The Coulomb charges method is used to model apparent resistivity measurements carried out in layered geological formations with a borehole using various devices. It is characterized by a high level of effectiveness and accuracy. The results are compared with the theoretical solutions for a homogenous medium with the borehole and invaded zone for point current source lateral devices. The relative error was less than 2% for different values of the range of the invaded zone and resistivity of invaded and true resistivity of formation.
Surfaces of titanium samples were modified by methods which are commonly used with implants. The specimen-surfaces have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface profiling and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results of EIS correlate - for simple equivalent circuits - to results of surface-profile measurement. To interpret complex circuits in a meaningful manner, further systematic investigations will be necessary at pre-defined structures and layers.
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