Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESULTS IN 100M AND 400M SPRINT RACES IN ATHLETES AGED FROM 6 TO 100

100%

Iskra J. , Pietrzak M. , Szczęsna M. , Gwiazdoń P.

Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective

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2017

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tom 6

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nr 9

27-38

XX

The 100 m race is not only a sports discipline but also a way of assessing an athlete’s speed abilities. The run over the distance of 400 metres combines both speed and endurance (anaerobic) capacities. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the development of results in men's 100 and 400m sprint races, taking into account the best performance within the age from 6 to 100. By examining the course and the development of the world's leading sprinters’ careers, the authors took into consideration their best final results achieved each year. They were assigned to three research protocols that included age, successive years of starts, and the period before and after their personal best.The results are presented with arithmetic means and standard deviations (SD). In the comparative analysis of groups of runners over various distances (100 and 400m), the percentage value (%) of the result in relation to the world record over the given distance was chosen as a common element. The research has shown that the age range from 20 to 31 in the 100m race and 20 to 29 in the 400m run respectively, are the best periods for continuation of a sports career suitable for the shortest and longest sprint distance at the highest world level. The development of speed abilities up to the age of 14 is similar to the scale of their regression after the age of 35. Knowledge concerning the change in sports performance level in relation to age provides the opportunity to predict the periods of peak performance in a given sports discipline. This enables a rational and proper planning of the training process.

2

An Analysis of Sports Career Development in the 400-metre Dash

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Pietrzak M. , Iskra J. , Dziadek B. , Gwiazdoń P.

Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective

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2021

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tom 10

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nr 18

43-51

EN

One of the indicators of an optimally conducted training process is the athlete's achievement of sports success in all age categories. The analysis of sports career development is helpful in determining the periods of maximizing and maintaining sports results, but also in choosing the development path leading to the achievement of top-level results at the senior age. The aim of the study was to assess the development of sports championship in the 400-metre dash, comprising sports careers of 400 m medalists of the World Cadet and Junior Championships and European Junior Championships in the most important sports events in the senior age category, namely the European Championships, World Athletics Indoor Championships, World Championships, and the Olympic Games. The analysis involved a group of 69 male and 69 female medalists of the European Junior Championships, 27 male and 27 female medalists of the World Youth Junior Championships as well as a group of 48 male and 48 female medalists of the World Junior Championships in the 400 m. The research revealed that from 4% to 7% of the World Cadet Championships medalists and 1-3% of the male and 4-6% of the female medalists of the European Junior Championships achieved their highest sports success by winning medals at the World Championships and the Olympic Games. 6% to 10% of the studied World Junior Championships male medalists were successful in the World Championships. Among the World Championships female medalists, 12% won medals at the World Athletics Indoor Championships, 6% won medals at the World Championships, and 2% won the Olympic Games medals.

3

Starość jako etap życia w dziele Bartłomieja Paprockiego „Třinácte tabulí věku lidského”

100%

Koczur-Lejk K.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

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2016

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tom 163

429-438

EN

Bartholomew Paprocki in his work Třinácte tabulí věku lidského (1601) describes stages of human existence. Each stage constitutes one ‘‘board” in which Paprocki contains different moral messages. On individual “boards” the writer scrutinizes birth, childhood, youth, adulthood, old age. Paprocki perceives old age as the final stage of life, starting at the age of 60, which is aboundary between what happened and what will happen. The first part of human life is over and the rest should be devoted to religious worship, when one regrets sins committed in young age and begs God for forgiveness.

CS

Bartoloměj Paprocký ve svém díle Třinácte tabulí věku lidského (1601) popisuje etapa lidského života. Každé období je jedna „tabule”, ve které Paprocký dává jiné morální napomenutína základě citátů zantických spisovatelů acírkevních otců. Vjednotlivých „tabulích” autor charakterizuje dětství, mládí, dospělost a stáří. Paprocký považuje stáří za poslední etapu života, jež začíná ve věku 60 let, který znamená hranici mezi tím, co bylo, atím, co bude. První částka života končí, v druhé částce je třeba žít zbožně, litovat hříchů spáchaných v mládí aprosit Boha o smilování.

4

Morphology and morphogenesis of a Chinese population of the soil urostylid ciliate, Extraholosticha sylvatica (Foissner, 1982) Li et al., 2017 (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)

75%

Li J. , Wen K. , Zhu E. , Wang J.

Acta Protozoologica

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2019

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tom 58

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nr 4

5

The influence of moderate water deficiency on the presence of lignin in different ecotypes of Alisma plantago-aquatica L.

75%

Ovrutska I. I.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2007

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tom 29

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nr 1 Suppl.

6

Phyllotactic pattern formation in early stages of cactus ontogeny

75%

Gola E. M.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2006

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tom 75

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nr 4

271-279

EN

Representatives of the family Cactaceae are characterized by a wide range of phyllotaxis. To assess the origin of this diversity, early stages of phyllotactic pattern formation were examined in seedlings. The analysis of the sequence of areole initiation revealed intertribal differences. In seedlings from the Trichocereeae (Gymnocalycium, Rebutia) and Notocacteae (Parodia) tribes, two opposite cotyledonal areoles developed as the first elements of a pattern. Usually, next pair of areoles was initiated perpendicularly to cotyledonal areoles, starting the decussate pattern. This pattern was subsequently transformed into bijugate or into simple spiral phyllotaxis. In seedlings from the Cacteae tribe (Mammillaria and Thelocactus), cotyledonal areoles were never observed and the first areoles always appeared in the space between cotyledons. It was either areole pair (mainly in Mammillaria), starting a decussate pattern, or a single areole (mainly in Thelocactus) quickly followed by areoles spirally arranged, usually in accordance with the main Fibonacci phyllotaxis. Differences in the initial stages of pattern formation do not fully explain the phyllotaxis diversity in mature cacti. Only two, the most common phyllotactic patterns occurred in the early development of studied seedlings, i.e. the main Fibonacci and the decussate pattern. Discrepancy in the range of phyllotactic spectra in seedlings and in mature plants suggests that phyllotaxis diversity emerges during further plant growth. Initial phyllotactic transformations, occurring already in the very early stages, indicate great plasticity of cactus growth and seem to support the hypothesis of the ontogenetic increase of phyllotaxis diversity due to transformations.

7

Ispol'zovanie psikhomotornykh uprazhdenijj dlja razvitija bystroty i koordinacionnykh sposobnostejj shkol'nikov

75%

Golenko A.

Aktywność Ruchowa Ludzi w Różnym Wieku

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2006

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tom 10

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nr 1

8

Quality of life and physical activity of kindergarden teachers

75%

Brodáni J. , Žišková I.

Physical Activity Review

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2015

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tom 3

11-21

EN

The contribution presents the relationship between the frequency of physical activity during the week and fields of life quality of kindergarden teachers in three mature parts. In the research took part kindergarden teachers from Slovakia (n = 211) who were divided into groups according to their ontogenesis. The life quality was observed with a modified questionnaire SQUALA and the physical activity level frequency during the week. The data is presented by descriptive characteristics (n, M, SD) and statistic importance of differences, let us say relationships which are measured by non-parametric methods (W, U, rs), by the importance level (p<0.05; p<0.10). The results showed the most numerous correlations between the physical activity during the week and fields of life quality of teachers in age group from 36-46 years (middle mature) who do the physical activity M: 3.250 during the week by SD: 2.761. In this group were proved positive correlations with the field of physical well-being (p<0.01), psychosocial well-being (p<0.01), material well-being (p<0.01), education (p<0.10), free time (p<0.05), appearance and property of things (p<0.01). Specially this age is characteristic by reaching the highest goals of physical and mental performance. In the groups of younger and older mature we do not find so many important relationships between the physical activity and some fields of life quality. In these groups we did not find any important correlations of physical activity with physical well-being where the group of young mature reached the same level of physical activity as the group of middle mature. The conclusions show the importance of physical activity in life of kindergarden teachers, they show some possibilities of influencing the life quality through the physical activities but also creating the optimal conditions possibilities to increase the life quality in social environment. The contribution is part of the Ministry of Education grant KEGA 014UKF-4/2013 Improving the quality and level of health of adolescents by means of physical activity in primary and secondary schools.

9

Students’ Conception of a Point and its Relation to a Straght Line : A Comparison of Phylogenesis and Ontogenesis

75%

Prokopová M.

Scientific Issues of Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa. Mathematics

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2003

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tom Vol. 9

179--185

EN

A point and a straight line are fundamental objects of Euclidean geometry which is taught at basic and secondary schools. Philosophers meditated on the nature of a point and a straight line long before Euclid (from the 6th century BC). But it was Euclid (about 325-265 BC) who delimited the concept of a point and a straight line (and others) in the First book of his Elements (Stocheia) by means of a definition. The phylogenesis of a point and its relation to a straight line is marked out by names such as Viéte, Kepler, Leibniz, Newton, Bolzano and Cantor. Students meet the concept of a point before they start to create their geometrical structures. Our analysis will try to show that there is a strong parallel between the ontogenetic and phylogenetic aspects of the conception of a point and its relation to a straight line, a ray and/or a segment.

10

A morphogenetic description of Thigmokeronopsis stoecki Shao et al., 2008 (Ciliophora, Hypotricha) and a comparison with members of the family Pseudokeronopsidae

75%

Chen X. , Li L. , Hu X. , Shao C. , Al-Farraj A. , Al-Rasheid A. S.

Acta Protozoologica

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2013

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tom 52

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nr 2

11

The cerebral and meningeal venous valves during human ontogenesis

75%

Kedzia A.

Folia Morphologica

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1987

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tom 46

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nr 3-4

12

Stability and plasticity of plant ontogenesis

75%

Kordyum E. L.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2007

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tom 29

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nr 1 Suppl.

13

Zmiany tempa rozwoju w ontogenezie człowieka i metody jego badania

75%

Siniarska A. , Wolański N.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

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2005

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tom 3

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nr 1

43-81

EN

The problem of acceleration of growing processes during childhood and adolescence has been considered for a long time. The observations on this subject date back to the 19th century, however the attempts to summarize this phenomenon were dated to the 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century Stratz, distinguishing the period of early and late childhood, had mentioned about three periods of deceleration and two periods of acceleration of growing processes. In 1930 also Boas identified the pubertal spurt. Ones of the first longitudinal studies had been organized in Krakow by Talko-Hryncewicz and continued in 1919-32. The results had been elaborated by Jasicki in 1934-48 and he revealed that there are two periods of acceleration of growing processes.In Poland this acceleration in growth had been called “the maximal height velocity.” The growth spurt at the end of childhood (around 7 years) has been pointed out by many authors in the 1930s, and in 1947 Tanner called it the mid-growth spurt. In 1961 Wolański pointed out that there are several growth spurts in childhood and called them pre (school) spurts. Consequently, in 1962 he had distinguished pubertal spurts for many somatic characteristics, and in 1964 – at least two pubertal spurts in height. Wolański had been analyzing the age at pubertal spurt followed by the age at menarche in rural and urban girls and concluded that these events are further apart if the pubertal spurt occurs later. The further analysis of these phenomena had been postponed because of the unfortunate statistical methods which presented data as mathematically smoothed growth curves and many details of individual growth patterns have been eliminated.Only two last decades the daily and monthly studies of growth processes have returned to favor, and the relationship between the rate and age at prepubertal and pubertal spurts has been studied again. In about 1980 the growth spurt at the turn of childhood and juvenile periods was again under study, but only during the last decade several growth spurts have been manifested. The number of prepubertal growth spurts has a very important impact on age and velocity of the pubertal spurt. If the number of prepubertal spurs is grater, the pubertal spurt occurs later and is less manifested. There are still many controversies according to the age of pubertal spurt and final body height. It may be similar to the relationship between menarche and final body height. It is observed that between populations there is a negative correlation between age at menarche and adult height, whereas between women within the population this correlation is positive (Wolański 1979).

14

Total antioxidant activity of amaranth leaves in оntogenesis

75%

Zelenkov V. N. , Lapin A. A. , Belonozhkina T. G. , Voropaeva N. L. , Shachnev N. V. , Karpachev V. V.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2018

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tom 69

EN

The authors carried out in the fieldwork with a new variety of amaranth «Lipetsky». In order to identify qualitative and quantitative laws of manifestation of the total antioxidant activity of amaranth the leaves were collected in different phases of plant vegetation, dehydrated in mild conditions of air-shadow drying and subsequently dried under harsh conditions 105º C to a constant mass of samples. Testing of plant samples was carried out using a coulometric method of titration (author's method) of free bromine radicals generated in the aquatic environment by plant titrant (water extract dried in the shade at a temperature of 22º±3º C of leaves). It was examined the combined samples of 10 samples of plant leaves of different tiers and of different ages with field plot of 10 ha. Biometric averages of plants during the growing season: growth, the weight of plants, number of leaves, the weight of leaves, stem and inflorescence of the plant are given. This shows the dynamics of total antioxidant activity of leaves of amaranth during the growing season. The thermal stability of the total antioxidant activity (TAA) for combined extracts of 10 samples of leaves of different ages and from different parts of plants when they are drying at 105º C was tested. The dynamics of change, TAA aqueous extracts of the dried amaranth samples with different stages of the growing season corresponds to the previously identified trends in the availability of high quantitative values in the phase of mass budding beginning of flowering and minima in the initial growth phases (3-8 leaves) and ripening of seed for different varieties of amaranth. There were revealed the increase in antioxidant activity upon drying amaranth samples at 105 °C, revealed a new type of qualitative dynamics of TAA, while vegetation with a characteristic quantitative changes by more than 50% for the beginning of the growth phase (the first phase of 3-8 leaves) and the final phase of seed maturation.

15

Ontogenesis of the Potamogeton flower and fruitlet in SEM research

75%

Toma C.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2002

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tom 71

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nr 2

16

Ontogenesis of the trophic chamber in apple blossom weevil Anthonomus pomorum L. [Coleoptera, Polyphaga]

75%

Swiatek P.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement

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2000

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tom 42

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nr 1

17

Developmental studies of protein kinases and their substrates in chicken brain

75%

Sanecka-Obacz M. , Szyszka R.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Biological Sciences

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1999

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tom 47

|

nr 1

18

Ontogeny of some catecholamines synthetising enzymes in some nuclei of female pigs hypothalamus

75%

Sienkiewicz W.

Folia Morphologica

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1998

|

tom 57

|

nr 1

19

Early development of the neocortex in human foetuses aged 9 weeks

75%

Wozniak W. , Rapalska K.

Folia Morphologica

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2004

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tom 63

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nr 4

EN

A study was made of human embryos at the end of 8 weeks and foetuses aged 9 weeks. It was shown that at the beginning of the foetal period the cortical plate, which is the primordium of the neocortex, covers the whole surface of the cerebral hemisphere. The plate consists of 8–12 rows of densely packed cells. Below the cortical plate is the subplate.

20

Selected technologies to control genes and their products for experimental and clinical purposess

75%

Alexander H. K. , Booy E. P. , Xiao W. , Ezzati P. , Baust H. , Los M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2007

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tom 55

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nr 3