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EN
Foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton from the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) transition in the Hyżne section (Outer Carpathians, south-eastern Poland) show a relatively complete biostratigraphic record. Despite the absence of the Pα Zone in turbiditic deposits of the Polish Carpathians, the planktonic foraminiferal zones of the Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene interval are well defined, including (1) the late Maastrichtian Abathomphalus mayaroensis Zone and its equivalents, (2) the earliest Danian Guembelitria cretacea second bloom Zone (P0 Zone), and (3) the top of the early Danian Parasubbotina cf. pseudobulloides (P1a) Zone. The foraminiferal events recorded in the studied section at the K-Pg transition are stratigraphically important. They include: (1) the interval with A. mayaroensis occurrence, (2) the interval with gradual disappearance of planktonic foraminifera from the most complex K-strategy forms, through the less specialized species to the large Heterohelicidae turnovers, and (3) the G. cretacea first and second blooms. Furthermore, the bloom of the opportunistic, benthic Bolivinita sp., the size reduction event, and the dissolution of the tests of the planktonic foraminifera are recorded. The K-Pg interval bioevents can be useful for better stratigraphic resolution of the flysch deposits of the Outer Carpathians. The nannoplankton event is represented by the appearance of Cruciplacolithus primus, which marks the onset of the return to more stable environmental conditions after the perturbations at the K-Pg boundary. The K-Pg boundary occurs within dark grey marly mudstones, above the upper boundary of the G. cretacea first bloom, and above the highest occurrence of the agglutinated foraminifera Goesella rugosa, at the top of the nannofossil CC 26 Zone, and below the deep-water agglutinated foraminifera (DWAF) dominance. The foraminiferal assemblages derive from different bathymetric zones corresponding to (1) the upper bathyal zone in the late Campanian (nannoplankton CC 22 Zone) and early late Maastrichtian (A. mayaroensis Zone), (2) the shelf margin in the latest late Maastrichtian (CC 26 nannoplankton Zone, G. cretacea first bloom), (3) the shelf margin in the earliest Danian (G. cretacea second bloom, Np1/2 Zone), and (4) the middle-lower bathyal depth, below a local foraminiferal lysocline and above CCD, in the latest early Danian (P. pseudobulloides Zone). As the foraminifera could have been redeposited by turbiditic currents, they do not necessarily show real bathymetric changes in the area of deposition. Such changes have not been observed in sedimentary features of the studied deposits. Foraminiferal and nannoplankton assemblages are typical of the “transitional zone” between the Tethyan and Boreal domains.
EN
Two ammonites Teschenites subflucticulus Reboulet and Criosarasinella mandovi Thieuloy have been found for the first time in the Flysch Carpathians. They occur in the so far poorly dated Early Cretaceous flysch deposits of the Silesian Nappe at Poznachowice Dolne, in the Upper Cieszyn Shale and the Hradiště (Grodziszcze) beds lithotypes, respectively. Teschenites subflucticulus points to Late Valanginian (Furcillata Zone), but nanno- plankton points to Late Hauterivian-Late Barremian and dinocysts to Late Hauterivian, all analyzed from the same sample. Criosarasinella mandovi points also to Late Valanginian (Furcillata Zone), what is not in contra-diction with the nannoplankton assemblage (Early Valanginian-Early Barremian) analyzed from the same bed, but dinocysts suggest Late Hauterivian. Preservation of the ammonites and sedimentary features of their host beds exclude redeposition. The difference in age by almost 3 Ma years between the ammonites and microfossils cannot be satisfactorily explained according to the current knowledge on their biostratigraphic meaning; it is left as it is as a dilemma.
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EN
Studies were carrying out in two shallow (mean depth ≈ 0.3 m) and small (area 2.7-8.2 ha) river lakes, which were flooded by water of River Bug (Eastern Poland) once a year (in spring). The species composition, biomass of phytoplankton and concentration of chlorophyll a were studied. Samples were taken in June (after flooding) and in August (after three months of isolation from river water). About 150 species of phytoplankton were determined. After the flood period phytoplankton biomass was dominated by nannoplankton belonging to Cryptophyceae and Chrysophyceae (strategy-r) and in the stabilization period by microplanktonic green and blue-green algae (strategy-K). The higher biomass and concentration of chlorophyll a values were noted in August than in June. The differentiation of phytoplankton was also stated between near-by stations in both lakes.
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EN
Deposits of the folded Miocene appear in the surrounding of Andrychów. In the profile of the sediments occurring here, clays with gravels and boulders, mainly flysch ones, clays with gravels of crystalline rocks, limestones andflysch deposits, dark clays with organic detritus and large flysch olistoliths as well as sandy clays and sands are distinguished. The youngest deposits, developed as gray clays, sandy clays with an irregular and thin sandy inter-lamination, have been identified in the Bulówka stream. Based on the presence ofC. coalithus and C. cf. calyculus the age of the studied deposits has been determined as the nannoplankton zone NN9a/8 that corresponds to the Lower Pannonian in a stratigraphic division for Central Paratethys.
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