Euclides da Cunha embraced the role of posthumous champion of the backlanders slaughtered by the Brazilian army during the Canudos War. He claimed to have written an “avenging book”. Coming of age at the turn of the century, his work would bear witness to a Modernity that was both historical and aesthetic.
Carlos Fradique Mendes is a fictional character whose journey very much follows that of Eça de Queirós’ during various moments of his career between 1869 and 1900. The Correspondence of Fradique Mendes is the result of this mirroring. Although it has not been published as a book by the author, it nonetheless offers a way of understanding the world that dominated the late nineteenth century. The article seeks to demonstrate how Eça used Fradique to lay out his expectations for the century that was about to begin.
Considering the necessary dialogue between Modernity and tradition, this text aims to reflect on new possible approaches to the concepts of centrality and periphery within the present context of socio-economic and political globalization, thus antecipating the birth of a new multicultural Modernity.
The article focuses on the critique of Modernity elaborated by three continental philosophers, Adorno, Foucault and Agamben. By locating a certain critical attitude towards the episteme of Modernity, present in all three of these thinkers, the author explores the ideas and the discursive steps that connect Adorno’s notion of Modernity to that of Foucault, and Foucault’s ideas to the political theory of Giorgio Agamben. What crystallises from this discursive chain connecting the oeuvres of the three thinkers, is a certain ideology of Modernity which could be called the “ideology of separation”.
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