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3 Acta Theriologica

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Development of indices to estimate fat reserves in the wild American mink (Neovison vison)

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Mustonen A.-M. , Ahonpaa M. , Asikainen J. , Hyvarinen H. , Lamidi M.-L. , Nieminen P.

Acta Theriologica

2015

tom 60

nr 3

Amplification of DNA markers from scat samples of the least weasel Mustela nivalis nivalis

100%

Wang R. , Painter J. N. , Hanski I.

nr 4

To test the feasibility of using field-collected scats as a source of DNA in the study of the least weasel Mustela nivalis nivalis Linnaeus, 1766, DNA was extracted from scat samples collected from captive weasels using a modified extraction protocol. Using universal primers, the control region of the mitochondrial genome was successfully amplified from scat-extracted DNA. This amplification resulted in two products; one equivalent in size and sequence to the product obtained from tissue-extracted weasel DNA, and the other slightly larger and equivalent in size and sequence to the domestic house mouse Mus musculus, the food source of the captive weasels. This demonstrates the reliability of DNA extraction from scats, as well as the possibility, under favourable circumstances, of identifying the prey species from the same samples. In addition, we attempted to amplify microsatellite loci from both tissue and scat-extracted DNA using six primer pairs designed for other mustelids, the American mink Mustela vison and the wolverine Gulo gulo. While three loci, Mvi57 (American mink), Ggu216 and Ggu234 (wolverine), were found to be polymorphic in the least weasel, amplification of these loci from the scat extracted DNA was only successful for approximately half of the samples. Although further work is needed, the present results suggest that it is possible to use scats as a source of DNA in field studies of the least weasel.

Seasonal feeding habits of the Patagonian hog-nosed skunk Conepatus humboldtii in Southern Patagonia

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Zapata S. C. , Travaini A. , Martinez-Peck R.

nr 1

Diet of Patagonian hog-nosed skunk Conepatus humboldtii Gray, 1837 was studied in southeastern Argentinean Patagonia. Faeces from skunks were collected and analysed on a yearly basis. A wide variety of prey ranging from invertebrates (81.6% of occurrences), mammals, reptiles and plant material occurred in the faeces. Though Patagonian hog-nosed skunk was reported as primarily insectivorous regarding its feeding anatomy and behaviour, vertebrate prey predominated over invertebrates when results were expressed as consumed biomass. The consumption of invertebrate prey increased during summer, probably due to an increase in its abundance. The increase in the consumption of rodents and carrion by skunks during autumn-winter could be due to a shift from open grassy areas to other habitats to find alternative prey.