dytiscidae species have been distinguished, i.e.: macrosculpture, first-degree microsculpture, and second-degree microsculpture. On the basis of a kind, arrangement, and quantitative proportions of eight sculpture elements (punctures, sulci, clefts, granules, areas, stripes, carinae and folds), 14 types and 39 varieties of the sculpture have been described. Additionally, sexual dimorphism of and seven other types of the sculpture, not related to the sex have been distinguished. Importance at the discussed sculpture features for the identification of the subfossil Dytiscidae remains was stressed. Using the diagnostic features, a key for identification of subfossil Dytiscidae was compiled.

10

Malacofauna of the Holsteinian lake deposits at Hrud II (Eastern Poland) and its palaeoecological significance

88%

Szymanek M.

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2012

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tom Vol. 56, No 1

117-126

EN

Mollusc-bearing deposits at Hrud II (Eastern Poland) accumulated in the western part of a palaeolake of Holsteinian age (MIS 11). The faunal assemblage is typical of freshwater environments and presumably represents a part of the interglacial climatic optimum (Carpinus–Abies Zone). On the basis of its varied composition, the evolution of the water body is described. Reinterpretation of the data from the eastern part of the lake (Hrud I) and combining of the results from both sites enable a wider palaeoecological reconstruction. Fluctuations in lake level, water dynamics and changes in the aquatic vegetation are inferred from quantitative relations between selected molluscs, especially Lithoglyphus jahni, Valvata piscinalis and Bithynia tentaculata, which prevail in the deposits investigated. A predominance of Valvata piscinalis indicates a rise in water level, whereas the communities with abundant Bithynia opercula are typical of a more shallow lake with rich reed fields. Amelioration of the trophic conditions between the pre-optimal and optimal part of the Holsteinian Interglacial can also be recognised.

11

The history of the Yoldia Sea in Northern Estonia: palaeoenvironmental conditions and climatic oscillations

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Heinsalu A. , Veski S.

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2007

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tom Vol. 51, No 3

295-306

EN

Late glacial and Early Holocene sediment sequences from North ern Estonia were investigated using diatom and pollen analysis and the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating. The results of diatom analysis indicate that fresh water conditions prevailed during the initial and final phases of the Yoldia Sea in the investigated area. A near-bottom saline water current that penetrated into the Baltic Sea Basin during the brackish phase of the Yoldia Sea spread into the Gulf of Finland at ca. 11 300-11 200 calendar years BP. Coastal upwelling probably caused mixing of the water column and the circulation of brackish water up to the surface incertain near-shore areas in the Gulf of Finland. A slight change in the pollen composition may suggest deterioration in the climate and can be correlated to the Preboreal Oscillation. AMS 14C dates on aquatic plant macrofossils suggest a reservoir ef fect more than 1000 year for the brackish phase of the Yoldia Sea.

12

Foraminiferal and palynological records of the Late Badenian (Middle Miocene) transgression in Podolia (Shchyrets near Lviv, western Ukraine)

75%

Peryt D. , Gedl P. , Peryt T. M.

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tom Vol. 58, No. 3

465--484

EN

The Upper Badenian marly shales overlying gypsum and the Ratyn Limestone at Shchyrets, Ukraine, contain moderately to well-preserved benthic (calcareous only) and planktonic foraminifers, and palynofacies dominated by bisaccate pollen grains, presumably transported by wind. Both foraminiferal and dinoflagellate cyst assemblages indicate an open marine environment with normal-marine salinity and cool waters. The palaeodepth was ca. 50 m except for the uppermost part of the section studied, where a distinctive deepening is indicated by the dominance of Uvigerina in benthic foraminiferal assemblages and a high P/B ratio. The water was thermally stratified and the differences between the bottom water and the water column show an upwards-increasing trend. Bulimina and Globocassidulina are the most common and dominant component of benthic foraminiferal assemblages, except for the uppermost part where Uvigerina dominates the assemblage. The composition of benthic foraminifer assemblages and δ13C values of foraminifers indicate nutrient-rich waters and mesotrophic to eutrotrophic environments in surface waters, and low oxygenation at the sea floor in the Ukrainian Carpathian Foredeep Basin during the Late Badenian.

13

Paleogene microfossils from the submarine debris flows in the Skole basin (Polish and Ukraine Outer Carpathians)

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Szydło A. , Garecka M. , Jankowski L. , Malata T.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2014

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tom Vol. 40, no. 1

49--65

EN

Biostratigraphic analysis of fossils material has allowed the documentation of sediment gravity flows in the Skole basin during the Paleocene and Eocene times, and also in the Eocene-Oligocene transition. This most external basin of the NE Outer Carpathians was a marginal sea especially sensitive to geotectonic instability and relative sea-level change, favoring the development of down slope movements at these times. The dominance of calcareous forms in foraminifera, and a large share of redeposited species among the nanno- and microfossils indicate a close relationship of sediments containing them with the shelf environment and documents not too long transport. Additionally the recycled forms are often well preserved, indicating that the rock contained in flows were only plasticized and hydrated while the material itself was not a subject of significant mechanical processing in contrast to that one, which directly documented down slope moving. The latter forms are bad preserved and their fossil remains are usually corroded, partially dissolved and broken during this process. In addition, the planktonic forms including foraminifera, calcareous dinocysts and nannoplankton allow documenting the time of the final deposition of the sediment transported on slope.

14

Palaeoenvironmental and climatic changes during the early pleistocene recorded in the lacustrine-boggy-fluvial sediments at Komorniki, NE Poland

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Khursevich G. , Nita M. , Ber A. , Sanko A. , Fedenya S.

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tom Vol. 16

35--44

EN

The lacustrine-boggy-fluvial sequence at Komorniki, NE Poland was subject to complex (geological, palynological, diatomological and malacological) investigations. These sediments occur between the Narevian and Nidanian glaciations tills and belong to the Augustovian Interglacial of Poland correlated with the Cromerian 1 Interglacial of the Netherlands. Two cold stages of a glacial rank and one warm stage of interglacial rank (with dominant pollen of Quercus, Ulmus, Carpinus, Alnus, Tilia and Corylus in sediments corresponding to the climatic optimum) have been distinguished in the pollen succession. The latter is similar to that known from the Augustovian Interglacial profiles at Szczebra, Kalejty and Czarnucha. Diatom succession from the Komorniki section includes certain unidentified, apparently new small species of Stephanodiscus, Staurosirella and Pseudostaurosira side be side with the Pleistocene extinct taxon of Stephanodiscus niagarae var. insuetus and a relatively widespread species of S. rotula characterizing by some morphological peculiarities. In the composition of the malacofauna the fluvial extinct species of Fagotia wuesti and Sphaerium cf. rivicola are the most important molluscs for the biostratigraphy. Among them, Sphaerium cf. rivicola is known from the late Tiglian in the Netherlands. Fagotia wuesti is characteristic of the Bavel Interglacial in the Netherlands, as well as of the Borntal and Artern interglacials in Germany.

15

Environmental changes during the Cenomanian-Turonian Boundary Event in the Outer Carpathian basins: a synthesis of data from various tectonic-facies units

75%

Bąk K.

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tom Vol. 77, No 2

171-191

EN

The paper summarizes the results of author’s studies on the environmental changes around the Cenomanian-Turonian Boundary Event (CTBE) in the Outer Carpathian basins located close to the northern margin of the Western Tethys, whose sea floor was situated below the calcite compensation depth. The sedimen- tary, biotic and chemical records allowed to recognize the successions related to the oceanic anoxic event (OAE-2) and trace changes around this event sediments within the frame of the stable carbon isotope excursion and biostratigraphic datum events. The changes so traced included changes in: type of deep-water sedimentation, accumulation rate, productivity, oxygenation of bottom water and benthic foraminiferal assemblages. Correlation of the palaeoenvironmental changes with the carbon isotope curve and biostratigraphic datum events allowed the comparisons between the various sedimentary areas in the Outer Carpathians, and with other areas of the Western Tethys. Most of the interpreted events around the CTBE were synchronous in the northern branch of the Western Tethys that extended to the Umbria-Marche and Sicily carbonate platforms. These events included: (1) an increase in productivity before the interval with the highest shift in d13C values, (2) the main interval of organic-rich sedimentation (Bonarelli level), (3) a rapid change to oxygenated sediments near the Cenomanian-Turonian (C-T) boundary and continued during the Early Turonian, (4) fluctuations in oxygen content in bottom waters with short intervals of anoxia during the earliest Turonian, (5) deposition of a thick bentonite layer, near the start of the d13C excursion, roughly synchronous with the phase of a positive shift in Pb isotopic compositions in the silicate sediment fraction in one of the Umbria-Marche sections, (6) an interval of extremely low hemipelagic sedimentation with hiatuses near the base of the C-T boundary and during the earliest Turonian, correlated with the maximum rise of the sea level. The presented data from the Outer Carpathians suggest that the OAE-2 could be triggered by enhanced productivity; however, subaerial volcanic eruptions, accompanied by hydrothermal activity and formation of large igneous provinces could also be a factor which enriched the ocean-atmosphere system in CO2. Sluggish deep- water circulation, probably deteriorating through the Late Cenomanian, favoured preservation of organic matter during the latest Cenomanian. The mechanism of rapid oxygenation of bottom waters near the C-T boundary was related to recurrent inflows of (?)saline warm and oxygenated waters.

16

Early Jurassic dinoflagellate cysts from the Kraków-Silesia Monocline, southern Poland: a record from the Blanowice Formation at Mrzygłód

75%

Gedl P.

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tom Vol. 77, No 2

147-159

EN

A 3-m thick section of the Blanowice Formation exposed in an abandoned clay-pit at Mrzygłód (Kraków-Silesia Monocline, southern Poland) yielded rich palynological material. Besides dominating land- derived phytoclasts and sporomorphs organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts) occur. Presence of Luehndea spinosa allows considering time of deposition of studied deposits as Late Pliensbachian-earliest Toarcian. Quantitative fluctuations of main groups of palynofacies elements suggest variable sedimentological conditions of deposition within the southern part of the Polish epicontinental basin. Dominance of large-sized cuticle remains and lack of dinocysts occurs in sediments deposited in continental conditions. Occurrence of dinocysts and other aquatic palynomorphs takes place in sediments that have originated during marine ingression.

PL

Epikontynentalna dolna jura w Polsce wykształcona jest w większości w facjach kontynentalnych. We wczesnej jurze zaznaczyło się jednak kilka ingresji morskich na teren dzisiejszej Polski, których najbardziej kompletny zapis znany jest z Polski północno-zachodniej. W pozostałych, peryferyjnych obszarach basenu zapis ingresji jest znacznie słabiej udokumentowany z uwagi na brak skamieniałości. Z tego powodu, jednostki litostratygraficzne epikontynentalnej dolnej jury tej częoeci Polski (Fig. 1, 2) są często pozbawione precyzyjnych datowań biostratygraficznych. Podjęte w ostatnich latach badania organicznych cyst Dinoflagellata (dinocyst) z epikontynentalnej jury Polski pokazują dużą ich przydatność dla biostratygrafii oraz, wraz z analizą palinofacji – dla rekonstrukcji środowiska sedymentacji tych osadów. Takie badania, podjęte w dolnojurajskim profilu formacji blanowickiej w nieczynnym wyrobisku cegielni w Mrzygłodzie (Fig. 3), są prezentowane w niniejszym artykule. Blisko 3 metrowy profil (Fig. 4) odsłania ciemne iłowce z zachowan ą pierwotną laminacją, przechodzące ku górze w jasnoszare iły z licznym uwęglonym detrytusem rooelinnym, które podścielają 10 cm pokład węgla. Powyżej odsłaniają się ponownie ciemno zabarwione iły. Z profilu pobrano 3 próbki, które poddano standardowej maceracji palinologicznej. Wszystkie próbki zawierają bardzo bogaty materiał palinologiczny zdominowany przez roślinne elementy pochodzenia lądowego. W próbce Mrz2 najliczniej występują dużych rozmiarów fitoklasty (Fig. 5); podobnie w próbce Mrz1, gdzie pojawiają się jednak nieliczne dinocysty z rodzaju Nannoceratopsis. W próbce tej zaznacza się również udział organicznej materii amorficznej (Fig. 6). Dinocysty najliczniej występują w próbce Mrz3, gdzie stanowią blisko 2% palinofacji. Próbka ta charakteryzuje się również dużym udziałem sporomorf (Fig. 5). Zespół dinocyst jest wyraźnie zdominowany przez przedstawicieli rodzaju Nannoceratopsis (Fig. 7, 8, 9). Jedynie w próbce Mrz3 pojawiają się pojedynczy przedstawiciele innych gatunków: Batiacasphaera sp., Luehndea spinosa, Mendicodinium spinosum. Obecność Luehndea spinosa wskazuje, że badane osady reprezentują górny pliensbach-najniższy toark. Analiza palinofacji wskazuje na zmienne warunki sedymentacji osadów z badanego profilu. Najniższa jego część powstawała w warunkach morskich, których odzwierciedleniem jest obecność dinocyst. Wyższa część profilu, w obrębie której występuje węgiel, powstała zapewne w środowisku lądowym (jeziorzyskowym?). Pojawienie się nielicznych dinocyst w stropowej partii profilu wskazuje na stopniowy powrót warunków morskich (brakicznych?) w trakcie jego powstawania.

17

Quantitative studies of the calcareous nannoplankton of Sarmatian deposits : case studies in the Sieniawa–Rudka area (Outer Carpathian Foredeep, Poland)

75%

Lelek D. , Oszczypko-Clowes M. , Oszczypko N.

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tom Vol. 86, No. 1

29--57

EN

The aim of this study was the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the calcareous nannofossil assemblages of the Machów Formation, belonging to the supra-evaporitic complex of the Polish Carpathian Foredeep Basin (PCFB). The work was concentrated in the eastern part of the PCFB, in the Sieniawa–Rudka area (Ryszkowa Wola Horst). Samples were collected from the Rudka-13 and Wylewa-1 boreholes. On the basis of calcareous nannoplankton, these deposits were assigned to the upper part of the NN6 Zone combined with the NN7 Zone, which corresponds to the Sarmatian s.s. of the Central Paratethys (upper Serravallian of the Mediterranean scale). Conclusive determination of the biozone NN7 was problematic, owing to the absence of the rare zonal marker species Discoaster kugleri. The typical association of the undivided NN6–NN7 Zone was of low species diversity and usually dominated by Coccolithus pelagicus, Cyclicargolithus floridanus and Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilica (> 7 µm). On the basis of the relative abundance of species, a significant amount of redeposition was deduced. The reworked nannofossils were mostly Eocene in age. The Oligocene, Early Miocene and Late Cretaceous species occurred much less frequently. The dominance of Eocene forms indicates the Carpathians as the main supply area. The Late Cretaceous taxa may have originated from the Senonian marly deposits of the Miechów Trough in the north. Statistical treatment of the quantitative data was performed using multivariate cluster analysis and Nonmetrical Multidimensional Scaling (nMDS). The composition of the calcareous nannofossil assemblages, together with the high percentage of allochthonous taxa, indicate a shallow, coastal environment with a high supply of nutrients.

18

Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Upper Visean Paprotnia Beds (Bardo Unit, Polish Sudetes) using ichnological and palaeontological data

75%

Muszer J. , Uglik M.

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2013

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tom Vol. 57, No. 3

365--384

EN

In this paper the trace fossil associations and the taphocoenoses from the Upper Visean Paprotnia Beds (Bardo Unit) have been compared. Eleven ichnogenera have been recognized (Zoophycos, Chondrites, Protovirgularia, Lockeia, Palaeophycus, Nereites, Planolites, Altichnus, Paleobuprestis, cf. Thalassinoides and ?daedaloid form). A new ichnospecies Paleobuprestis sudeticus has been defined herein. It is the oldest wood-boring trace fossil observed in macroscale and the first wood-boring trace fossil preserved on the archaeocalamites stems. Based on ichnodiversity and relative abundance of trace fossils in the investigated strata three ichnoassociations have been distinguished: Zoophycos–Chondrites–Palaeophycus, Palaeophycus–Nereites and Paleobuprestis. Vertical succession of both the taphocoenoses and ichnoassociations reflects the different colonization stages of the substrate and is linked to bathymetric changes in the marine basin from offshore to nearshore conditions in warm climate at low latitude. The Paprotnia profile is a unique record of the Asbian–Brigantian transition.

19

Pliocene freshwater pollen-bearing deposits in the Mizerna-Nowa borehole, West Carpathians, Poland

75%

Birkenmajer K. , Worobiec E.

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tom Vol. 57, No. 1

73-–88

EN

This paper describes sedimentology and palynology of freshwater plant-bearing late Cenozoic (Pliocene sensu lato) deposits drilled at Mizerna, the eastern part of the Nowy Targ Intramontane Depression, West Carpathians, South Poland. Our data were obtained from a newly-analysed 39-m thick succession from the Mizerna-Nowa borehole, containing spores, pollen and freshwater organic-walled algal micro-remains. They shed light on the palaeoenvironmental conditions of the Nowy Targ Intramontane Depression, where the Mizerna palaeolake once formed.

20

A new Lower Coniacian fauna from the Jerzmanice Zdrój region of the North Sudetic Basin, SW Poland

75%

Chrząstek A.

Geologia Sudetica

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2008

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tom Vol. 40

33-50

EN

This paper describes and interprets a newly discovered Lower Coniacian (lower Upper Cretaceous) macro- and micro- fossil fauna (vertebrate and invertebrate remains) from sedimentary rocks of the Jerzmanice Zdrój region of the North Sudetic Basin of SW Poland. Several inoceramid bivalve taxa that previously were only known from other parts of the North Sudetic Basin were recovered from light grey, marly sandstones of Early Coniacian age. A fragment of ammonite was also discovered, as was a shark's tooth from the family Cretoxyrhinidae: this may be Cretoxyrhina mantelli Agassiz, 1843, a species not hitherto known from the Lower Coniacian (Emscherian sensu Scupin (1912-13)) of the North Sudetic Basin. Abundant foraminifers were observed in thin sections. The newly discovered inoceramid bivalves - Cremnoceramus deformis erectus Meek, 1877, Cremnoceramus waltersdorfensis waltersdorfensis Andert, 1911 and Inoceramus lusatiae Andert, 1911 - fit into the current biostratigraphic scheme for the region. The inoceramids can all be assigned to the Cremnoceramus deformis erectus Zone, which correlates with the Gavelinella moniliformis foraminiferal Zone and thereby confirms an Early Coniacian age. The Turonian-Coniacian boundary in the North Sudetic Basin can now be placed between the respective inoceramid zones of Inoceramus costellatus Woods, 1912 (actually Mytiloides costellatus Woods, 1912) and Inoceramus schloenbachi Böhm, 1911 (actually Cremnoceramus crassus crassus Petrascheck, 1903). The macrofossils found in the Jerzmanice section suggest that the host sediments were laid down in a Late Cretaceous epicontinental basin, under the North Sudetic Sea, that had deepened during the Early Coniacian. This interpretation agrees with the global bathymetric curve for the Late Cretaceous in Europe.