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Efficacy of UV treatment in the management of bacterial adhesion on hard surfaces

100%

Kolappan A. , Satheesh S.

nr 2

The efficacy of UV treatment to control bacterial adhesion onto hard surfaces was investigated in laboratory conditions. The major characteristics necessary for biofilm formation like extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production, carbohydrate and protein concentration in EPS, and adhesion ability onto hard surface were studied using two bacterial strains isolated from marine biofilms. The results showed that there was a considerable difference between the control and UV treated bacterial cultures in their viability, production of EPS, and adhesion ability. The protein and carbohydrate concentration of the EPS and the adhesion of bacterial cells to surface were also considerably reduced due to UV treatment. This study indicates that treatment of water with UV light may be used to control biofilm development on hard surfaces.

Distributed situation awareness in a demanding maritime operation: a case study of the subsea segment

100%

Norstein E. , Sharma A. , Jungefeldt S. , Nazir S.

tom Vol. 13. no. 4

811--822

Maritime subsea operations have increased significantly in size and complexity during the last decades as a result of the advances in the offshore oil industry. Despite the fact that subsea operations can involve hundreds of personnel, working together with complex technology, limited research can be found regarding the operations in the available literature. This study aims to analyze a routine subsea operation using the Distributed Situation Awareness (DSA) framework and understand how the operators on board maintain their DSA in routine operations through a case study. In order to understand how the operation unfold in complex sociotechnical systems and how situational awareness (SA) is distributed across agents and artefacts, the theoretical framework of DSA can be useful as the focus is on the interactions at a systemic level. To achieve the research objectives, a combination of qualitative methods was utilized to illustrate DSA on board a subsea vessel. Initially an observation was conducted during a live subsea survey operation to capture the interaction between personnel and instruments. Furthermore, all observed personnel were subjected to retrospective interviews to elicit further knowledge of the operation. Finally, the data was analyzed according to the propositional network approach and Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA). The result of this study portrays the SA of a subsea survey operation as propositional networks for the main phases identified in the HTA. The main findings of the study show a significantly difference in DSA among the Bridge personnel and personnel located in the Online Control Room (ONCR). Furthermore, it was found that the dynamic of the system allowed personnel to have different level of DSA without jeopardizing the overall operation. Finally, the summary of the findings provides a basic understanding of how a routine subsea survey operation unfolds.

Historyczne aspekty zabezpieczenia logistycznego działań sił morskich

80%

Szubrycht T.

tom nr 12

714--730

Aktywność ludzka na morzu w znacznie większym stopniu uzależniona od zabezpieczenia logistycznego, niż działalność na lądzie. Na przestrzeni wieków skala i zakres zabezpieczenia logistycznego działań okrętów ulegał zmianom, było to spowodowane m.in.: rozwojem uzbrojenia okrętowego, zwiększeniem liczby członków załogi na okrętach, zmianami wyposażenia okrętów, czasem przebywania okrętów na morzu oraz rejonem pływania. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane aspekty historycznej analizy procesu ewolucji szeroko postrzeganego zabezpieczenia logistycznego działań okrętów na morzu w epoce: wioseł, żagli, pary i ropy naftowej. Warto zauważyć, iż każda epoka miała charakterystyczne wyzwania logistyczne, którym musiały sprostać osoby odpowiedzialne za ten aspekt działania sił morskich. Na podstawie analiz zawartych w artykule można stwierdzić, iż tak naprawdę na przestrzeni wieków zmianom ulegała jedynie skala niezbędnych działań, a nie charakter zabezpieczenia logistycznego sił morskich.

Human activities at sea to a much greater extent dependent upon securing the logistics-go, than those on land. Over the centuries, the scale and scope of logistic activities purse-shapes was changing, it was caused by m.in .: development of weapons ship, increasing the number of crew members on ships, marine equipment changes, the residence time of ships at sea and the region of swimming. The article presents selected aspects of the historical analysis of the evolutionary process widely perceived logistical operations of ships at sea in the age: oars, sails, steam and oil naf-evaporator. It is worth noting that every era had specific logistics challenges, which have to meet the people responsible for this facet of the naval forces. Based on the analysis contained in the article it can be concluded that it really changed over the centuries underwent only the scale of the necessary actions, and not the nature of logistical naval forces.