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A note on the optimal scope of professional self-regulation

100%

Szczygielski K.

nr 54

Professions such as doctors and lawyers often enjoy some degree of self-regulation, i.e. they can set the codes of conduct in the market and even determine the rules for joining the profession. We address the problem of the optimal scope of self-regulation. Specifically, we model a profession that can decide about the quality of the service, and we examine if the profession should also be allowed to determine the number of suppliers. We assume that a larger number of professionals reduce the fixed cost of providing quality, and hence the motive to restrict entry is mitigated. Nonetheless, we find that for well-behaved fixed costs functions, the size of the profession preferred by the professionals is smaller than the socially optimal one. Still, if the only alternative to self-regulation is free entry to the profession, then self-regulation is the preferable regime. These findings are relevant for the services that are difficult to substitute by the services produced outside the profession.

Game theory analysis in Indonesia’s shipping industry: Case study agreement between PT. X and PT. Y

100%

Susanto H.

tom nr 113

7--16

Nowadays, the container shipping industry in Indonesia has a tendency to oligopoly, even in one shipping route. Two big shipping liners in Indonesia, PT. X and PT. Y, have been dominating sales on the Surabaya-Banjarmasin route. The aim of this study is to know how the liners behave in an oligopoly, making decisions that are profitable for both parties. The agreement on challenge, competition, and cooperation between PT. X and PT. Y in serving shipping services is the main focus in this study. The methodology used is a game theory approach to show the possible strategies in rates and supply competition. The result shows that the agreement between PT. X and PT. Y consisted of price decision and supply quantity. The price decision is rated at a lower price of USD 300/TEU where P = MC which has no incentive. While the agreement on supply quantity is 26.000 TEUs in total. Moreover, the cooperative agreement between the shipping liners is a joint allience which not depend on each capacity ratio.

The agent-based model of regulation of retail prices on the market of petroleum products

63%

Galchynsky L. , Svydenko A. , Veremenko I.

tom Vol. 3

135-146

This article provides model of the retail gasoline market as multi-agent systems. The main factors, which affecting on the retail price of gasoline were determined. The authors found that using the agent approach, which takes into consideration the coalitions in the market, in particular, tacit collusion, it is possible to describe the behaviour of players correctly. An description of agent behaviour models and algorithms specific agent were done.

Artykuł ten przedstawia model rynku detalicznego benzynowych systemów wieloczynnikowych. Określone zostały główne czynniki, które mają wpływ na cenę detaliczną benzyny. Autorzy stwierdzili, że stosując metodę czynników, która uwzględnia koalicje rynkowe, w szczególności zmowy milczenia, możliwe jest poprawnie opisanie zachowania graczy. Wykonane zostały, opis i modele zachowania określonych algorytmów.

Wpływ marketingu szeptanego na zachowania konsumentów na rynku oligopolistycznym

51%

Kowalska-Styczeń A.

tom z. 64

157--167

W artykule przedstawiono badanie zależności dynamiki mechanizmu „word of mouth” od różnego rozmiaru nieformalnych grup (otoczenie 4-elementowe i otoczenie 12- elementowe) oraz różnej wielkości sieci (społeczeństwa, w którym ma miejsce komunikacja word of mouth). Istotnym założeniem tego procesu jest uwzględnienie możliwości różnicowania źródeł informacji przez wprowadzenie do modelu ruchu agentów/konsumentów. Jest to modelowanie zachowań konsumentów rynku oligopolistycznego. Badany jest wpływ wielkości i ilości źródeł marketingu szeptanego na ryzyko zmiany preferencji konsumentów produktów dwóch konkurencyjnych firm. Do modelowania wykorzystano dwuwymiarowy automat komórkowy.

In this article, a study how the dynamic of word of mouth mechanism depends on different informal groups sizes (4 and 12 -element neighborhoods) and different lattice sizes (societies) is presented. A key assumption of this process is possibility to differentiate information sources by introducing agent/consumer movement to the model. It is modeling of customer behavior in oligopoly markets. The impact of size and number of sources of the word of mouth marketing to the risk of changes in consumer preferences products of two competing companies is being investigated. For modeling two-dimensional cellular automaton has been used.