Artists creating their works in the mid-19 th century Warsaw had to cope with the challenges brought about by the modernizing reality which they happened to be living in. They were obliged to seek clients or those wishing to buy ready-made works. They adjusted to the needs and mechanisms of the market; they extended the field of their professional activity, faced the competition of other artists, as well as of new technologies. Under the changing circumstances they could no longer be merely ‘priests at the altar of art’, since they needed to transform into producers responsible for selling their products, adjusting their skills and expertise to the needs and financial capacities of their potential clients. They had to embrace modern economy with its rules and laws. And it was this economy that particularly determined the situation of ‘mediocre artists’, who after all predominated among the group.
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