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EN
The article deals with the comparative analysis of two plays, The Winners’ Feast by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Maria’s Field by Oleg Bogayev which, being united by the war theme, belong to different generations. More or less explicit implications present in both plays make it possible to view the Russian history as a form of national mythology.
EN
In the article I compare the concept of the human “I” of Helmuth Plessner that underlies his philosophical anthropology with the theory of “mirror stage” by Jacques Lacan. Both they have been inspired by the experiment of Wolfgang Köhler in which a child and chimpanzee reacted differently to their image in a mirror. Plessner and Lacan drew different conclusions from this experiment. Plessner maintained that the child who recognizes its image in the mirror as its own takes into account the possibility of its replacement by other “I” on the level of its social roles and functions. Yet, at the same time it knows very well that nobody will be able to replace its own individual “I.” While Lacan says that the ideal image of “I” has the status of the defence-symptom representing an alternative to the feeling of dismembered body that the child experiences in the early phase of its life. This image of “I” is not given forever but is always endangered by the possibility of destruction and regress on its early stage of the dismembered body. The telling testimony of this is the passage au acte by psychotics in which the ouburst of aggression is accompanied by the destruction of “I.” Or the cases in which the I assumes the pathologically exaggerated shape. This possibility of destruction of I that is inherently rooted in its structure has been misrecognized by Plessner.
3
Content available remote Mirror Images and Schemes for the Maximal Complexity of Nondeterminism
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EN
We present schemes of deterministic finite automata such that, for every nontrivial automaton A resulting from the scheme with n states, the state complexity of the mirror image of the language L(A) equals 2n. The construction leads to cases, where the increase in complexity is maximal in the transition from nondeterministic devices to deterministic ones. We also discuss the crucial importance of the size of the alphabet and present some open problems.
PL
Na najnowszych cyfrowych obrazach z kosmosu Agencji NASA/ESA z lipca 2022 roku, (ESA/Hubble&NASA, J.Rigby), zidentyfikowano nadzwyczaj wyraźne zjawisko Dolnej Fata Morgany występujące w głębokim wszechświecie. W wyniku interpretacji fizycznej i geometrycznej zobrazowania o wysokiej rozdzielczości autor udowodnia, że efekty optyczne miraży i odbić lustrzanych ciał niebieskich z przed kilku miliardów lat są spowodowane astrofizycznym zjawiskiem odchylania grawitacyjnego światła w czasoprzestrzeni gwiazd, galaktyk lub gromady galaktyk. Optyczne miraże kosmiczne jako efekt grawitacyjny, przewidywała ogólna teoria względności Einsteina, oparta na matematycznych teoriach fizyki. Opisano geometryczno-fizyczne podstawy przebiegu trajektorii drogi światła w silnym polu grawitacyjnym masywnego ciała niebieskiego oraz zjawisko odbicia lustrzanego dalekiej galaktyki.
EN
In the latest NASA/ESA digital space images from July 2022, (ESA/Hubble&NASA, J,Rigby), extremely distinct phenomenon of Lower Fata Morgana occurring in the deep universe has been identified. As a result of physical and geometrical interpretation, high-resolution imaging, the author has proven that the optical effects of mirages and mirror reflections of celestial bodies from several billion light years ago are caused by the astrophysical phenomenon of gravitational light deflection in the space-time of stars, galaxies and galaxy clusters. Optical cosmic mirages as a gravitational effect were predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity based on the mathematical theories of physics. The geometrical and physical basis of the course of the trajectory of the light path in the strong gravitational field of a massive celestial body and the phenomenon of mirror reflection of a distant galaxy are described.
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