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1
Content available remote Częstość występowania opadów na polskim wybrzeżu
100%
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2009
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tom nr 1
20-24
PL
Średnie miesięczne, sezonowe, półroczne i roczne liczby dni z opadem atmosferycznym > 0,1 mm dla głównych stacji meteorologicznych polskiego wybrzeża w okresie 1951 - 2000. Analiza czasowo-przestrzennego zróżnicowania częstości występowania dni z opadem atmosferycznym na polskim wybrzeżu.
EN
Mean monthly, seasonal, 6-months and annual numbers of days with atmospheric rainfall > 0.1 mm for main meteo stations located along Polish coastline in the period of 1951 - 2000. The analysis of spatial and time differentiation of the freqnency of days with atmospheric rainfall along Polish coast.
2
Content available remote Opady normalne i anomalne w Krakowie w latach 1850-1998. [Komunikat]
100%
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2000
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tom Z. 2
171-182
EN
The paper presents an analysis of annual distribution of normal precipitation and frequency of pre-cipitation anomalies in Cracow. Annual and monthly precipitation totals from the Climatological Station of the Jagiellonian University from the years 1850-1998 were used. The method of S.Mrugała (1977) was applied in order to determine the norm and anomalies of precipitation. Long-time regularities of anomalies as well as correlation between periods with precipitation above and below norm on the one hand and synoptic situations according to classification of T.Niedźwiedź (1999) on the other were determined. Considerable differentiation of normal and anomalous precipitation was pointed out, both in the annual and long-term course. Negative anomalies are more frequent and last longer than the posi-tive ones both in a year and in particular months. It was determined that the sign of the annual precipitation anomaly depends on the distribution of frequency of anomalies in particular months. Such relations turned out to be strongest in case of below norm precipitation, when the frequency of negative anomalies was predominating in all the months, while in June and August only negative anomalies took place. The occurrence of anomalous periods is conditioned by the kind of synoptic situation. It was calcu-lated that during the periods of negative precipitation anomalies there is an increase of frequency of anticyclonic situations (Ka and WA), while positive precipitation anomalies correspond to the growth of frequency of cyclonic situations (Wc, Bc, Nc).
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2002
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tom nr 12
77-88
EN
In the polar area, the precipitation is a component of one of the most important processes connected with the glacier mass balance ? accumulation and ablation. In this case particular signifi-cance is attributed to the height of the precipitation for a month of a cool season. The aim of this study is to examine the long-term variability of the atmospheric precipitation in Hornsund by the analysis of the monthly, seasonal and annual sums of precipitation and the sums of the precipitation for the accumulation season. Moreover, the long-term variability of the frequency of the days with precipitation (>= 0.0 mm), of the days with trace precipitation (= 0.0 mm), of the days with the precipitation >= 0.1 mm, >= 1.0 mm, >= 5.0 mm, >= 10.0 mm, >= 20.0 mm was discussed in the scale of the year, seasons and the accumulation period. The investigation of long-term variability of the precipitation in Hornsund that was carried out indicated that annual sums of precipitation amount to 421.7 mm. The annual sums of the precipitation are distinguished by the rising tendency showing up from the beginning of the measurement period to 1995. In the second half of the 90-ties, despite of high sums, annual precipitation is characterised by decreasing tendency that is connected with the low sums of precipitation in 1998. The highest part of annual precipitation falls in autumn and slightly less in summer. The lowest precipitation sums appear in spring. A slightly decreasing tendency is visible in the long-term course of spring precipitation. Both the autumn and the summer precipitation is characterised by the higher sums in the last decade of the 20th century than in the earlier period. Moreover, the autumn sums of precipitation are distin-guished by an increasing trend in the last decade of the 20th century while the course of summer precipitation shows the decreasing tendency from 1994. Taking into consideration the monthly values it was stated that September predominates in respect of the height of precipitation. High precipitation also occurs in August. The lowest sums of the monthly precipitation occur in the end of winter and in spring, with especially low sums in May and April. The long-term course of precipitation in particular months is diverse and exhibits specific features. The frequency of the days with defined thresholds of precipitation sums exhibits a great diversity of long-term course in the considered scales of time. The period in the turn of the 80-ties and 90-ties is interesting from the point of view of temporary variability of the frequency of precipitation. In this period the highest frequencies of the days with defined thresholds of precipitation sums often occured or the change of tendencies direction took place.
6
Content available remote Strategia postępowania z wodami opadowymi na obszarach zurbanizowanych
100%
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2012
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tom nr 6
672-679
PL
Gospodarka wodami opadowymi. Organizacja, finansowanie, zarządzanie. Sytuacje szczególne, rozwiązania alternatywne.
EN
Questions of the rain water disposal. Existing systems management problems, financial and organisational issues. Alternative solutions of the rain water disposal.
7
Content available remote Charakterystyki sum opadów atmosferycznych na polskim wybrzeżu
100%
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2008
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tom nr 5
263-268
PL
Średnie miesięczne, sezonowe półroczne i roczne sumy opadów atmosferycznych (mm) dla głównych stacji meteorologicznych polskiego wybrzeża w okresie 1951-2000. Analiza zróżnicowania czasoprzestrzennego opadów atmosferycznych.
EN
Mean monthly, seasonal, semi-annual and annual totals of atmospheric precipitation (mm) for main meteorological stations located along the Polish coast in the period 1951-2000. Analysis of temporal and spatial differentiation of the atmospheric precipitation.
PL
W pracy zamieszczono analizę wyników pomiarów odczynu opadów atmosferycznych (deszcz i śnieg), uzyskanych na stacji pomiarowej Instytutu Ekologii Terenów Uprzemysłowionych w Katowicach, w latach 1990-2008, z podziałem na okres letni (niegrzewczy) i zimowy (grzewczy). Z danych wynika, że między rokiem 1990 a 1991 wystąpił bardzo znaczący spadek wartości pH z poziomu ok. 5,5 do pH = 4,5 w sezonie niegrzewczym i pH = 4,0 w sezonie grzewczym. W kolejnych latach średnioroczna wartość pH opadów utrzymywała się na poziomie około 4,4. Wzrost wartości pH pojawił się w roku 2001, podwyższając się do roku 2006. W 2007 zaobserwowano obniżenie pH, z wartości 4,94 do 3,95 w sezonie grzewczym i spadek wartości pH z 4,98 do 4,0 w sezonie niegrzewczym. W 2008 r. nastąpił powrót do wartości pH z roku 2005. Analiza regresji wykazała istotną statystyczną zależność pomiędzy pH opadów a liczbą dni suchych poprzedzających opad i wysokością opadu. Im większa przerwa pomiędzy opadami, tym pH opadu było wyższe. Natomiast wraz z wyższymi sumami dobowymi opadu jego odczyn stawał się bardziej kwaśny.
EN
Measurement results conceming atmospheric precipitation (rainfall and snow) acidity in the period of 1990-2008 are presented and discussed. The atmospheric precipitation sampIes were collected at the monitoring station of the Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas in Katowice in summer and winter seasons. In the period of 1990-1991 a signif'icant decrease ofthe precipitation pH from ca. 5,5 to 4,5 (in summer season) and to ca. 4,0 (in winter season) was observed. In the following decade i.e. unti1 the year 2000, the average annua1 va1ue ofpH was on the 1eve1 of ca. 4,4. Between 2001 and 2006 an increase of the pH va1ue was observed (pH = 4,94). In 2007 an increase of acidity was recorded up to pH= 3,95 in winter and 4,0 in summertime. In 2008 a decline ofthe pH va1ue to the 20051eve1 was noted. A regression ana1ysis of the measurement data showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between the number of days preceding the atmospheric precipitation and the precipitation acidity. The relationship was also observed in the case of the atmospheric precipitation acidity and precipitation rate. The pH ofthe precipitation was higher when the intervals between the days without atmospheric precipitation were longer. The acidity of the precipitation increased also with the precipitation rate.
11
Content available remote Bilans wodny małej zlewni leśnej
100%
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1998
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tom nr 110
103-131
PL
Wieloletnie charakterystyki średniej 1-minutowej intensywności deszczu, niezbędne do projektowania linii radiowych w pasmach mikrofalowych, są określone jedynie dla Polski centralnej. W artykule zaprezentowano możliwość uzyskania regionalnych 1-minutowych charakterystyk deszczu na podstawie 1-godzinowych opadów deszczu, zarejestrowanych w 60 stacjach synoptycznych Instytutu Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej na terytorium Polski. Przedstawiono rozkłady 1-minutowej intensywności deszczu, uzyskane dla Polski południowej i południowo-wschodniej przez wykorzystanie wyników pomiarów 1-godzinowych opadów deszczu, przeprowadzonych w ciągu ok. 30 lat na stacjach synoptycznych w: Bielsku -Białej, Tarnowie, Rzeszowie, Krośnie, Przemyślu, Zamościu, Lublinie i Włodawie.
EN
Long-term 1-min average rain-rate characteristics, necessary for the desing of microwave radio links are determined only for central Poland. The possibility of regional 1-min rain-rate characteristics derivation, using onehour rainfall records is shown in the paper. Such records are available in 60 synoptic stations of the Meteorological Institute situated on the territory of Poland. In this paper 1-min rain-rate distributions for Southern Poland and South-East Poland, derived from one-hour 30-years rainfall records in synoptic stations Bielsko-Biała, Tarnów, Krosno, Rzeszów, Przemyśl, Zamość, Włodawa and Lublin are presented.
16
Content available remote Opady atmosferyczne o anomalnej wysokości (na przykładzie Warszawy i Lublina)
100%
EN
Authors proposed a new method of establishing normal and anomalous sums of monthly precipitation. The upper limit of 'normal precipitation' class is the mean value of monthly sums above average, the lower limit is the mean value of monthly sums below average. The precipitation conditions in Warsaw and Lublin in the period 1951-1995 are analysed with use this method. It was stated, that months with negative anomaly are more often than months with positive one. The 'anomalous months' are single or make sequence 2 or 3 months, and rarely longer ones. During the months with anomalous low precipitation the anticyclonic circulation types are predominant, especially from eastern sector. During the months with anomalous high precipitation the cyclonic circulation types are prevailing, especially the types from northern sector, although high convective rains are also possible during anticyclonic circulation types. The positive anomaly only in Warsaw is more probable during atmospheric circulation from West and North-West and only in Lublin during the circulation from North-East.
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