Przedmiotem opracowania jest wykazanie, iż tajność procesu kanonicznego oraz konstytucyjna gwarancja autonomii i niezależności Kościoła katolickiego od państwa, nie niweczy możliwości dochodzenia ochrony dóbr osobistych naruszonych w kanonicznym procesie o nieważność małżeństwa na forum państwowym. Wskazuje jednak, jakie ograniczenia dowodowe wynikają z przepisów prawa kanonicznego. W kanonicznym procesie nie wydaje się kopii i odpisów z akt sprawy. Jedynymi dokumentami, którymi dysponuje strona będzie więc kopia skargi powodowej oraz wyrok zapadły w sprawie. Autor dokonując analizy przepisów prawa kanonicznego oraz prawa powszechnego wykazuje, iż żądanie przez organy państwowe akt sprawy o nieważność małżeństwa będzie przejawem łamania konstytucyjnej zasady autonomii i niezależności Kościoła katolickiego. Ponadto Autor przedstawia również warunki jakie musi spełniać naruszenie, aby mogło być uznane za bezprawne.
EN
Article demonstrate that secrecy of the canonical process and the constitutional guarantee of autonomy and state allowed to the Catholic Church do not preclude the possibility of seeking protection of personal rights breached at a state forum in the canonical process of declaring nullity of a marriage. It specifies evidence limitations that result from the provisions of canon law. Copies and transcripts from case files are not issued in the canonical proceeding. The only documents that the party has at its disposal will be a copy of the claim and the sentence. The author analyses the provisions of canon law and common law to demonstrate that the request by state organs of case files in canonical process will evidence a breach of the principle of the autonomy and independence of the Catholic Church. Furthermore, the author presents the conditions that a breach must meet in order to be considered unlawful.
In his motu proprio Apostolic Letter Mitis Iudex, Pope Francis underscores the role and responsibility of every Diocesan Bishop in the pastoral exercise of canonical justice and points out what must be done in the carrying out of the bishop’s own judicial power. The goal of this study is to bring together the teaching of the Pope and of the Church on the responsibility of the Diocesan Bishop in causes of marriage nullity. The question under study is not only presented in light of Mitis Iudex, but also takes into consideration other documents of the Holy See, especially those of the Apostolic Signatura, which sees to the correct administration of justice in the Church. For this reason the presentation of the topic is broader than its treatment in Mitis Iudex, and as a consequence it seeks a more comprehensive handling of the question at hand, naturally within the limits of such an article. In the first part of the study, questions of a doctrinal nature are dealt with, revealing, above all, that each Diocesan Bishop is the iudex natus of his own diocese. Therefore, he has not only the right, but also the duty – both of which have their origin in divine law – to judge coram Domino the cases of his faithful. In the next part, these rights and duties are presented, which then leads to an examination of the responsibility of the Diocesan Bishop in causes of marriage nullity. In the wake of the recent reforms – especially the elimination of the obligation to have a double conforming sentence and the introduction of the processus brevior – the responsibilities of the Diocesan Bishop are significantly amplified. In fact, in the pastoral exercise of his own judicial power, he must ensure that no laxism of any sort creeps in and that the truth is the foundation, mother, and law of justice in every aspect of the judicial process.
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