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Sprawiedliwość w polskim dyskursie konstytucyjnym i jej konotacje społeczne

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Szczepankowska I. , Gorlewska E.

Studia Iuridica

2020

tom 83

234-249

The analysis of the use of the notion of justice in the Polish Constitution proves that in the course of historical development, the designated value was given various conceptual profiles. It was associated mostly with the law within the subjective (‘justified entitlement’) and objective scope (‘legitimacy’), with the judicial authorities (‘fair hearing’), and with the punishment (‘just decision’). Apart from juridical meaning, the notion of justice shall connote ‘equality’ or ‘equal treatment of all people’, including ‘equal justice under law’ or ‘objectivity of a judicial ruling’. Over time the justice gains social and political value which is reflected in the ideal of social justice meant as ‘the equality of all citizens and equal evaluation thereof’. The latter is highlighted in the Polish Constitution (of 1997) where justice is treated as the guiding moral and constitutional principle in the Republic of Poland. The significant profiles of names designating justice in the texts of the Constitution are confronted with the connotations appearing in the questionnaires filled up by the students of the universities in Białystok. In the eyes of young Poles, justice seems to be a human value which is important in their environment an shall be protected by the state.

Słownictwo aksjologiczne w Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej – wybór i klasyfikacja

100%

Gorlewska E.

Białostockie Archiwum Językowe

2016

tom 16

The article presents a selection and preliminary classification of axiological lexis included in the currently valid Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Typology of names is preceded by the characteristics of the analyzed source and the description of an axiological level of the document. Constitutional axiological terms have been divided into three types. Firstly, a division into positive and negative values has been introduced. It has been noticed that a manner of presentation of counter values in the Constitution indicates inequality of negative values in relation to positive values. Secondly, the names have been grouped into lexical fields and two field structures being a reflection of the constitutional dualism of the sources’ values have been formulated. Thirdly, a division of the terms including denotation of names has been made and the following has been distinguished: a source of values, basic and instrumental values as well as their carriers and symbols. A detailed indication of the names and types of values protected in the Constitution leads to the revelation of the set of values professed by the civil community. A typological study of the gathered lexical material evokes methodological difficulties but still creates a necessary basis of a more profound semantic analysis.