The article contains a description of the rules of the creation and development of a free electronic textbook for primary school in Poland. There is also a presentation of the results of a study on the comprehensibility of a textbook available on the www.epodreczniki.pl platform. The main goal of this work is to indicate if the text proposed to the students is clear and comprehensible for them; the range of readability is prepared with the use of the analyses made with the use of the Jasnopis and Logios programs. The source for the research was found in the data from studying randomly selected text fragments from the history textbook for the sixth grade, available online and processed in the selected computer programs, created for the reason of measuring the comprehensibility of the text in Polish. As a result of the research it was established that the readability of the texts included in the e-textbook Historia i społeczeństwo. Wspóln@ historia. Klasa 6 podstawowa (History and society. Common history. Sixth grade primary school) can be too difficult for the recipients aged 11–12, after five years of education in primary school. However, it was also established that there are no guidelines to construct an electronic textbook text complemented with various multimedia content, often replacing the very text in the book.
The aim of this article is to identify the benefits of multimedia education and its application in the process of motor learning and teaching. This descriptive study is based on the review of the literature and other authors’ research results. The use of multimedia tools in psychomotor education can facilitate the visualisation of motor activities and the creation of a motor program. The use of multimedia education in the teaching of downhill skiing can help students achieve good results.
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The article describes the research in chemical education carried out in Poland and its significance for improvement of chemical education on each level, as well as for the general development of learners and their future career choices. The research was carried out in cooperation with world scientific centers through, participation of polish researchers in international conferences, organization of cyclic international meetings, carrying out many years' standing common research, and taking part by the university and PhD students in European exchange programs. Particular attention has been paid to the importance of information technology development, including for instance e-teaching. It has been proven that research in chemical education contributes to elaboration of theoretical assumptions concerning teaching processes. The results are now aimed at their application in chemistry teaching and learning efficacy improvement.
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In order to teach effectively and efficiently, one has to combine various elements of depiction and visualization, as well as to create emotional, imaginative and sensational linkages in the learner's mind. Visualization allows to get through to one's real, inner, and subjective emotions, sensations and images. It is sometimes said that our eyes are an interface between our brain and the outside world. A good example of putting this assumption into practice can be found in the educational packages backing up chemistry curricula at different educational levels. The multimedia software designed or code signed by the author of the article comprises either succinct printed textbooks with integral CDs, or multimedia textbooks available both on CDs and on the Internet. Each of the CD multimedia lessons contains animations and simulations of chemical processes and phenomena, dynamic and three-dimensional element and compound models, tests and problem solving tasks, as well as film sequences illus-trating chemical experiments. Not only do those films allow the user to watch respective fragments of a given experiment in close-up so as to analyze interrelationships between them, but they can also be played repeatedly, thus making the user memorize the sequence of laboratory activities or the course of industrial processes. Such presentations of experiments can help teachers and students who are, for some reasons, unable to carry them out on their own. They are also an inspiration for those willing to carry out new experiments and, above all, an aid to those looking for didactic means to explain complex questions. What is important is that all experiments presented on the CDs are only those that can be always carried out safely, successfully and economically. Their visualizations create images of the course of chemical experiments in the learner's mind, which, though no substitute for their actual replication, can still be a valuable source of knowledge. The article additionally presents the interactive board as means of creating and saving interactive educational images, a tool of interactive evaluation of knowledge and skills, a field for playing educational games, a device helping the teacher organize his work, a medium of remote teaching, and a his inspiration for carrying out and interpreting experiments.
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