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2
Content available remote GNSS Meteorology
100%
EN
GNSS meteorology is the remote sensing of the atmosphere (troposphere) using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to derive information about its state. The most interesting information is a delay of the signal propagation due to the water vapor content - the Slant Wet Delay (SWD). The inverse modeling technique being concern here is the tomography. It is the transformation of the slant integrated observation of state of the atmosphere (SWD), to the three dimensional distribution of the water vapor. Over past six years the studies on GNSS tomography were performed in the Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences on the GNSS tomography. Since 2008 the new national permanent GNSS network ASG-EUPOS (about 130 GNSS reference stations) has been established in Poland (www.asgeupos.pl). This paper presents the issues of the Near Real Time troposphere model construction, characteristic of GNSS and meteorological data and the building of the required IT infrastructure.
EN
The scope of this study was to assess the usefulness of top probability distributions to describe maximum rainfall data in the Lusatian Neisse River basin, based on eight IMWM-NRI meteorological stations. The research material was composed of 50-year precipitation series of daily totals from 1961 to 2010. Misssing measurement data were estimated using a weighted average method. Homogeneity for refilled data were investigated by precipitation double aggregation curve. Correlation between the measurement data varied from 96 to 99% and did not indicate a violation of the homogeneity of rainfall data series. Variability of recorded daily precipitation maxima were studied by linear regression and non-parametric Mann-Kendall tests. Long-term period changes at maximum rainfalls for four stations remained statistically insignificant, and for the other four were significant, although the structure of maximums was relatively similar. To describe the measured data, there were used the Fréchet, Gamma, Generalized Exponential Distribution (GED), Gumbel, Log-normal and Weibull distributions. Particular distribution parameters were estimated using the maximum likelihood method. The conformity of the analyzed theoretical distributions with measured data was inspected using the Schwarz Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and also by the relative residual mean square error (RRMSE). Among others, the Gamma, GED, and Weibull distributions fulfilled the compliance criterion for each meteorological station respectively. The BIC criterion indicated GED as the best; however differences were minor between GED on the one hand and the Gamma and Weibull distributions on the other. After conducting the RRMSE analysis it was found that, in comparison to the other distributions, GED best describes the measured maximum rainfall data.
EN
The processing of Global Positioning System (GPS) observations for high-precision network establishment requires models to reduce the influence of systematic errors. One of the crucial sources of these errors is tropospheric refraction, particularly its changes and influence on height determination in local precise GPS networks, especially those located in mountainous areas. The authors’ present results of GPS data processing of local precise geodynamic research network ŚNIEŻNIK2001 (Sudetes, SW Poland) using different input data (standard atmosphere, ground meteorological data) and different methods of tropospheric delay estimation. Bernese GPS Software v. 4.2 was used, as an analytical tool.
EN
The MeteoGIS system developed at the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute in Poland is a GIS-based system for real-time monitoring of weather and the generation of meteorological warnings. Apart from its monitoring features, it can also provide more advanced analysis, including SQL (Structured Query Language) queries and statistical analyses. Input data are provided mainly by the INCA-PL 2 nowcasting model which employs forecasts from the high-resolution AROME numerical weather prediction model and measurement data from the Polish weather radar network POLRAD and surface meteorological stations. As well as this, data from the PERUN lighting detection system are used. Ingestion of such data allows for the mitigation of risk from potentially hazardous weather phenomena such as extreme temperatures, strong wind, thunderstorms, heavy rain and subsequent impending floods. The following meteorological parameters at ground level are visualised in the MeteoGIS: (i) precipitation (accumulation and type), (ii) temperature, (iii) wind (speed and direction), (iv) lightning (locations and type). End users of the system are workers from civil protection services who are interested in shortterm warnings against severe weather events, especially area-oriented ones (related to districts, catchments, etc.). The reliability of visualised data is a very important issue, and from the MeteoGIS user’s point of view the improvement in data quality is a continuous process.
6
86%
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2017
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tom nr 1
81--88
EN
Earth surface monitoring can give information that may be used in complex analysis of the air conditions, temperature, humidity etc. Data from a vertical profile of the atmosphere is also essential for accurate thunderstorm forecasting. That data is collected by radiosondes – telemetry instruments carried into the atmosphere usually by balloons. Sometimes, due to the hostile conditions of upper troposphere, incorrect data can be generated by radiosonde sensors. In this paper, a new algorithm is developed for fixing the incorrect data, i.e. missing or out of specific range values. The proposed algorithm was tested both on benchmarks and real data generated by radiosondes. About 70% of significantly damaged test data volume was recovered. Up to 100% of real data was fixed.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy porównawczej charakterystyk energetycznych budynku doświadczalnego w Politechnice Poznańskiej sporządzonych na podstawie dwóch aktów prawnych: Rozporządzenia Ministra Infrastruktury z dnia 6 listopada 2008 r. oraz Rozporządzenia Ministra Infrastruktury i Rozwoju z dnia 27 lutego 2015 r. W ocenie wariantowo wykorzystano dane wejściowe zaproponowane przez administrację państwową oraz rzeczywiste dane klimatyczne oraz zapotrzebowania urządzeń elektrycznych na moc. W artykule przedstawiono ocenę energetyczną pasywnego budynku doświadczalnego w Politechnice Poznańskiej w sezonie ogrzewczym.
EN
The article presents a comparative analysis of selected energy characteristics for the experimental building of Poznan University of Technology. The characteristics have been drawn up on the basis of two decrees: The Decree of the Ministry of Infrastructure of 6 November 2008 and of 27 February 2015. The assessment is based on the input data proposed by the legislation, real meteorological data and power requirement of electric equipment. The article presents energy evaluation of the experimental passive building of Poznan University of Technology during heating period.
EN
Eastern Mediterranean water and heat balances were analysed over 52 years. The modelling uses a process-oriented approach resolving the one-dimensional equations of momentum, heat and salt conservation; turbulence is modelled using a twoequation model. The results indicate that calculated temperature and salinity follow the reanalysed data well. The water balance in the Eastern Mediterranean basin was controlled by the difference between inflows and outflows through the Sicily Channel and by net precipitation. The freshwater component displayed a negative trend over the study period, indicating increasing salinity in the basin. The heat balance was controlled by heat loss from the water surface, solar radiation into the sea and heat flow through the Sicily Channel. Both solar radiation and net heat loss displayed increasing trends, probably due to decreased total cloud cover. In addition, the heat balance indicated a net import of approximately 9 W m−2 of heat to the Eastern Mediterranean Basin from the Western Basin.
9
Content available remote Wpływ temperatury gruntu na stratę ciepła w sieci ciepłowniczej
72%
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2013
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tom nr 11
8--12
PL
Straty ciepła w sieci ciepłowniczej wpływają na efektywność i konkurencyjność systemu w stosunku do zdecentralizowanego sposobu zaopatrzenia w ciepło. Artykuł przedstawia możliwość wykorzystania empirycznego sposobu opisu temperatury gruntu do analizy wpływu wybranych czynników na wielkość strat ciepła sieci ciepłowniczych. Tego typu obliczenia i analizy pozwalają na podejmowanie decyzji mających na celu podwyższanie efektywności energetycznej systemów zaopatrzenia w ciepło.
EN
Heat losses in district heating networks influence their effectiveness and competitiveness in relation to the decentralized heat supply. The article presents the possibility of using the empirical approximation of soil temperatures to analyze the impact of chosen factors on heat losses from district heating networks. Such calculations and analyses allow to make the decisions aimed at increasing the energy efficiency of heat supply systems.
12
Content available Dane topo i meteo ważne jak broń
72%
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tom nr 4
14--19
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