Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Topological sensitivity analysis for elliptic problems on graphs

100%

Leugering G. , Sokolowski J.

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2008

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tom Vol. 37, no 4

971-997

EN

We consider elliptic problems on graphs under given loads and bilateral contact conditions. We ask the question: which graph is best suited to sustain the loads and the constraints. More precisely, given a cost function we may look at a multiple node of the graph with edge degree q and ask as to whether that node should be resolved into a number of nodes of edge degree less than q, in order to decrease the cost. With this question in mind, we are looking into the sensitivity analysis of a graph carrying a second order elliptic equation with respect to changing its topology by releasing nodes with high edge degree or including an edge. With the machinery at hand developed here, we are in the position to define the topological gradient of an elliptic problem on a graph.

2

Constraint task-space control of redundant manipulators

88%

Galicki M.

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2009

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tom Vol. 14, no 3

703-714

EN

This paper addresses the problem of position control of redundant manipulators operating in the constraint task space, i.e. including the obstacles. A computationally simple class of task space regulators consisting of a transpose Jacobian controller plus an integral term including the task error and plus the gradient of a penalty function generated by obstacles, is proposed. The Lyapunov stability theory is used to derive the control scheme. Through the use of the exterior penalty function approach, collision avoidance of the robot with obstacles, is ensured. The performance of the proposed control strategy is illustrated through computer simulations for a planar redundant manipulator of three revolute kinematic pairs operating both in a two-dimensional obstacle-free task space and a task space including obstacles.

3

ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД ВИКОРИСТАННЯ КОМП’ЮТЕРНИХВІДЕОІГОР У НАВЧАННІ СТАРШОКЛАСНИКІВ

63%

Лещенко П.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2017

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nr 8(72)

86-94

EN

The paper highlights the experience of using computer games in the educational process of high school students in the USA. During the last decade, the international educational space is characterized by an increasing interest in the using of computer games in various types and forms of learning, based on the experience acquired by the players. The most widely used video games are characterized by the game action which is performed through the control of visual images on a computer monitor. The approaches to the introduction of games into educational practices, based on scientific evidence of the positive influence of gaming activities, in particular video games, on students are the most topical. The works of Adam Eichenbaum, Daphne Bavelier, Shawn Green, Peter Gray, and others have shown long-lasting positive effects of video games on basic psychic processes: perception, attention, imagination, memory, decision making. Most studies have shown that engaging in video games requires students to think fast, keep track of many elements at once, store large amounts of information, and take decisions on game actions for a limited time. According to the psychologists, these skills are the main building blocks of intelligence and they play a decisive role in cognitive activity. Although the expediency of using games in learning is scientifically proven, at the same time there are complex moments associated with the introduction of computer games into the learning environment both in the study of individual disciplines and in the course of the implementation of alternative training focused on the dominant use of gaming activity, an important component of which is a computer game. The methods of scientific search included the use of content analysis of monographic, periodical pedagogical, psychological literature to find out the basic notions, concepts of the research; netnography for the analysis of sites, blogs, on which scientists, teachers, parents exchange experience of using computer games in education of high school students. The paper describes the positive influence of video games on the development of students’ cognitive, logical, linguistic, literary and social skills. Video games stimulate learning process and have all the components that provide effective learning (motivation, clear goals and rules, interpreted results and constant feedback). The use of games in training allows abandoning standard testing, as learning and evaluation are functionally combined in the game. The principles describing the positive influence of games on the development of students are formulated: improvement of basic visual processes; improvement of visual contrast sensitivity; successful treatment of amblyopia; improvement of attention and vigilance; improvement of the ability to track moving objects in sight; decrease of impulsivity; overcoming of dyslexia; improvement of executive functioning; increase of mental flexibility; improvement of skills related to the completing of cognitive tasks. The paper presents one possible solution to the introduction of games into the curriculum of general education institutions, which is to provide 100 percent of the learning time to gaming activity. In 2009, in New York, within the framework of cooperation between the Institute of Play and The New York City Education Center, with the support of the MacArthur Foundation, Quest to Learn-Q2L school for students of 6–12 grades was created, in which each subject is studied through a playing activity that involves computer games. The topical task for the domestic pedagogical theory and practice is the study of foreign experience in determining the conditions for the use of computer games in education of high school students as an important instrument of developing the skills of the ХХI century, in particular, cognitive, creative, communicative, and collaborative ones.

4

Małżeństwo muzułmanina z chrześcijanką. Perspektywa prawa islamu

63%

Mucha M.

Kościół i Prawo

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2014

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nr 3 (16) nr 2

83-104

EN

This Article presents the Islamic doctrine about marriage. Presenting it as flowing from the nature of Islamic law. The Author presents the objectives and effects of the union of a man and a woman, paying attention to the difficulties appearing in mixed marriages. The context for the presentation of norms for the marriages with Christians is the Catholic understanding of union of a man and woman. Filling the law, understood as submission to the will of God (Arabic word Islam means just submission/surrender) is to lead the human and the community to achieve temporal and eternal happiness. The doctrine of Islam strictly defines the duties of man, taking heed to his moral weakness. In marriage law, where possibility of easy dismissal wifes, or breach of contract contrasts with the austerity principles regarding religious upbringing of children, it is especially visible.

5

Research on influence of impact of microparticles and sewing needles on destruction of solid bodies

51%

Khristoforov B. D.

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tom Vol. 58, iss. 3/4

131-138

EN

Impact of powders and sewing needles accelerated by explosion on various obstacles has been studied. Formation of channels up to 100 particle diameters in length has been observed when corundum and tungsten powders impacts on steel and duralumin at speeds up to 2 km/s. A mechanism of such super deep penetration of powder jets into metals has been proposed. The possibility of destroying by needles such objects as plexiglass blocks, antimeteorite screens, containers with elastic and explosive materials with a released energy exceeding the energy of needles has been shown. At impact speeds up to 400 m/s the depth of needles penetration into metals is 3-5 times higher than the one calculated for pointed rods at plastic work. The obtained results can be useful for modeling of impact of meteorites, space scraps and technological wasteson space aircrafts and their components.

6

Device for road holes and obstacles detection

51%

Gelmuda W. , Kos A.

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2012

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tom Vol. 53, nr 1

19-21

EN

At the beginning of the 21st century the world still deals with some of people's disabilities. Although there are many prostheses and special devices, some problems of disabled people are still unsolved. There are millions of visually impaired people around the world. Almost every blind person has to cope with everyday life activities only with the aid of a white stick. To help the blind people navigate and avoid obstacles and holes, a device is to be designed as a part of the MOBIANŠ project, which is being earned out by the authors. The holes detection is one of a rather difficult kind of obstacles to be detected when a blind person is moving. This detection will employ an infrared ranging which is hard to debug in a real-time environment. That is why a simulator is highly required. The obstacles detection will employ an array of ultrasonic sensors to increase sensing area width.

PL

Na początku XXI wieku ludzkość nadal boryka się ze zjawiskiem niepełnosprawności. Chociaż istnieje wiele protez oraz wyspecjalizowanych urządzeń, niektóre problemy ludzi niepełnosprawnych ciągle pozostają nierozwiązane. Na świecie są miliony osób niewidomych i prawie każda z nich korzysta z pomocy prostej laski dla niewidomych jako podstawowej pomocy przy przemieszczaniu się. W celu poprawy bezpieczeństwa osób niewidomych podczas poruszania się autorzy konstruują specjalne urządzenie w ramach projektu MOBIANŠ. Jednymi z trudniejszych przeszkód do wykrycia podczas poruszania się osoby niewidomej są dziury i uskoki w nawierzchni. W tym celu użyty został dalmierz na podczerwień. Do wykrywania przeszkód zastosowano wiele czujników ultradźwiękowych dla powiększenia obszaru wykrywania. Artykuł przedstawia projekt urządzenia do wykrywania przeszkód oraz dziur i uskoków nawierzchni.