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2 Acta Theriologica

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Integrating field sports, hare population management and conservation

100%

Reid N. , Magee C. , Montgomery W. I.

Acta Theriologica

2010

tom 55

nr 1

61-71

Conflicts between field sports, animal welfare and species conservation are frequently contentious. In Ireland, the Irish Coursing Club (ICC) competitively tests the speed and agility of two greyhounds by using a live hare as a lure. Each coursing club is associated with a number of discrete localities, known as preserves, which are managed favourably for hares including predator control, prohibition of other forms of hunting such as shooting and poaching and the maintenance and enhancement of suitable hare habitat. We indirectly tested the efficacy of such management by comparing hare abundance within preserves to that in the wider countryside. In real terms, mean hare density was 18 times higher, and after controlling for variance in habitat remained 3 times higher, within ICC preserves than the wider countryside. Whilst we cannot rule out the role of habitat, our results suggest that hare numbers are maintained at high levels in ICC preserves either because clubs select areas of high hare density and subsequently have a negligible effect on numbers or that active population management positively increases hare abundance. The Irish hare Lepus timidus hibernicus Bell, 1837 is one of the highest priority species for conservation action in Ireland and without concessions for its role in conservation, any change in the legal status of hare coursing under animal welfare grounds, may necessitate an increase in Government subsidies for conservation on private land together with a strengthened capacity for legislation enforcement.

Habitat use of the mountain hare Lepus timidus in summer: the importance of different vegetation layers

100%

Hiltunen M. , Kauhala K. , Linden H.

nr 4

The aim of the present study was to examine how the vegetation structure of the forest, shrub and field and ground layer affect the habitat use of mountain haresLepus timidus Linnaeus, 1759 in summer (May–September) in southern Finland. The structure of each vegetation layer in woodlots throughout the entire study area of 20 km2 was measured. We analysed the vegetation data using principal component analyses (PCA) that arranged the woodlots along a gradient within each vegetation layer. Data on habitat use was gathered between 1998 and 2000 from 11 radio-collared mountain hares. The core areas of the home ranges of hares were determined and the vegetation structure of these areas was compared with the mean of the entire study area (core area, periphery area and control area). A similar shrub layer gradient was identified by PCA for seven out of the 11 hares. Hares preferred thickets of willowSalix spp., downy birchBetula pubescens, and sprucePicea abies. The hares did not show a consistent preference for the forest and ground levels. The results suggest that dense understories are important in the mountain hare’s habitat use, probably because they offer both food and shelter.