This work develops an inverse procedure which combines an improved niche genetic algorithm, finite element models and experimental data to identify material parameters of biological tissues behaving like hyperelastic materials. A novel objective function is proposed with two coefficients, which controls the contributions in a well-balanced fashion, respectively, for the small deformation stage and the large deformation stage. This allows us to obtain a global minimizer (of material constants) for the error between FEM solutions and experimental data. Moreover, simple uniaxial compression tests at two different angles (0◦ and 90◦) with respect to the muscle fiber orientation are performed on fresh muscle tissues. This enables us to obtain anisotropic properties of the muscle tissue from the present inverse procedure. The result shows that the proposed inverse procedure is stable and reliable to determine material constants in hyperelastic models for soft biological tissues like skeletal muscles considering anisotropy.
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