Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Zastosowanie metody real-time PCR do wykrywania RNA enterowirusow czlowieka

100%

Les K. , Przybylski M. , Dzieciatkowski T. , Mlynarczyk G.

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nr 3

245-253

PL

Celem pracy było zaprojektowanie i optymalizacja warunków reakcji w metodzie real-time PCR z wykorzystaniem sondy typu TaqMan do wykrywania enterowirusów człowieka. Użyto starterów oraz sondy komplementarnych dla konserwatywnych sekwencji w obrębie regionu niekodującego genomu enterowirusów (5'UTR). Sprawdzono swoistość metody wobec 19 taksonów enterowirusów z grup Coxsackie A, Coxsackie B, echowirusów i enterowirusów 68/71, a także innych wirusów zakażających człowieka. Określono zakres czułości metody względem szeregu dziesiętnych rozcieńczeń zawiesiny wzorcowych szczepów enterowirusów.

EN

Infections with human enteroviruses are common worldwide and cause a wide range of signs and symptoms. Nowadays in current diagnostics procedures older virological methods, such virus isolation in a cell cultures and seroneutralisation assay, are replaced with molecular biology tests. The aim of the study was development of real-time PCR assay for detection of human adenoviruses. DNA isolated from MK2 cell line infected with nineteen different enterovirus strains was used for development of a qualitative real-time PCR assay using primers targeting a conserved region of the 5'UTR region and a specific TaqMan® probe. The analytical sensitivity of real-time PCR assay was tested using serial dilutions of Coxackie A9 cDNA in range between 100 and 10-8. For comparison typical end-point detected RT-PCR for enterovirus detection with the same cDNA dilutions was made. The sensitivity of novel method was about ten thousand-fold higher than older one. The conclusion is that real-time PCR is very advisable in diagnostics of diseases caused with enteroviruses. The high level of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and rapidity provided by this assay are favorable for the use in the detection of enteroviral RNA in clinical specimens, especially from neuroinfections.

2

Wykrywanie obecnosci Acanthamoeba sp.w probach srodowiskowych i materiale pochodzacym od pacjentow przy pomocy techniki PCR

84%

Derda M. , Hadas E. , Sulek A.

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2004

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tom 50

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nr 4

747

3

Mikologiczna analiza probek materialu klinicznego uzyskanego od chorych zywionych pozajelitowo

84%

Dabkowska M. , Sikora M. , Swoboda-Kopec E. , Netsvyetayeva I. , Jarzynka S. , Pertkiewicz M. , Mlynarczyk G.

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nr 2

163-170

PL

Chorzy po zabiegach chirurgicznych, żywieni pozajelitowe, są szczególnie narażeni na zakażenie grzybicze o etiologii Candida. Dokonano analizy mikologicznej próbek materiałów klinicznych pozyskanych od chorych żywionych pozajelitowe, a także od chorych, u których nie zastosowano tej metody leczenia. W materiale klinicznym pochodzącym od chorych żywionych pozajelitowe, dominującym gatunkiem była Candidaglabrata. W posiewach materiałów klinicznych pozyskanych od chorych nie otrzymujących żywienia pozajelitowego dominował gatunek Candida albicans

EN

The most frequent etiological factors of fungal infections in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) belong to Candida genus of the yeastlike fungi. In the TPN patients the several infectious complications can develop: venous catheter infection, catheter candidemia (fungemia), fungal endocarditis or fungal ophtalmitis. The capability of hydrolytic (proteolytic, lipolytic) enzymes secretion as well as biofilm formation on artificial surfaces are the most important factors of fungal strains pathogenity. In the study from clinical materials of 37 patients receiving total parenteral nutrition 31 strains of Candida glabrata (56,4%), 13 strains of Candida albicans (23,6%), 3 Candida tropicalis strains, 2 Candida krusei strains, 2 Candida lusitaniae strains and 1 strain of Candida inconspicua were identified. The phenotypic analysis of isolated strains were performed using API - ZYM (bioMerieux) tests for the enzymatic activity determination. Simultaneously the proteolytic and lipolytic activity analysis were performed. Candida albicans isolates secreted 10 out of 19 enzymes and Candida glabrata 7. The secretion of proteases was demonstrated in 12 C. albicans strains. All Candida glabrata isolates from examined and from control group secreted proteolitic enzymes. Candida glabrata is the dominant species in clinical materials of patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. The numerous isolation of C. glabrata from clinical materials of patients receiving total parenteral nutrition might be connected with the selection of azole resistant strains and also to ability of creatin biofilm on the biomateriał surfaces.

4

Serologiczna i genetyczna analiza paciorkowcow grupy B izolowanych od doroslych pacjentow

84%

Dabrowska-Szponar M. , Kubielas H.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

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2006

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tom 58

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nr 4

283-289

PL

Wśród 125 szczepów paciorkowców grupy В wyizolowanych z próbek materiału klinicznego pobranych od dorosłych pacjentów stwierdzono siedem typów serologicznych, z których dominowały III (37,6%) i R (20,8%). Typowanie genetyczne metodą RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) dało wyższe zróżnicowanie. Uzyskano 11 profili genetycznych. Nie wykazano różnic w rozkładzie serotypów i genotypów wśród badanych izolatów, pochodzących z próbek różnego materiału klinicznego.

EN

Serologic and genetic typing with RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) method was used for epidemiologic analysis of GBS. 125 strains isolated from various clinical samples from adult patients were tested. In serologic typing seven serotypes have been found. Serotypes III and R were the most often encountered, containing 37,6% and 20,8% of samples. There was no dependence between serologic type and disease process. Optimalisation of RAPD reaction parameters was based on the standard strains of GBS. In the group of strains tested with the use of RAPD method, eleven genetic profiles were found, with prevalence of profile В (25,8%). Five other profiles occured with similar frequency (8,8% - 12,8%). Among streptococci isolated from patients with the infection of genitourinary tract, great differentiation in the genetic profiles of the strains has been found. Each serologic type contained various genetic profiles. Genetic variety showed by RAPD method indicates the raised ability of this technique to find differences among isolates of GBS.

5

Charakterystyka molekularna szczepow Staphylococcus aureus i Staphylococcus epidermidis wyizolowanych z materialu klinicznego

84%

Zdzalik D. , Dominiak A. , Galkowska H. , Interewicz B. , Olszewski W. L. , Stelmach E. , Luczak M. , Machowski Z.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

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2006

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tom 58

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nr 4

269-274

PL

Scharakteryzowano szczepy Staphylococcus aureus i Staphylococcus epidermidis, wyizolowane z ran i tkanek głębokich oraz z powierzchni skóry, pobranych w celu poszukiwania obecności genów dla czynników wirulencji. Określono genetyczne zróżnicowanie badanych szczepów uzyskane metodą reakcji PCR ze specyficznymi starterami.

EN

The aim of study was the molecular characteristic of S. aureus and S. epidermidis isolates obtained from skin surface, wounds, deep tissues of hospitalized patients and from skin surface of non-hospitalized patients. Genes encoding virulence factors were examined using PCR reaction and specific primers. Genes encoding adhesins fnbA and cna and gene eta for epidermolytic toxin were mostly present in S. aureus isolates coming from wounds and deep tissues compared to these from skin surface. Gene atlE encoding autolysin of S. epidermidis was detected in all studied isolates, whereas gene icaAB was present in almost all isolates. Comparison of results obtained by PCR and conventional method of the resistance to methicillin estimation showed discrepances suggesting the need for using of both methods in some clinically difficult cases of S. aureus infection.

6

Wystepowanie oraz lekowrazliwosc opornych na karbapenemy szczepow Pseudomonas aeruginosa izolowanych z materialu klinicznego w latach 1998-2009

84%

Bogiel T. , Mikucka A. , Skalski T. , Gospodarek E.

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nr 3

221-229

PL

Przeprowadzono retrospektywną analizę częstości izolacji oraz lekowrażli- wości 775 szczepów Pseudomonas aeruginosa opornych na imipenem i me- ropenem. Szczepy objęte badaniem, pochodzące z materiału od 568 chorych, izolowano w latach 1998-2009 w Zakładzie Mikrobiologii Klinicznej Szpitala Uniwersyteckiego nr 1 im. dr. A. Jurasza w Bydgoszczy. W okresie objętym badaniem odnotowano tendencję wzrostową częstości izolacji szczepów P. aeruginosa o fenotypie oporności na karbapenemy.

EN

P. aeruginosa rods are dangerous pathogens mainly responsible for nosocomial infections of different localization. Resistance to carbapenems, observed among them, is a serious threat due to ability to be transmitted between bacterial species. The aim of our study was to retrospectively evaluate the frequency of isolation and susceptibility to antibiotics of imipenem- and meropenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains isolated between 1998 and 2009 from patients of University Hospital No 1 of dr A. Jurasz in Bydgoszcz. Study shows increasing number of isolation that type of strains from 19 in 1998 to 144 in 2009. Among all isolated P. aeruginosa strains majority was obtained from patients of the Intensive Care Units, Rehabilitation and Surgery Clinics. Examined strains of P. aeruginosa rods were mainly isolated from urine (20,5%), bronchoalveolar lavage (17,7%) and wound swabs (14,5%) samples. The isolates demonstrated frequently resistance to carbenicillin (≥66,7%), ticarcil- lin (≥72,7%) and cefotaxime (≥75,6%). The lowest rate of resistant strains was observed in case of ceftazidime (≤68,8%), aztreonam (≤47,4%) and Colistin (≤1,7%) suggesting the highest activity of that antimicrobials against infections caused by examined strains.

7

Wystepowanie w materiale klinicznym i lekowrazliwosc szczepow Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

84%

Hankiewicz-Ziolkowska K. , Mikucka A. , Gospodarek E.

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nr 2

127-134

PL

Celem pracy była ocena częstości występowania i lekowrażliwości szczepów Stenotrophomonas maltophilia w materiale pobranym od chorych hospitalizowanych w Szpitalu Uniwersyteckim nr 1 im. dr. A. Jurasza w Bydgoszczy w okresie trzech lat. Najczęściej pałeczki 5. maltophilia izolowano od chorych Kliniki Anestezjologii i Intensywnej Terapii z Pododdziałem Kardioanestezjologii oraz Kliniki Chirurgii Dziecięcej. Najwięcej (95,7%) szczepów wykazywało wrażliwość na lewofloksacynę i trimetoprim/sulfametoksazol (71,2%).

EN

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic Gram-negative bacillus which is becoming increasingly recognized as an important nosocomial pathogen especially in debilitated or immune suppressed patients. S. maltophilia is found in a wide variety of environments. It has been isolated from a number of water sources, soil, variety of plants and food sources. S. maltophilia can form biofilm on synthetic materials for temporary or permanent implantation, i.e. central venous catheters, urinary catheters and prosthetic heart valves. In hospital the organism has been isolated from wet environments such as antiseptic fluids containing Chlorhexidine, respiratory therapy equipment and air nebulizers. Little is known of the virulence factors of S. maltophilia. S. maltophilia is naturally resistant to many currently available broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, including carbapenems. This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating clinical strains isolation and antibiotic susceptibility of S. maltophilia. A total of 80 clinical isolates of S. maltophilia were collected from individual patients, hospitalized at A. Jurasz University Hospital in Bydgoszcz, Poland. To identify S. maltophilia strains and receive biochemical profiles API 20 NE tests (bio Mérieux) ATB Expression computer system (bio Mérieux) with database V 2.4.7. were used. Antimicrobial agents susceptibility was evaluated for 19 different agents. For 18 out of 19 antimicrobial agent Etests (AB Biodisc) were used. For levofloxacine disc diffusion method was used. Most of analyzed strains were isolated from broncho-alveolar lavage (37,5%) from patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit (48,8%). 95,7% of isolated strains were susceptible to levofloxacine and 71,3% to trimethoprim/sulfametholxazole. 48 (60,0%) of S. maltophilia strains were identified as multi-drug resistant.

8

Siderofory i hemolizyny w pozyskiwaniu zelaza przez paleczki z rodzaju Acinetobacter

84%

Lisiecki P. , Fleischner M. , Wysocki P. , Przondo-Mordarska A. , Mikucki J.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

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2003

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tom 55

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nr 4

379-390

PL

Badaniami objęto 60 szczepów z rodzaju Acinetobacter należących do gatunków A. baumannii, A. haemolyticus, A. junii i A. Iwoffii i izolowanych z różnych materiałów klinicznych. Analizując wyniki statystycznie oceniano zależności między ogólnym poziomem aktywności sideroforowej, wytwarzaniem sideroforów klasy hydroksamowej i fenolano- wo-katecholowej, bezpośrednią i pośrednią hemolizę różnych krwinek a przynależnością gatunkową szczepu jego pochodzeniem i intensywnością wzrostu w pożywce z niedoborem żelaza.

EN

In 60 strains of Acinetobacter genus isolated from clinical material belonging to species A. baumannii, A. haemolyticus, A. junii and A. Iwoffii a hydroxamate and phenol-catechol class siderophores was identified by chemical and biological testes. A correlation between siderophores production and growth intensity, species affiliation and origin of strains was found.

9

Ocena wrazliwosci na wybrane antybiotyki paleczek Yersinia enterocolitica i Yersinia pseudotuberlculosis izolowanych z probek materialu klinicznego w Polsce w latach 2004-2009

67%

Szych J. , Jakubczak A. , Wardak S. , Madajczak G.

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nr 4

311-319

10

Wystepowanie wybranych genow loci waa i wb zwiazanych z wytwarzaniem lipopolisacharydu u referencyjnych i izolowanych z materialu klinicznego szczepow paleczek Klebsiella pneumoniae

67%

Gierczynski R. , Kaluzewski S. , Zasada A. A. , Rastawicki W. , Jagielski M.

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nr 4

383-393

PL

Określono częstość występowania 11 wybranych genów loci waa i wb związanych z biosyntezą oligocukru rdzenia lipopolisacharydu (LPS) i antygenu O pałeczek Klebsiella. Zbadano 26 wybranych szczepów wzorcowych dla antygenu K reprezentujących wyróżniane obecnie grupy serologiczne pałeczek K. pneumoniae a także 19 szczepów epidemicznych i izolowanych od przypadkowych osób na terenie kraju. Zróżnicowanie częstości występowania poszukiwanych genów w grupie badanych szczepów stanowiło podstawę wyodrębnienia 21 genotypów. Wykazano przydatność genów z loci waa i wb do genotypowania pałeczek K. pneumoniae.

EN

The goal of presented study was to determine by PCR differences in existence or homology level of selected genes involved in A', pneumoniae lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis and application of obtained results for genotyping. Number of 26 reference strains of K. pneumoniae belonging to sero- groups 01,02a, 02a2e, 02a2e2h, 02a2f2g, 03,04,05,07,08, and 012 was tested together with 13 epidemic strains from 5 outbreaks and б casual isolates for the existence of 7 (waaA, waaE, waaL, waaQ, waaZ, waaX and uge) and 4 (wbdA, wbdC, manB, wbbO) genes of the waa and wb clusters for LPS biosynthesis. Based on PCR results, 10 and 11 genotypes were distinguished in tested strains for genes from waa and wb clusters respectively. Derived dendrograms were topologically dissimilar, however observed correlation between clonal groups and O-group was marginal for both compared clusters. Since we aimed to develop genotyping method for K. pneumoniae, genes from clusters waa and wb were used together to enhance the distinguishing capacity. Twenty-one genotypes were distinguished in 45 tested strains (DI=0,46) when 11 genes were applied for typing. Although no apparent correlation between genotype and serogroup was observed, epidemic isolates from 5 outbreaks were diversified into 5 genotypes, whereas strains from the same outbreak were indistinguishable. Described here genotyping method is determinative and was found time and cost effective. This method may be applied in every clinical laboratory equipped in an ordinary PCR apparatus.

11

Paleczki Gram-ujemne wytwarzajace metalo-beta-laktamazy izolowane od pacjentow szpitalnych i pozaszpitalnych, wykryte przy zastosowaniu metody Etest MBL

67%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Luczak M.

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nr 1

73-81

PL

W latach 2001-2005 z próbek materiału klinicznego pobranych od pacjentów szpitalnych i ambulatoryjnych wyizolowano 104 szczepy Gram-ujemnych pałeczek opornych na karbapenemy (imipenem i meropenem). Zastosowano fenotypową metodę Etest® MBL do wykrywania szczepów wytwarzających metalo-beta-laktamazy (MBL). Wśród badanych izolatów było 36 MBL-do- datnich stanowiących 34,6% ogółu szczepów opornych na antybiotyki kar- bapenemowe.

EN

The aim of presented study was to detect MBL-positive strains in a group of clinical carbapenem- resistant strains isolated from inpatients and outpatients during last four years. From the beginning of November 2001 to the end of October 2005, one hundred and four strains resistant to carbapenem antibiotics - imipenem and meropenem were cultured from clinical samples obtained from patients of the Infant Jesus Clinical Hospital Centre for Trauma Treatment in Warsaw and from patients of outpatient clinics. Strains were identified and their susceptibility to antibacterial agents was determined in the automatic ATB Expression system (bioMérieux®). Resistance to imipenem and meropenem was confirmed with a disc diffusion method. Production of metallo-beta-lactama- ses (MBL) was examined with the use of Etest® MBL (AB Biodisk, Sweden), and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) by means of following procedures: DDST and / or DD (four variants) (Oxoid Ltd., England). MBL-positive strains (36) were cultured in cases of infections in adult patients (35 strains) and in a child (1 strain). Majority of strains belonged to the species P. aeruginosa (27), several strains - to the species P. putida (6) and remaining strains - to P. stutzeri, A. xylosoxidans, and E. cloacae ( 1 strain of each species). Four strains were producers of MBL-type and ESBL-type beta-lactamases. According to our knowledge and accessible literature described strains (except one paediatric strain) are the first MBL-positive strains isolated from adult hospitalized patients and adult ambulatory patients in Poland. Additionally, MBL-positive E. cloacae strain is probably the first MBL producer isolated in Poland, which belongs to the group of enteric rods. MBL-producing strains of Gram-negative rods, detected by phenotypic Etest® MBL method, will be verified with genetic procedures.

12

Szczepy z rodzaju Salmonella wyizolowane z przypadkow zakazen pozajelitowych

67%

Lazinska B. , Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Luczak M.

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2005

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tom 57

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nr 3

287-294

PL

W latach 2002-2004 z próbek materiału klinicznego wyizolowano 13 szczepów z rodzaju Salmonella, w tym 11 szczepów S. Enteritidis i 2 szczepy S. Hadar. Wszystkie wyhodowania dotyczyły zakażeń pozajelitowych. Wyhodowane szczepy z jednym wyjątkiem były w pełni wrażliwe na antybiotyki i chemioterapeutyki. Nie wyhodowano szczepów ESBL – dodatnich.

EN

Every year in Poland from tens to more than hundred bacteriologically verified extraintestinal infections caused by Salmonella species have been registered. These unusually located infections have substantially heavy course and in many cases hospitalisation and antibiotic therapy have to be involved. Cases of extraintestinal infections with these Gram-negative rods, which were described in the literature, concerned: pneumonias, lung abscesses and thoracic empyemas, and infections of: blood, bones and joints, wounds, fistulas and urinary tract. The aim of this study was to set extraintestinal Salmonella infections and to analyze a susceptibility of isolated strains to antimicrobial agents. Between 01.07.2002 and 31.12.2004 (30 months) 13 strains of Salmonella genus have been isolated, including 11 S. enteritidis and 2 S. Hadar. In general, with one exception, isolated strains were susceptible to tested antibiotics/chemotherapeutics. ESBL - positive strains were not detected. The tendency of Salmonella strains to cause extraintestinal infections has been noticed. The problem is still escalating, especially in group of patients chronically treated, with immunodeficiency and immunosuppression, after complicated medical procedures, also in the group of small children and aged persons. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate a susceptibility to antibiotics/chemotherapeutics of every strain from confirmed case of Salmonella extraintestinal infection and it is important to apply a guided therapy.

13

Ropnie pelzakowe [amebowe] watroby w materiale Kliniki Chorob Tropikalnych i Pasozytniczych AMG w Gdyni

67%

Felczak-Korzybska I. , Graczyk J. , Mayer L. , Nahorski W. L. , Wroczynska A. , Myjak P.

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tom 53

166