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EN
The study aimed to determine the annual reproductive cycle of Siganus rivulatusfi females based on monthly variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and histological changes in gonads. A total of 240 fish samples were collected monthly from small-scale (trammel nets) and recreational (angling and pot fishery) fishing from Gökova Bay, the southern Aegean Sea, between July 2017 and June 2018. The length and weight of female fish varied from 10.8 to 26.1 cm with a mean length of 18.7 ± 0.2 cm and from 14.98 to 293.42 g with a mean weight of 91.1 ± 2.93 g. GSI values began to increase in May, peaked in June and gradually decreased in July, indicating that the spawning season was early summer. A total of 240 gonads were histologically examined. Granular, pinkish structure of eggs was observed primarily between April and June, which was consistent with the increase in the gonadosomatic index. Post-spawning follicles were determined in July. Values of the gonadosomatic index gradually decreased after August and they were minimal between September and November. During this period, ovaries were surrounded by immature oocytes at the chromatin and peri-nucleolus stages. These results revealed that Siganus rivulatusstarted vitellogenesis in April and the gonadosomatic index peaked in June.
EN
Peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) catalyzes the post-translational modification of protein through the conversion of arginine to citrulline in the presence of calcium ions. Human, similar to rodents, has four isoforms of PAD (type I, II, III and IV/V), each of which is distinct in substrate specificity and tissue specific expression. In our large-scale sequencing project, we identified a new human PAD cDNA from a human fetal brain cDNA library. The putative protein encoded by this cDNA is designated hPADVI. Expression analysis of hPADVI showed that it is mainly expressed in adult human ovary and peripheral blood leukocytes. We conclude that hPADVI may be orthologous to mouse ePAD, basing on sequence comparison, chromosome localization and exon-intron structure analysis. PAD-mediated deimination of epithelial cell keratin resulting in cytoskeletal remodeling suggests a possible role for hPADVI in cytoskeletal reorganization in the egg and in early embryo development. This study describes a new important member of the human PAD family.
XX
Introduction: Amenorrhea is a symptom of a variety of disorders and dysfunctions. Historically, there have been many practical difficulties associated with the diagnosis of amenorrhea due to the complex nature of the ovaries, pituitary gland and hypothalamus. Purpose: To develop a free, simple stand alone educational research software (ERS) to assist the education of clinicians and laboratorians (or undergraduate students) with regard to the clinicobiochemical evaluation of amenorrhea. Μaterials and methods: The software was designed using: a) Microsoft Windows as operating system, b) C# .NET (4.0) as software component (plug-in), and c) C# (C Sharp) as (object-oriented) programming language. It can be distributed on Compact Disk (CD) and be run on any Personal Computer (PC) on Windows. Results: The developed (ERS) -which we have called ERSA v.1.0 - does not require comprehensive skills and expertise in computers. Its educational benefits (common reasons for use) include activating motivation, stimulating recall of the prerequisite material, providing learning guidance and feedback (interactivity), usability outside timetabled course, and competency assessment. Conclusions: The free ERSA v.1.0 could be a practical digital teaching tool for supporting the clinicobiochemical education. Future research should continue so as to evaluate and improve its accuracy, appropriateness, and usability by healthcare students or professionals.
EN
The Iymphatic vessels emanating from the oviductal infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus were examined in the pig paraovarian sac and broad ligament walls to determine their relations with paraovarian lymphatic plexus. To differentiate the oviductal, ovarian and uterine lymphatic pathways injections of three-coloured microfil were used. The precollector lymphatics in the paraovarian sac mesosalpinx created two networks running independently pathways towards the lymph nodes. A large multimesh network from the oviductal isthmus, especially in the late follicular and early luteal phase, together with uterine precollectors made the limphatic plexusus in subovarian areas. Both of these lymphatics networks did not posses direct connections for the lymph flow. The lymphatic system in the supraovarian sac was not evident scanty.
EN
Body condition can influence bovine fertility, but the morphological, biochemical and endocrine mechanisms of this influence are not fully understood. The aim of the study was to examine the interrelationships between cow body condition, morphological and endocrine state of the ovary, and blood metabolic indexes. Czech Fleckvieh dairy cows at the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle and with a tendency towards emaciation (body condition scoreCS2) and cows with an average body condition score (BCS3) were compared. Plasma concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), Ca2+, inorganic phosphorus (Pi ), Mg2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ (determined using photometrically), leptin and insulin (ELISA), ovarian area, number of visible ovarian follicles, diameter of primary and secondary ovarian follicles and corpora albicantia (macro- and micrometric analysis of ovarian histological sections), as well as the release of progesterone, testosterone, oestradiol and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) by isolated ovarian granulosa cells (RIA) were analysed. No significant differences between BCS2 and BCS3 cows in blood metabolic and endocrine indexes (except for decreased Zn2+ in BCS3 cows) were found. The ovaries of BCS2 cows, however, showed a lower ovarian area, diameter of both primary and secondary follicles and corpora albicantia, but not the number of visible secondary follicles as compared with BCS3 cows. No differences between the release of progesterone, testosterone and IGF-I by ovarian granulosa cells isolated from BCS2 or BCS3 cows were found, but the granulosa cells of BCS2 animals released more oestradiol than those of BCS3 cows. These results indicate that a slight reduction in BCS (tendency towards emaciation) does not substantially affect ovarian secretory activity or metabolic blood indexes. On the other hand, a tendency towards emaciation is associated with reduced ovarian follicle growth (but not their number) and increased secretion of oestradiol. These observations suggest that a tendency towards emaciation can suppress bovine fertility via alterations in ovarian folliculogenesis and oestrogen release.
EN
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of long-term (48 d), per os animal administration of low zearalenone (ZEA) doses (50% and 100% NOAEL values) on the dynamics of changes in the morphometric parameters of the reproductive organs in sexually-immature gilts. The experiment involved 12 clinically-healthy gilts aged 2 months with initial body weight of ± 40 kg and a determined immune status. The animals were randomly divided into two experimental groups (El, n=4; E2, n=4) and a control group (C, n=4). Group El was administered per os 20 µg of ZEA/kg b.w. for 48 d, group E2 received per os 40 µg of ZEA/kg b.w. for 48 d, and group C was administered per os placebo for 48 d. The mycotoxin was administered daily per os animal in gelatin capsules before morning feeding. The animals were slaughtered at the end of the experiment. No significant morphometric changes were noted in the reproductive system of the gilts, except for an increase in the number of medium-sized ovarian follicles in group El. This suggests that ZEA at low concentrations may cause hormonal effects (hyperoestrogenism) but it does not exhibit xenobiotic activity.
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