Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Utilizing the Eutrophication in Bioresources Recovery and Biogas Production – A Case Study in Egypt

100%

Khalil M. M. , Ficara E. , Colaninno N. , EL-Baz A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 12

299--313

EN

In this work, the nutrients and eutrophication problem are integrated into a nature-based solution by incorporating microalgae-based nutrient removal from wastewater and collecting the residue in an anaerobic digestion plant to produce biogas that is directly exported to an existing gas-fired power plant and closes the bioresource loop. El Burullus lake in Egypt was selected as a case study because it is rich in nutrients and suitable for the integrated system. The theoretical results were promising as for one-hectare, nutrient pollution could be reduced with a total nitrogen removal rate of 4 kg•d-1, a total phosphorus removal rate of 1.1 kg•d-1, and a total COD removal rate of 9.3 kg•d-1. The digester volume corresponding to the biomass produced was 120 m3 per hectare of algae pond and the methane yield () from anaerobic digestion was 73 m3•d-1.

2

Microalgae-based Carbon Capture Technology

100%

Zabochnicka-Świątek M.

Archivum Combustionis

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2012

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tom Vol. 32 nr 1-2

3--16

3

Prospects of geothermal water Use in cultivation of Spirulina

88%

Godlewska K. , Tomaszewska B. , Michalak I. , Bujakowski W. , Chojnacka K.

Open Chemistry

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2015

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tom 13

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nr 1

EN

Spirulina has been studied due to its commercial importance as a source of essential amino acids, protein, vitamins, fatty acids etc. Most of the culture systems in use today are open ponds. The new approach proposed in this paper is to use the geothermal water as a medium for microalgae cultivation. Poland has beneficial conditions for wide geothermal use, as one of the environmentally friendly and sustainable renewable energy sources. In the planned research, geothermal water could be used to prepare microalgal culture medium, to heat greenhouses with bioreactors used for the growth of Spirulina, to dry the obtained biomass, as well as to heat the ground in foil tunnels. Using geothermal water gives the possibility to produce algae in open ponds covered with greenhouses and to cultivate plants during winter. The obtained algae can be used for the production of algal bio-products (e.g. homogenates), having the potential application in plant cultivation.

4

Comparison of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of microalgae species belonged to various taxonomic groups

88%

Kisielewska M. , Dębowski M. , Zieliński M.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2020

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tom Vol. 46, no. 1

33--40

EN

This study investigated the potential of three microalgae taxonomic groups of Chlorophyta, Cyanoprokaryota and Bacillariophyceae for biogas production. Biogas potential was assessed in mesophilic anaerobic digestion batch tests over a period of 20 days. The cumulative biogas yield (CBY) of Chlorophyta and Cyanoprocaryota was respectively 396.21 mL/g Volatile Solids (VS) and 382.45 mL/g VS. Bacillariophyceae digestion showed lower biogas production of 357.07 mL/g VS. The highest cumulative methane yield (CMY) of 241.25 mL CH4/g VS was recorded for Cyanoprocaryota biomass, which was signifi cantly higher (p<0.05) than the other two types of microalgae. The highest methane content in biogas of 63.08% was observed with Cyanoprokaryota. Chemical composition of biomass as well as biogas productivity are infl uenced by algal taxonomy.

5

Reduction of Microalgae by Copper Ion in Impressed Current Anti Fouling System for Biofouling Prevention in Saline Environment

88%

Pratikno H. , Titah H. S. , Handayanu

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2020

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tom Vol. 21, nr 2

80--87

EN

The biofouling causes corrosion in marine environment, also known as the biological corrosion. The biological corrosion occurs in the metal material on coastal buildings, offshore buildings, port buildings and shipboard. One method to prevent the biological corrosion is ICAF (Impressed Current Anti-Fouling). The study on the microalgae that cause biofouling was conducted in laboratory scale using a simple ICAF system. The variables were the operating time of the simple ICAF system, the strength of the electric current and the species of microalgae. The determination of cell number of microalgae was conducted using a Neubauer improved Hemocytomete method, while determination of the concentration of Cu ion was conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The aim of the research was to determine of microalgae, Isochrysis galbana and Botryococcus sp, population reduction using ICAF system. On the basis of the results, the highest population reduction occurred in Isochrysis galbana and Botryococcus sp reaching 77.5% and 50%, respectively. The highest concentration of Cu that was produced during the operation of the simple ICAF system reached 4.08 ± mg/L. In conclusion, ion Cu that was produced during the operation of the simple ICAF system can reduce the cell number of Isochrysis galbana and Botryococcus sp.

6

Does Tofu Wastewater Conversions Nutrient Increase the Content of the Chlorella pyrenoidosa?

88%

Musa M. , Arsad S. , Sari L. A. , Lusiana E. D. , Kasitowati R. D. , Yulinda E. N. , Nadhira T. , Cahyani D.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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tom Vol. 22, nr 2

70--76

EN

This study aims to analyze the lipid, carbohydrate and protein content of Chlorella pyrenoidosa after being treated with the tofu wastewater. The method used in this study was an experimental method with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment was performed by administering different concentrations of the tofu wastewater to the C. pyrenoidosa. The concentrations used were 10%, 15% and 20%. Determination of these concentrations was based on the preliminary test. The main parameters observed were the lipid, carbohydrate and protein content of C. pyrenoidosa and the supporting parameters were the growth rate, doubling time and characteristics of the tofu wastewater. The study was conducted for 8 days using the batch culture method. In the exponential phase, the microalgae were harvested and then their contents were analyzed. The data obtained were analyzed using MS Office Excel 2016. The highest content of lipid, carbohydrate and protein of C. pyrenoidosa was in the treatment of 20% tofu wastewater, reaching 1.56%; 28.92%; and 28.92%, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest growth rate and the smallest doubling time in the treatment of 20% tofu wastewater accounted for 0.8264 day-1 and 0.0349 hours-1. Moreover, the rates of BOD and TSS of the tofu wastewater at the end of the study decreased. It can be concluded that administering different concentrations of the tofu wastewater can affect the lipid, carbohydrate and protein content of C. pyrenoidosa. It was suggested that further research is needed to conduct semi-continuous cultivation of C. pyrenoidosa using a higher density so that the results obtained can be optimized.

7

Effects of oxytetracycline on growth and chlorophyll a fluorescence in green algae (Chlorella vulgaris), diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) and cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa and Nodularia spumigena)

88%

Siedlewicz G. , Żak A. , Sharma L. , Kosakowska A. , Pazdro K.

Oceanologia

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2020

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tom No. 62 (2)

214--225

EN

The study aimed at measuring the influence of a wide range of oxytetracycline concentrations, with particular attention to the low levels of the antibiotic on cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and Nodularia spumigena, diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and the model green algae Chlorella vulgaris by conducting prolonged toxicity tests (lasting 10 days). Standard measurements (cell number, optical density, chlorophyll a concentration) were combined with photosynthetic parameters measurements. The obtained results show that concentrations of oxytetracycline present in the environment can affect tested microorganisms. It was found to decrease photosystem II efficiency and disrupt the photosynthesis process. A careful interpretation of photosynthetic parameters allowed a better understanding of the mode of action of oxytetracycline in relation to non-target photoautotrophic organisms like cyanobacteria and microalgae. In conclusion, it would appear that the use of standard chronic toxicity tests (72 h) does not allow to accurately and reliably assess the chronic impact of bioactive compounds including drugs and their metabolites on water organisms. On this basis, we recommend the application of extended duration tests.

8

Phytoplankton Community Stability as a Health Indicator of Whiteleg Shrimp in an Intensive Pond

88%

Musa M. , Mahmudi M. , Lusiana E. D. , Buwono N. R. , Arsad S.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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tom Vol. 25, iss. 1

332--340

EN

The goal of this study was to examine and assess the stability of phytoplankton communities in connection to the different health status type of shrimp pond (healthy and diseased) in an intensive culture. The research was conducted in two ponds located in Probolinggo region, which had different health status until the eight week of harvest period. Several water quality variables and phytoplankton community composition were observed. Non-metric dimensional scaling and analysis of similarity were used to compare the phytoplankton community structure and water quality parameters in both ponds. In addition, the stability of phytoplankton community in these ponds was measured using species turnover rate, rate change of composition community, and community stability indices. The results showed that phytoplankton community structure and water quality factors between a diseased and healthy pond were not statistically significant. On the other hand, the phytoplankton community in the healthy pond was more stable than that of the diseased pond. Furthermore, ammonia and phosphate were found as the dominant factors affecting the phytoplankton community in the studied ponds.

9

The Comparison of Microalgae and Different Crops in Biofuel Production

88%

Zabochnicka-Świątek M. , Sławik L.

Archivum Combustionis

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2012

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tom Vol. 32 nr 1-2

17--34

10

Cyanobacterial and microalgal bioactive compounds – the role of secondary metabolites in allelopathic interactions

88%

Żak A. , Kosakowska A.

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2016

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tom Vol. 45, No. 1

131--143

EN

Secondary metabolites produced by plants, algae, bacteria and fungi may affect the growth and development of biological systems. This is a natural process which occurs worldwide and is known as allelopathy. A relatively small number of these allelopathic compounds has been identified. The majority of studies describe the inhibitory effect of investigated compounds, extracts, cell-free filtrates and living cells on other organisms, although stimulatory interactions have also been noticed. Allelopathic interactions in aquatic environments could provide a competitive advantage to some species over other primary producers. Furthermore, allelopathy occurs in all aquatic habitats and all groups of autotrophs are capable of producing and releasing allelopathically active compounds. Moreover, secondary metabolites obtained from phytoplankton could demonstrate other useful bioactive properties. This review is intended to summarize the current knowledge of allelopathic interactions between microalgae and cyanobacteria in aquatic environments, as well as to provide a brief overview of the ecological importance of these interactions and their potential practical application in different branches of industry

11

Cultivation of Chlorella sp. for biodiesel production using two farming wastewaters in eastern Colombia

88%

Urbina-Suarez N. A. , Barajas-Solano A. F. , Garcia-Martinez J. B. , Lopez-Barrera G. L. , Gonzalez-Delgado A. D.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2021

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tom no. 50

141--149

EN

The production of biofuels using wastewater as a microalgae culture medium is a little explored technology, but with potential for success. In order to contribute to the knowledge of these technologies and their technical feasibility for microalgae growth, in this work the Chlorella sp. strain was cultivated in two types of effluents generated in an experimental farm located in eastern Colombia, before and after a biological treatment process. The consumption of the main nutrients that regulate growth and lipid production was evaluated, in order to extract, quantify, characterize and convert them into biodiesel. The results showed that Chlorella sp. growth and lipid production is more favourable in R2 medium of treated water than in R1 medium of raw water, mainly due to phosphorus limitation and higher N-NO3 concentration in R2 compared to R1. In the R2 medium culture, a percentage of 42.54% of long-chain fatty acids was found, which is necessary to obtain a high quality biodiesel. Finally, the best transesterification experiment allowed reaching a fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) percentage of 90.1 ± 2.7%. In general, the results demonstrated the potential viability of using the wastewater generated in the San Pablo farm to produce biomass with lipid content to obtain biodiesel, finding that where the concentration of nutrients, mainly nitrogen, has a great influence on the microalgal metabolism for lipid accumulation.

12

Assessment of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus compounds removal efficiency from different types of wastewater using microalgae cultures

75%

Nezbrytska I. , Shamanskyi S. , Pavliukh L. , Kharchenko G.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2022

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tom Vol. 51, No. 1

45--52

EN

The efficiency of ammonium nitrogen (N-NH4+) and phosphate (P-PO43-) removal from wastewater with different loads of these nutrients was evaluated using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Сhlоrорhуtа) and Oscillatoria neglecta (Суаnорhуtа/Cyanoprokaryota). In addition, functional characteristics of the microalgae under the studied conditions were determined. It was demonstrated that Ch. reinhardtii is resistant to a wide range of concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. Microalgae actively participate in the removal of N-NH4+ from wastewater (removal efficiency of 49–63%, depending on the initial concentration). At the same time, Ch. reinhardtii showed low levels of P-PO43- removal (7-18%) from the aquatic environment. O. neglecta, unlike Ch. reinhardtii, is sensitive to excessively high concentrations of N-NH4+ (90-140 mg l−1) and P-PO43- (26-90 mg l−1). However, it is characterized by high removal efficiency for both forms of nitrogen (60–61%) and phosphorus (43–55%) at their initial concentrations of 30–50 mg l-1 and 7–14 mg l-1, respectively. Therefore, O. neglecta is best suited for use in wastewater post-treatment

13

Mikroglony jako czynnik inicjujący oczyszczanie odcieku pofermentacyjnego, powstającego przy produkcji biogazu

75%

Jedynak P. , Burczyk J. , Borowski S. , Kaszycki P. , Hałat-Łaś M. , Kędra M. , Mungunkhuyag K. , Malec P.

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2018

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tom T. 97, nr 12

2106--2109

PL

Odciek powstały podczas beztlenowej fermentacji osadów ściekowych traktowano biomasą mikroglonów (Chlorella sorokiniana lub środowiskowe konsorcjum ZTT-3) w obecności białego światła przez 7 dni, po czym biomasę dozowano powtórnie i kontynuowano inkubację kolejne 7 dni. W pierwszym tygodniu oczyszczania wzrosła liczba bakterii i chemiczne zapotrzebowanie na tlen (ChZT), stężenie NH₄⁺ nie zmieniało się, a PO₄³⁻ zmniejszyło się w niewielkim stopniu. W drugim tygodniu obserwowano zmniejszenie stężenia PO₄³⁻ o 72-83%, deamonifikację z maksymalną wydajnością 38% (ZTT-3) oraz zmniejszenie ChZT o 55%. Wyniki sugerują stosowanie mikroglonów we wspomaganiu biologicznego oczyszczania cieczy pofermentacyjnych procesu produkcji biogazu.

EN

Post-fermentation effluent from anaerobic fermentation of sewage sludge was treated with microalgal cultures (Chlorella sorokiniana and an environmental consortium) under fluorescent white light for 7 days, then supplemented again with a 2nd dose of microalgal biomass and incubated for the next 7 days. During the first week, no change in NH4⁺ concn. was obsd. The PO₄³⁻ concn. decreased slightly but both the no. of bacteria as well as chem. O₂ demand significantly increased. After the 2nd treatment week, the concns. of PO₄³⁻ and NH₄⁺ decreased by 72-83% and 38%, resp., whereas chem. O₂ demand decreased by 55%. The optimized microalgal treatment stimulated the biol. remediation processes in sludge liqs.

14

The Potential Application of Effluent after Microalgae Anaerobic Digestion for Fertilization of Lettuce

75%

Kocela R. , Zabochnicka-Świątek M.

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tom Tom 20, cz. 1

697--712

EN

In recent years, it is observed an increase in the use of natural fertilizers that are environmentally friendly. The effluent after microalgae anaerobic digestion (algal effluent) contained organic substances and mineral compounds necessary for lettuce cultivation, hence it is a competitive product for natural fertilizers and an alternative to mineral fertilizers. The experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions. The main objective of the research was to assess the possibility of using the algal effluent as an organic fertilizer for the cultivation of butterhead lettuce. The study also analyzed the effect of the algal effluent on physicochemical properties of soil and plant growth. The experiment was established on podzolic, light soil of VI fertility class, under granulometric composition of loose sand. Plants used in the experiments are butterhead lettuce, variety 'Attractie'. The experiment was conducted in three replicates. Doses of fertilizers have been established due to factors: the content of nitrogen as the main macro element determining the growth and development of plants, nutritional requirements of tested plants and current soil fertility. The performed complex soil analysis and pot experiment showed that the algal effluent can be successfully used to improve soil fertility and enhance plants growth. Addition of the algal effluent caused increase of total organic carbon by 2066 mg/kg, total phosphorus by 27 mg/kg, total potassium by 55 mg/kg, total magnesium by 57 mg/kg, total calcium by 183 mg/kg. C/N ratio has increased from 9.1 to 11.2. pH maintained at the same level.

PL

W ostatnich latach obserwuje się wzrost stosowania nawozów pochodzenia naturalnego, które są przyjazne dla środowiska naturalnego. Użyty w badaniach odciek pofermentacyjny po beztlenowej fermentacji glonów zawierał substancje organiczne i związki mineralne niezbędne do uprawy sałaty. Dzięki ww. składowi odciek może stanowić konkurencyjny produkt dla nawozów naturalnych i alternatywę dla nawozów mineralnych. Badania prowadzono w warunkach laboratoryjnych. Głównym celem badań była ocena możliwości wykorzystania odcieku pofermentacyjnego z glonów jako nawozu organicznego pod uprawę sałaty masłowej. W pracy przeanalizowano również wpływ ww. odcieku pofermentacyjnego na właściwości fizykochemiczne gleby i wzrost roślin. Eksperyment założono na glebie bielicowej, lekkiej, klasy VI, o składzie granulometrycznym luźnego piasku. Roślinami użytymi w doświadczeniu była sałata masłowa, odmiana "Attractie". Doświadczenie przeprowadzono w trzech powtórzeniach. Dawki nawozów ustalono ze względu na następujące czynniki: zawartość azotu jako głównego makroelementu determinującego wzrost i rozwój roślin oraz wymagania pokarmowe badanych roślin i aktualną żyzność gleby. Przeprowadzona kompleksowa analiza gleby i eksperyment doniczkowy wykazały, że pofermentacyjny odciek z glonów można z powodzeniem stosować w celu poprawy żyzności gleby i zwiększenia wzrostu roślin. Dodatek pofermentacyjnego odcieku glonów spowodował wzrost całkowitego węgla organicznego o 2066 mg/kg, fosforu całkowitego o 27 mg/kg, całkowitego potasu o 55 mg/kg, całkowitego magnezu o 57 mg/kg, całkowitego wapnia o 183 mg/kg. Wskaźnik C/N wzrósł z 9,1 do 11,2. Wartość pH pozostała niezmieniona.

15

The Novel Use of Microalgae in the Greening of the Metallurgical Industry

75%

Berkinbayeva A. , Koizhanova A. , Yefremova Y. , Atanova O. , Yerdenova M. , Magomedov D.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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tom Vol. 24, nr 1

299--306

EN

The application of biotechnological methods in the metallurgical industry has the potential to provide an environmentally friendly and cost-effective direction of development. Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, a thionic bacterium, and the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii TN-72 CH were used as complex reagents for extracting gold from sulfide mineral raw materials. The sorption properties of modal and productive multicomponent gold-bearing solutions were studied. The sorption characteristics of the biosorbents were compared with those of sorbents currently used in gold production – the synthetic resin AM2B and GoldCarb activated carbon. The conducted research studying the sorption properties and survival ability of the microalga C. reinhardtii TN-72 CH will make it possible to develop an industrial technology for extracting metal in the hydrometallurgical cycle of gold production. The use of microorganisms in gold hydrometallurgy as an alternative to cyanide methods will reduce the load on the environment while reducing the cost of the technology. In the process of leaching gold-bearing raw materials by microorganisms, even submicroparticles of gold are released, which makes the processing of poor and refractory ores promising. Preliminary biooxidation increases the effectiveness of thiosulfates in terms of both time and gold recovery.

16

Microalgae as efficient feedstock for biorefinery

75%

Pszczółkowski W. , Pszczółkowska A. , Romanowska-Duda Z. , Grzesik M.

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tom no. 14

17--25

EN

The global energy demand keeps rising and easy accessible fossil fuel reserves are gradually decreasing which leads to increasing interest in renewable energy sources. The energy production can be based on various sources alternative to petroleum, but the material economy mainly depends on biomass, in particular plant biomass. The potential of renewable biomass resources conversion to chemicals is sufficient to replace fossil crude oil as a carbon resource. In recent years it has increasingly become clear that first generation biofuels have got comparably unfavorable energy balances and therefore most likely can never play a major role in global energy supply. Lignocellulosic biomass is much cheaper for biofuel production than first generation feedstock, but still there are no efficient treatment technologies for large-scale applications. The microalgae might be the future source of biofuels and chemicals production. Microalgal lipids and carbohydrates could be converted to biofuels and the rest of microalgal biomass contains many valuable components, all of which are worth developing into refined products for various applications.

PL

Światowy popyt na energię nieustannie wzrasta, a dostępne złoża paliw kopalnych stopniowo się wyczerpują, co przyczynia się do wzrostu zainteresowania odnawialnymi źródłami energii. Produkcja energii może być oparta na wielu alternatywnych paliwach, ale gospodarka materiałowa jest w głównej mierze oparta na biomasie, w szczególności pochodzenia roślinnego. Potencjał konwersji biomasy do użytecznych związków chemicznych jest wystarczający by zastąpić ropę naftową i węgiel. W ostatnich latach stało się jasne, że biopaliwa pierwszej generacji mają mało korzystny bilans energetyczny i prawdopodobni nigdy nie będą odgrywać znaczącej roli w globalnym rynku energetycznym. Lignocelulozowa biomasa jest znacznie tańszym surowcem do produkcji biopaliw, ale nadal nie opracowano wydajnych sposobów jej przetwarzania, które mogłyby znaleźć zastosowanie w produkcji przemysłowej na dużą skalę. Jednokomórkowe glony mogą stać się przyszłością zarówno biopaliw jak i produkcji szerokiej gamy związków chemicznych. Lipidy i węglowodany zawarte w ich komórkach stanowić mogą substrat do produkcji biopaliw, a pozostałą część biomasy zawierająca szereg cennych składników, można przetworzyć w rafinowane produkty o szerokim spektrum zastosowań.

17

Microalgae potential in the capture of CO2 emission

75%

Frongia F. , Arru L. , Cramarossa M. R. , Forti L.

Acta Innovations

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2021

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tom no. 41

19--27

EN

In a perspective projected to reduce the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases, in which carbon dioxide is the master, the use of microalgae is an effective and decisive response. The review describes the bio circularity of the process of abatement of carbon dioxide through biofixation in algal biomass, highlighting the potential of its reuse in the production of high value-added products.

18

Effects of centrifugal stress on cell disruption and glycerol leakage fromDunaliella salina

75%

Xu Y. , Milledge J. J. , Abubakar A. , Swamy R. A. R. , Bailey D. , Harvey P. J.

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nr 1

EN

Dunaliella salina accumulates large amounts of intracellular glycerol in response to the increases in salt concentration, thus is a potential source for producing fuel grade glycerol as an alternative to biodiesel-derived crude glycerol. D. salina lacks a cell wall; therefore the mode of harvesting Dunaliella cells is critical to avoid cell disruption caused by extreme engineering conditions. This study explored cell disruption and glycerol leakage of D. salina under various centrifugal stresses during cell harvesting. Results show a centrifugal g-force lower than 5000 g caused little cell disruption, while a g-force higher than 9000 g led to ~40% loss of the intact cells and glycerol yields from the recovered algal pellets. Theoretical calculations of the centrifugal stresses that could rupture Dunaliella cells were in agreement with the experimental results, indicating optimisation of centrifugation conditions is important for recovering intact cells of D. salina enriched in glycerol.

19

Nutrient Absorption and Biomass Production by the Marine Diatom Chaetoceros Muelleri: Effects of Temperature, Salinity, Photoperiod, and Light Intensity

75%

Minggat E. , Roseli W. , Tanaka Y.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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tom Vol. 22, nr 1

231--240

EN

The marine diatom Chaetoceros muelleri is commonly used for aquacultural feed and is well known for its fast growth and easy maintenance. In order to evaluate the potential of C. muelleri to be used for the nutrient removal and biomass production from eutrophic saline wastewaters, the algae were cultured under a wide range of temperature, salinity, photoperiod, and light intensity. The optimum temperature for the biomass production was observed at 30°C, but the algae could maintain at least 66% of the highest production between 20°C and 35°C. The optimum salinity for the biomass production was 25, but the algae could maintain at least 22% of the highest production between 10 and 30. Both light intensity and photoperiod affected the algal biomass production, and the minimum light requirement was considered 100 μmol m−2•s−1 for 6 hours to maintain the biomass production and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) absorption. Throughout all the experiments, the N and P absorption increased with the biomass production, but the ratio of N and P to the biomass exponentially decreased with the biomass production. These results showed that C. muelleri is tolerant to the wide range of environmental conditions, absorbing nutrients and producing organic matter. C. muelleri has a great potential to be introduced in the water treatment processes, especially where the temperature and salinity fluctuate.

20

Cultivation Parameters Adjustment for Effective Algal Biomass Production

75%

Karło A. , Wilk A. , Ziembińska-Buczyńska A. , Surmacz-Górska J.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2015

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tom Tom 17, cz. 1

275--288

PL

Mikroglony są niewielkimi organizmami wodnymi o bardzo dużym potencjale w zakresie oczyszczania ścieków. Ma to związek z faktem, że są mało wymagające w hodowli, a do wzrostu i rozmnażania mogą z powodzeniem wykorzystywać związki biogenne zawarte w ściekach. Dodatkowo, powstająca biomasa może posłużyć jako substrat energetyczny – może zostać wykorzystana do produkcji biopaliw, takich jak biodiesel, bioetanol czy biobutanol lub jako wsad do komory fermentacji, czyli do produkcji biogazu. Ze względu na rosnące zainteresowanie pozyskiwaniem znacznych ilości biomasy glonów podjęto próbę zoptymalizowania warunków hodowlanych pozwalających na pozyskanie największej ilości surowca przetwórczego. W eksperymencie przeprowadzono w warunkach laboratoryjnych serię analiz w zawiesinie, w których jako medium wzrostowe dla mikroglonów z rodzaju Chlorella wykorzystano wody z odwadniania przefermentowanych osadów ściekowych, pochodzące z Centralnej Oczyszczalni Ścieków w Gliwicach. Wody osadowe charakteryzują się wysokim stężeniem azotu nieorganicznego w postaci jonów amonowych, które z powodzeniem wykorzystywane są przez mikroglony do wzrostu. Dodatkowo ścieki takie, w porównaniu z surowymi ściekami komunalnymi, są relatywnie klarowne, dzięki czemu możliwe jest przenikanie światła w głąb medium hodowlanego. W przeprowadzonym eksperymencie wody osadowe w pierwszym etapie poddane zostały podczyszczaniu w reaktorze typu SBR, a następnie skierowane jako dopływ do reaktora glonowego. Celem badań było określenie wpływu podstawowych czynników środowiskowych na tempo wzrostu glonów, a tym samym na przyrost biomasy. W pierwszym teście analizowano wpływ gęstości optycznej hodowli na szybkość przyrostu biomasy. Zawiesinę glonów jednokomórkowych rozcieńczano medium wzrostowym odpowiednio w stosunku 1:5, 2:5, 3:5 oraz 4:5 w odniesieniu do hodowli kontrolnych. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły określić optymalną gęstość zawiesiny mikroglonów w reaktorze (odpowiadającą największym przyrostom biomasy, a tym samym wysokiemu usunięciu związków biogennych). Początkowe stężenie zawiesiny mikroglonów na poziomie 0,045–0,067 g/l odpowiadało największym przyrostom biomasy w próbach (tempo wzrostu odpowiednio 0,348 i 0,361 1/dzień). W drugiej serii testów analizowano dodatkowo wpływ takich czynników jak: stosunek N:P, dodatek węglanów jako źródła dwutlenku węgla oraz dodatkowe oświetlanie promieniowaniem aktywnym fotosyntetycznie (falą świetlną o długości w zakresie absorpcji chlorofilu a oraz b), w odniesieniu do próby kontrolnej, a także do uzyskanej wcześniej optymalnej gęstości zawiesiny mikroglonów. W eksperymencie wykazano również, że wody osadowe, charakteryzujące się wysokim ładunkiem nieorganicznych związków azotu i fosforu, a także obecnością metali ciężkich mogą być z powodzeniem wykorzystywane jako medium wzrostowe dla glonów z rodzaju Chlorella.