The paper briefly summarizes the latest news in the area of photonic crystals. The definition, different types and properties of photonic materials are presented. It shows also how to apply this kind of materials hy introducing different defects to their structures. The most interesting point is where such kind of periodic structures can he found in nature. A new way of obtaining photonic crystals is presented. The micro-pulling method is proposed in order to grow self-organized eutectic microstructures.
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Recently, certain materials have attracted attention for a new generation of high speed, efficient, multi-functional optical devices. Among these materials, small-diameter and long-length bulk crystals are of considerable interest for miniaturization and high efficiency. In particular, rod or fiber-like micro-single crystals have already received attention as attractive materials for a variety of electro-optical application, such as second harmonic generation (SHG), micro-laser sources or optical memory arrangements because of their extended interaction length and high optical intensity.
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Eutectics are the materials with foreseen application in the field of photonic crystals and metamaterials. In this paper, the dependence on chemical composition of the microstructures of terbium-scandium-aluminium garnet and terbium-scandium perovskite (Tb₃Sc₂Al₃O₁₂-TbScO₃) eutectics has been studied. The growth of the eutectic rods by the micro-pulling down method is presented, using compositions with several different volume fractions of the garnet and the perovskite phases, VTSAG:VTSP = 4, 3, 2, 1, 1/2. The phases have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectrometry. The relationship between the lattice constant of individual phases and the chemical composition is presented. The unidirectional growth of microrods has been also investigated by electron backscattering diffraction.
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The scintillation characteristics of the Ce-doped PrF₃ single crystals have been studied to find out their potential as for heavy scintillators. Crystal growth was performed in a vacuum-tight micro-pulling down (µ-PD) system. PrF₃ crystal was prepared with various concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 60, 80, 100%) of Ce³⁺. The crystals were transparent (CeF₃) or of greenish colour, 3 mm in diameter and 15-50 mm in length. Neither visible inclusions nor cracks were observed. At room temperature, the radio- and photoluminescence spectra and the decay kinetics were measured for the sample set.
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