Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

LABOUR MARKET IN POLAND FOR WOMEN AND MEN 50+

100%

Gajda J. B. , Wiktorowicz J.

Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych

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2014

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tom 15

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nr 1

29-36

EN

Population ageing is one of the major challenges of modern Europe. In this context is worth to assessment the differences in the situation of women and men aged 50+ on the labour market. In the area of interest are primarily people aged 50-59/64, which are at this stage of life in which the situation on the labour market is particularly difficult. Paper was prepared mainly on the basis of the unpublished data developed within the project “Equalisation of Opportunities in the Labour Market for People Aged 50+”. The analysis was conducted with the application of basic descriptive statistics, as well as chi-squared test. Comparing income of women and men aged 50+, t-Student test and median test for independent samples, as well as one- and two-way analysis of variance were used.

2

Shame, embarrassment and guilt: Corpus evidence for the cross-cultural structure of social emotions

88%

Krawczak K.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2014

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tom 50

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nr 4

441-475

EN

This article is a cross-cultural and cross-linguistic comparison of three interrelated emotional categories of shame, embarrassment and guilt in two different cultural settings of individualistic societies, as represented here by Britain and America, and a collectivist society, such as Poland. The conceptual field of SHAME is operationalized through its three near-synonymous adjectival exponents, "ashamed"/"zawstydzony", "embarrassed"/"zażenowany", and "guilty"/"winny". Drawing on relevant research in social and cognitive psychology as well as linguistics, the present study applies advanced quantitative corpus-based methodology to reconstruct the cultural and conceptual profiles of the three emotions.

3

Applying grain-size and compositional data analysis for interpretation of the Quaternary oxbow lake sedimentation processes: eastern Great Hungarian Plain

88%

Eltijani A. , Molnár D. , Makó L. , Geiger J. , Sümegi P.

Studia Quaternaria

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2022

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tom Vol. 39, Nr 2

83--93

EN

Grain size distribution is one of the paleoenvironmental proxies that provide insight statistical distribution of size fractions within the sediments. Multivariate statistics have been used to investigate the depositional process from the grain size distribution. Still, the direct application of the standard multivariate methods is not straightforward and can yield misleading interpretations due to the compositional nature of the raw grain size data. This paper is a methodological framework for grain size data characterization through the centered log ratio transformation and euclidean data, coupled with principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and linear discriminant analysis to examine Quaternary sediments from Tovises bed in the southeast Great Hungarian Plain. These approaches provide statistically significant and sedimentologically interpretable results for both datasets. However, the details by which they supplemented the conceptual model were significantly different, and this discrepancy resulted in a different temporal model of the depositional history.

4

Assessment of Surface Water Quality in the Hau Giang Province Using GIS and Statistical Approaches

88%

Thuan N. C.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 9

265--276

EN

The study aimed to assess the surface water quality in the Hau Giang province in 2021 at 44 locations (with a frequency of 5 times per year) using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Cluster Analysis (CA) and GIS. Surface water quality was compared with the national technical regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT, column A1) and Water Quality Index (WQI). The results showed that the surface water quality parameters of total suspended solids, organic matters, nutrients, coliform, and Fe far exceeded the allowable limits, while the Cl-, color, and CN- parameters were within the allowable limits of QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT, column A1. The values of WQI showed that the water quality of the Hau Giang province ranged from poor to excellent. The water quality at the Vam Cai Dau and Hau River areas could only be exploited for water supply, but appropriate treatment is needed. CA divided the monitoring months into three distinct clusters and reduced the sampling sites from 44 to 33 locations, reducing 25% of monitoring cost per year. PCA revealed three main factors which could explain 69.0% of the variation in water quality. The water pollution sources were mainly industrial and agricultural discharges, domestic and urban activities, transportation activities, salinity, hydrological conditions and water runoff. The current findings provide useful information which support local environmental managers and water supply companies for safe and sustainable.

5

A corpus-driven quantitative approach to the construal of Polishthink

88%

Krawczak K. , Kokorniak I.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2012

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tom 48

439-472

EN

The present paper examines the construal of the verb myśleć ‘think’ in Polish from the perspective of Cognitive Grammar and Functional Linguistics. Cognitive corpus-driven and quantitative methodology (e.g., Glynn and Fischer 2010) is applied to reveal the formal and semantic correlations obtaining between a set of unprefixed and prefixed verb forms of myśleć ‘think’, instantiating and profiling various aspects of the category in question. The quantitative configurational method (Geeraerts et al. 1994) reveals the “behavioral profiles” (Gries 2006) of the verb, based on the “usage features” (Glynn 2009) associated with it. The notion of subjective and objective construal, as developed by Langacker (1990, 2006), is further elaborated on by more functional dimensions of perspective-taking, as put forward by Nuyts (2001), Verhagen (2008) and Traugott (1995, 2010).

6

Detection of potential areas of changing climatic conditions at a regional scale until 2100 for Saxony, Germany

75%

Kronenberg R. , Franke J. , Bernhofer C. , Körner P.

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

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2015

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tom Vol. 3, Iss. 2

17--26

EN

Two different approaches are applied for the investigation of possible changes within the climate regime – as an important component of vulnerability – on a regional scale for Saxony, Germany. Therefore data were applied from the output of the statistical climate models WETTREG2010 and WEREX-V for a projected period until 2100. In the first step, rain gauge-based precipitation regions with similar statistics have been classified. The results show that stable regions are mainly located in the Ore Mountains, while regions of higher uncertainty in terms of a climate signal exist particularly between the lowlands and mountains. In the second step, station-based data on precipitation, temperature and climatic water balance were interpolated by the regionalisation service RaKliDa. Model runs which lay closest to the observed data for the period 1968 to 2007 were identified. Therefore, regions of similar climates were classified and compared by means of a Taylor diagram. The derived patterns of the observed data are in good agreement with formerly defined climate regions. In the final step, anomalies of 10 yearlong averages from 2021 until 2090 were calculated and then spatially classified. The classification revealed four complex regions of changing climate conditions. The derived patterns show large differences in the spatial distribution of future precipitation and climatic water balance changes. In contrast, temperature anomalies are almost independent of these patterns and nearly equally distributed.

7

Urban Ecological Quality Assessment Based on Remote Sensing Data in African Context – A Case Study of Tangier City (Morocco, NW Africa)

75%

Tahiri M. , Bahi H. , Bouramtane T. , Malah A. , Sabri A. , Mohsine I. , Kacimi I.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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tom Vol. 24, iss. 9

204--217

EN

Climate change, combined with rapid urbanization, can face many challenges in achieving urban ecological sustainability, especially in developing countries. Due to the lack of valuable data, measuring the negative impact of this urban environmental damage, particularly in African cities, is however difficult to investigate. In this context, this research proposes an efficient index, including environmental, societal, and topographic indicators, extracted from remote sensing data, to evaluate the spatial ecological vulnerability of Tangier city in Morocco. This composite index, called the Urban Ecological Quality Index (UEQI), was developed for 2002, 2013, and 2023 in the spring season, using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a multivariate statistical technique. Furthermore, the spatial autocorrelation analysis of the UEQI was performed to study the correlation between the index values and its surroundings, using Global Moran’s I and Local Moran’s I test statistics. The results show that on the one hand, zones located in the center of the city kept poor ecological quality in the three studied years, where the lack of green spaces and the high population density are the main reasons for this bad state. On the other hand, climate variability, such as precipitation change, directly affects the ecological quality of Tangier city. In fact, from 2002 to 2013, due to Morocco’s increased precipitation during this decade, the UEQI improved in 36%, unchanged in 50%, and degraded in 14% of the study area. However, from 2013 to 2023, with more than 52% degraded UEQI, the ecological quality of the city was affected by drought periods, which have been more frequent and intense in this decade, especially in green areas and agricultural land.

8

The effect of scale-dependent habitat gradients on the structure of bird assemblages in the Czech Republic

75%

Reif J. , Storch D. , Simova I.

Acta Ornithologica

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2008

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tom 43

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nr 2

197-206

EN

Spatial patterns in bird community structure are closely related to changes in habitat composition at small spatial scales, but the explanatory power of habitat declines towards larger scales, where dispersal limitations and historical factors becoming more important. To disentangle these effects, we performed a large-scale bird census using a small-scale field approach in the Czech Republic. Using canonical correspondence analysis, we found that the strongest scale-independent gradient in bird community composition goes from higher-altitude forest assemblages to lower-altitude farmland and human settlement assemblages. The other gradients were also scale-dependent, probably due to the different distributional patterns of particular habitats at the respective scales. Closer examination of bird occurrence in particular habitats revealed that water bodies host the most distinct bird assemblage compared to the assemblages of other habitats. Interestingly, although the census tracked the most important east-west biogeographical gradient within the Czech bird fauna, we did not find longitude to be a significant predictor of changes in bird community structure along the transect at any resolution. We suggest that the biogeographical gradient is actually related to the habitat-based distinction between the coniferous-forested higher-altitude West and the deciduous-forested lower-altitude agricultural East. Fine-scale bird-habitat associations are thus responsible for the patterns of community structure at all spatial scales.

PL

Czynniki biogeograficzne wpływające na strukturę zespołów ptaków silnie zależą od skali, w jakiej są one rozpatrywane. W mikroskali do najważniejszych należy układ i udział środowisk, w skali makro zmienne środowiskowe wydają się tracić na znaczeniu, gdyż ważniejsze stają się ograniczenia w dyspersji oraz czynniki historyczne. Z drugiej strony taka interpretacja może być związana ze sposobem prowadzenia badań i opisywaniem środowisk. Celem badań było określenie czynników wpływających na zespoły ptaków, przy analizach prowadzonych w różnej skali przestrzennej. Opis zespołów ptaków prowadzono w latach 2004-2005 przy użyciu metody punktowej. Wyznaczono 768 punktów położonych wzdłuż transektu (400 km) przebiegającego przez całe południowe Czechy (Fig. 1). Punkty były oddalone od siebie o 500 m. Aby zminimalizować efekt obserwatora, liczenia — 5 w ciągu sezonu, trwające 5 minut, dokonywane były tylko przez dwie osoby. Ptaki zapisywano w promieniu do 150 m od wyznaczonego punktu. W analizach brano pod uwagę maksymalną liczbę osobników danego gatunku z 5 wizyt, a biorąc pod uwagę zachowanie ptaków przeliczano je na liczbę par lęgowych/punkt. W wyznaczonym promieniu 150 m opisano udział wyróżnionych 14 środowisk (pola, łąki, zakrzaczenia, winnice, miasta, wsie, górskie lasy liściaste, mieszane i iglaste, nizinne lasy liściaste, zręby i polany, tereny podmokłe, wody oraz odsłonięty grunt). Prócz tego każdy punkt został scharakteryzowany przez szerokość i długość geograficzną, wysokość n. p. m., oraz średnią temperaturę i opady. Zmienne te analizowano w dwóch skalach przestrzennych — 0.5 (dane z każdego punktu analizowanego pojedyńczo) i 8 km (uśrednione dane z 16 punktów). Do analiz zastosowano kanoniczną analizę zgodności (CCA), oraz analizę składowych głównych. Aby wyselekcjonować zmienne, które najbardziej wpływają na zespoły ptaków do modelu wprowadzano zmienne w kolejności, w jakiej pojawiały się istotne w analizach CCA — najpierw opady, wysokość nad poziomem morza, udział pól, następnie temperatura, potem pozostałe zmienne środowiskowe, zaś na koniec szerokość geograficzna. Następnie przeprowadzono ponowne analizy włączając zmienne w odwrotnej kolejności, aby uniknąć ewentualnego wzajemnego skorelowania zmiennych. Stwierdzono, że dla analiz w skali 0.5 km wszystkie cztery osie wyjaśniały 24.8% zmienności, zaś w skali 8 km wszystkie osie wyjaśniały 50.4% zmienności struktury zespołów ptaków. (Fig. 2). W analizach tych wyróżniały się zespoły ptaków leśnych, oraz terenów otwartych (pól, łąk), oraz terenów podmokłych i związanych z wodami. Analizy składowych głównych wyraźnie wskazywały, że zespoły ptaków środowisk wodnych i podmokłych najbardziej różniły się od zespołów innych środowisk (Fig. 3). Średnia temperatura oraz szerokość geograficzna nie różnicowały badanych zespołów ptaków dla obu skal przestrzennych (Tab. 1). Wydaje się więc, że czynniki środowiskowe (np. roślinność) znacznie lepiej opisują zmienność struktury zespołów ptaków niż czynniki klimatyczne czy geograficzne.

9

Application of chemometric methods in analysis of environmental data

75%

Chevallier A. , Jakubowska M.

Analit

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2018

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tom Nr 6

84--53

10

A new quantitative approach to measure perceived work-related stress in Italian employees

75%

Cevenini G. , Fratini I. , Gambassi R.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2012

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tom 25

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nr 4

426-445

EN

Objective We propose a method for a reliable quantitative measure of subjectively perceived occupational stress applicable in any company to enhance occupational safety and psychosocial health, to enable precise prevention policies and intervention and to improve work quality and efficiency. Materials and Methods A suitable questionnaire was telephonically administered to a stratified sample of the whole Italian population of employees. Combined multivariate statistical methods, including principal component, cluster and discriminant analyses, were used to identify risk factors and to design a causal model for understanding work-related stress. Results The model explained the causal links of stress through employee perception of imbalance between job demands and resources for responding appropriately, by supplying a reliable U-shaped nonlinear stress index, expressed in terms of values of human systolic arterial pressure. Low, intermediate and high values indicated demotivation (or inefficiency), well-being and distress, respectively. Costs for stress-dependent productivity shortcomings were estimated to about 3.7% of national income from employment. Conclusions The method identified useful structured information able to supply a simple and precise interpretation of employees’ well-being and stress risk. Results could be compared with estimated national benchmarks to enable targeted intervention strategies to protect the health and safety of workers, and to reduce unproductive costs for firms.

11

Evaluation of water treatment plants quality in Basrah Province, by factor and cluster analysis

75%

Al Saad Z. A. A. , Hamdan A. N. A.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2020

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tom no. 46

10--19

EN

The Shatt Al Arab River (SAAR) is a major source of raw water for most water treatment plants (WTP’s) located along with it in Basrah province. This study aims to determine the effects of different variables on water quality of the SAAR, using multivariate statistical analysis. Seventeen variables were measured in nine WTP’s during 2017, these sites are Al Hussain (1), Awaissan (2), Al Abass (3), Al Garma (4), Mhaigran (5), Al Asmaee (6), Al Jubaila (7), Al Baradia (8), Al Lebani (9). The dataset is treated using principal component analysis (PCA) / factor analysis (FA), cluster analysis (CA) to the most important factors affecting water quality, sources of contamination and the suitability of water for drinking and irrigation. Three factors are responsible for the data structure representing 88.86% of the total variance in the dataset. CA shows three different groups of similarity between the sampling stations, in which station 5 (Mhaigran) is more contaminated than others, while station 3 (Al Abass) and 6 (Al Asmaee) are less contaminated. Electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) are plotted on Richard diagram. It is shown that the samples of water of Mhaigran are located in the class of C4-S3 of very high salinity and sodium, water samples of Al Abass station, are located in the class of C3-S1 of high salinity and low sodium, and others are located in the class of C4-S2 of high salinity and medium sodium. Generally, the results of most water quality parameters reveal that SAAR is not within the permissible levels of drinking and irrigation.

12

Evaluation of water treatment plants quality in Basrah Province, by factor and cluster analysis

75%

Al Saad Z. A. A. , Hamdan A. N. A. , Al Saad Z. A. A. , Hamdan A. N. A.

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13

Bioinformatic insight into Portulaca oleracea L. (Purslane) of Bulgarian and Greek origin

75%

Balabanova V. , Hristov I. , Zheleva-Dimitrova D. , Sugareva P. , Lozanov V. , Gevrenova R. , Balabanova V. , Hristov I. , Zheleva-Dimitrova D. , Sugareva P. , Lozanov V. , Gevrenova R.

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14

Morphological and karyological relationships within alpine-dinaric populations of the genus Iris L., Pallidae series [A.Kern.] Trinajstic [Iridaceae]

75%

Mitic B. , Nikolic T. , Liber Z.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2001

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tom 70

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nr 3

15

Bioinformatic insight into Portulaca oleracea L. (Purslane) of Bulgarian and Greek origin

63%

Balabanova V. , Hristov I. , Zheleva-Dimitrova D. , Sugareva P. , Lozanov V. , Gevrenova R.

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nr 1

16

Anthropogenic and Climatic Causality of Changes in the Hydrological Regime of the Dnieper River

63%

Pichura V. I. , Potravka L. A. , Skrypchuk P. M. , Stratichuk N. V.

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2020

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tom Vol. 21, nr 4

1--10

EN

The intensive use of water resources and the transformation of natural landscapes under the influence of human economic activity have led to changes in the natural water balance of river drainage basins. The negative processes thereof are intensified by climatic changes that have significantly disturbed the hydrological regime, determined by changes in water content and river flow dynamics. The retrospective study and prediction of the flow of the Dnieper River was carried out using multivariate statistics and adaptive methods of nonlinear time series analysis. The anomalous features were identified and the main periods of changes in the water regime of the river for 190 years (1818–2008) were determined using the standard root-mean-square deviation and wavelet analysis. As a result of non-linear prediction, it was determined that if the tendency of anthropogenic and climatic formation of the water regime of the Dnieper River sustains, there is a 90% probability of insignificant but steady trend and cyclical reduction of the average annual flow by 1.6 m3/s per year to 1120 ± 270 m3/s by 2040. The results of the detailed retrospective analysis for 190 years and the prediction of the probability of changes in the flow of the Dnieper river confirm the previous conclusions of many scientists regarding the significant transformation of the ecosystem of the transboundary river and provide new knowledge regarding the main stages of formation of the water regime and the probability of further regulation of the flow of the Dnieper river if the current conditions of the negative impact of economic activities are maintained in the transboundary basin.

17

Classification methods for high-dimensional genetic data

63%

Kalina J.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2014

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tom Vol. 34, no. 1

10--18

EN

Standard methods of multivariate statistics fail in the analysis of high-dimensional data. This paper gives an overview of recent classification methods proposed for the analysis of high-dimensional data, especially in the context of molecular genetics. We discuss methods of both biostatistics and data mining based on various background, explain their principles, and compare their advantages and limitations. We also include dimension reduction methods tailor-made for classification analysis and also such classification methods which reduce the dimension of the computation intrinsically. A common feature of numerous classification methods is the shrinkage estimation principle, which has obtained a recent intensive attention in high-dimensional applications.

18

Assessment of water physico-chemical characteristics and statistical evaluation of Narmada Estuarine Region, Gujarat, India

63%

Nirmal Kumar I. J. , Basil G. , Nirmal Kumar R. , Sajish P. R. , Shailendra V.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2012

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nr 16

19

Lake water quality assessment by multivariate statystical analysis

63%

Simeonov V. , Zachariadis G. , Voutsa D. , Stratis J. , Anthemidis A. , Samara C. , Tsakovski S. , Kouimtzis T. , Simenova P. , Andreev G.

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2004

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tom Vol. 11, nr 6

471--488

EN

The present study deals with the multivariate statistical assessment of the water quality of several lakes located in Northern Greece. A two-year monitoring of different chemical and physicochemical parameters of the lake water was performed for the lakes Koronia, Volvi, Doirani, Megali Prespa and Mikri Prespa. The application of cluster and principal components analysis as well as apportioning modelling on absolute principal components scores has shown that if the whole data set is proceeded six latent factors prove to be responsible for the data structure and they form a specific pattern or the region where the lakes are located: the lake water quality is affected by natural, sediment, waste inlets (domestic and industrial), oxidation and toxic factors. Further, specific patterns of similar type were constructed for each lake with respect to the sampling period and to the relationships between the chemical and physicochemical parameters. Again, latent factors responsible for the data structure of each lake are identified. Finally, the contribution of each identified source to the chemical concentration was determined both for the whole dataset and for each lake in consideration.

PL

Przy użyciu statystyki wielu zmiennych oceniono jakość wody kilku jezior w północnej Grecji. W ciągu dwu lat monitorowano parametry chemiczne i fizykochemiczne wody z jezior: Koronia, Volvi, Doirani, Megali Prespa i Mikri Prespa. Stosowano zarówno analizę klasterową (grupową) oraz składowych głównych, jak również modelowanie z wykorzystaniem wartości absolutnych składowych (komponentów) głównych. Wyniki tych analiz dla całego zbioru danych pokazują, że ich struktura jest określona przez sześć czynników ukrytych, które tworzą obraz specyficzny dla danej lokalizacji jezior. Jakość wody jeziornej określają: czynniki naturalne, osady denne, zrzuty odpadów (komunalnych i przemysłowych) oraz substancje utleniające i toksyczne. Dla każdego jeziora skonstruowano charakterystyczne specyfikacje (podobnego typu), biorąc pod uwagę okres próbkowania oraz zależności między parametrami chemicznymi i fizykochemicznymi. Określono czynniki ukryte odpowiedzialne za strukturę danych opisujących każde jezioro. Określono wpływ każdego ze źródeł na skład chemiczny zarówno dla wszystkich danych, jak i oddzielnie dla każdego rozpatrywanego jeziora.

20

Environmetric Study of the Water Quality of the Struma River Basin, Bulgaria. Part II. Multivariate Statistical Modeling of the Water Quality Parameters

63%

Nikolov N. , Mihailov G. , Simeonov V. , Mirinchev G.

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2002

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tom Vol. 9, nr 12

1531-1539

EN

The present paper is the last part of a study concerning the water quality of Struma river and its tributaries in Bulgarian territory. Monitoring data for a long period of observation were treated by the use of various multivariate statistical approaches (cluster analysis, principal components analysis, apportioning modelling) in order to collect new type of information about the data set. It has been found that the sampling sites form four types of similarity groups according to their location along the river stream - urban, rural, inlet and background. It makes possible to organize in a better way the monitoring procedure. Further, four latent factors were found responsible for the data structure - anthropogenic, water hardness, biological and acidic. These factors explain over 75% of the total variance of the system. Finally, an apportioning procedure was carried out to indicate to what extent each source (latent factor) contributes to the formation of the chemical variables responsible for the water quality.

PL

Praca ta stanowi ostatnią część badań dotyczących jakości wody rzeki Struma i jej dopływów na terytorium Bułgarii. Gromadzone przez długi czas dane monitoringowe zostały poddane statystycznej analizie za pomocą wariancji wielokrotnej (analizy klasterów, analizy głównych komponentów, rozdzielnego modelowania) w celu zebrania nowych informacji o zgromadzonych wynikach. Stwierdzono, że miejsca pobrania próbek można podzielić na cztery, charakteryzujące się podobieństwem, grupy oraz ze względu na ich lokalizację wzdłuż biegu rzeki, a mianowicie: miejską rolniczą, w pobliżu ujść i tło. Podział ten umożliwia lepsze zorganizowanie procedury monitoringowej. Stwierdzono, że za strukturę badanych danych były odpowiedzialne cztery ukryte czynniki: antropogeniczny, twardość wody, biologiczny i kwasowość. Czynniki te wyjaśniają ponad 75% całkowitej wariancji badanego systemu. Procedura rozdzielnego modelowania pokazała, w jakim stopniu każde ze źródeł (ukryte czynniki) miało wkład w powstałe zmiany chemiczne odpowiedzialne za jakość wody.